Access Candidates' and Representatives' Biographies, Voting Records, Interest Group Ratings, Issue Positions, Public Statements, and Campaign Finances

Simply enter your zip code above to get to all of your candidates and representatives, or enter a name. Then, just click on the person you are interested in, and you can navigate to the categories of information we track for them.

Special Interest Groups

Interest Group Ratings

Rating Group: American Public Health Association

1995 Positions

Issues: Health Issues
State Office District Name Party Rating
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 0%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 3%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 0%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 3%
AZ U.S. Senate Jr Jon Kyl Republican 0%
AZ U.S. House 4 Edward Pastor Democratic 96%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 97%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 2 Wally Herger, Jr. Republican 4%
CA U.S. House 6 Lynn Woolsey Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 7 George Miller Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 8 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 96%
CA U.S. House 13 Pete Stark Democratic 88%
CA U.S. House 14 Anna Eshoo Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 16 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 96%
CA U.S. House 17 Sam Farr Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 24 Elton Gallegly Republican 4%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 4%
CA U.S. House 26 David Dreier Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 28 Howard Berman Democratic 88%
CA U.S. House 30 Henry Waxman Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 31 Xavier Becerra Democratic 92%
CA U.S. House 34 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 35 Maxine Waters Democratic 92%
CA U.S. House 40 Ed Royce Republican 8%
CA U.S. House 41 Jerry Lewis Republican 4%
CA U.S. House 44 Ken Calvert Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 46 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 4%
CA U.S. House 50 Brian Bilbray Republican 29%
CA U.S. House 51 Bob Filner Democratic 79%
CT U.S. Senate Sr Joe Lieberman Independent Democrat 93%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 100%
FL U.S. House 3 Corrine Brown Democratic 92%
FL U.S. House 6 Cliff Stearns Republican 4%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 0%
FL U.S. House 10 Bill Young Republican 13%
FL U.S. House 18 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 21%
FL U.S. House 23 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 96%
FL Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 21%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 0%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 8%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 79%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 92%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 8%
HI U.S. Senate Sr Daniel Inouye Democratic 86%
HI U.S. Senate Jr Daniel Akaka, Sr. Democratic 97%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 92%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 3%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 93%
IA U.S. House 4 Tom Latham Republican 0%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 4%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 100%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 92%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 92%
IL U.S. House 12 Jerry Costello Democratic 67%
IL U.S. House 16 Don Manzullo Republican 4%
IN U.S. Senate Sr Dick Lugar Republican 14%
IN U.S. Senate Jr Daniel Coats Republican 3%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 100%
IN U.S. House 5 Dan Burton Republican 0%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 0%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 4%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 7%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 4%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 0%
MA U.S. Senate Sr John Kerry Democratic 97%
MA U.S. House 1 John Olver Democratic 96%
MA U.S. House 2 Richard Neal Democratic 83%
MA U.S. House 4 Barney Frank Democratic 92%
MA U.S. House 7 Ed Markey Democratic 100%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 93%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 96%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 88%
MD U.S. House 6 Roscoe Bartlett Republican 4%
ME U.S. Senate Sr Olympia Snowe Republican 55%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 100%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 4%
MI U.S. House 5 Dale Kildee Democratic 83%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 29%
MI U.S. House 12 Sandy Levin Democratic 96%
MI U.S. House 14 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 92%
MI U.S. House 15 John Dingell Democratic 96%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 33%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 3%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 0%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 96%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 62%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 86%
NA U.S. Secretary of Transportation Ray LaHood Republican 21%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 4%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 4%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 9 Sue Myrick Republican 4%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 88%
ND U.S. Senate Sr Kent Conrad Democratic-NPL 83%
NH U.S. House 2 Charlie Bass Republican 21%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 58%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 38%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 29%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 25%
NM U.S. Senate Sr Jeff Bingaman Democratic 86%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 86%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 96%
NY U.S. House 3 Pete King Republican 13%
NY U.S. House 5 Gary Ackerman Democratic 92%
NY U.S. House 8 Jerry Nadler Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 10 Ed Towns Democratic 79%
NY U.S. House 12 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 96%
NY U.S. House 14 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 15 Charlie Rangel Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 16 José Serrano Democratic 88%
NY U.S. House 17 Eliot Engel Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 18 Nita Lowey Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 22 Maurice Hinchey Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 28 Louise Slaughter Democratic 100%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 100%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 17%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 0%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 0%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 83%
OH U.S. House 14 Steve LaTourette Republican 25%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 8%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 96%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 17%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 0%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 13%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 0%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 96%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 92%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 92%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 71%
PA U.S. House 17 Thomas Holden Democratic 54%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 100%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 4%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 96%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 83%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 0%
TX U.S. Senate Sr Kay Hutchison Republican 3%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 8%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 4%
TX U.S. House 25 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 96%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 83%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 88%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 17%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 96%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 0%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 92%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 21%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 93%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 96%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 100%
WA U.S. House 4 Richard Hastings Republican 0%
WA U.S. House 6 Norm Dicks Democratic 96%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 96%
WI U.S. Senate Sr Herb Kohl Democratic 86%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 4%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 13%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 92%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 93%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 75%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 17%
Wayne Allard 4%
William Archer 4%
Richard Armey 4%
John Ashcroft 0%
Henry Scott Baesler 58%
Richard Hugh Baker 0%
William Baker 0%
John Baldacci 96%
Cass Ballenger 0%
James Barcia 58%
Robert Barr, Jr. 0%
William Barrett 4%
Herbert Bateman 0%
Anthony Beilenson 100%
Bob Bennett 10%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 83%
Douglas Bereuter 25%
Tom Bevill 42%
Michael Bilirakis 4%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 0%
Peter Blute 21%
Sherwood Boehlert 63%
Kit Bond 7%
Henry Bonilla 0%
David Edward Bonior 88%
Sonny Bono 4%
Robert Borski, Jr. 92%
Rick Boucher 79%
Bill Bradley 100%
Carol Moseley Braun 93%
John Breaux 55%
Bill Brewster 29%
Glen Browder 38%
George Brown, Jr. 88%
Hank Brown 3%
Richard Bryan 83%
Ed Bryant 4%
John Bryant 92%
Dale Bumpers 90%
Jim Bunn 21%
Jim Bunning 0%
Conrad Burns 3%
Steve Buyer 4%
Robert Byrd 83%
Herbert Callahan 0%
Ben Campbell 21%
Mike Castle 38%
John Chafee 52%
Jim Chapman 46%
Helen Chenoweth 0%
Jon Lynn Christensen 0%
Dick Chrysler 0%
William Clay, Sr. 96%
Eva Clayton 92%
Robert Clement 67%
William Clinger 8%
William Cohen 66%
Ronald Coleman 92%
Barbara-Rose Collins 79%
Cardiss Collins 92%
Mac Collins 0%
Larry Combest 0%
Gary Condit 29%
Wes Cooley 0%
Paul Coverdell 7%
Christopher Cox 4%
William Coyne 100%
Larry Craig 0%
Robert Cramer 33%
Philip Crane 0%
Frank Arnold Cremeans 4%
Barbara Cubin 0%
Randall Cunningham 13%
Alfonse D'Amato 14%
Patsy Ann Danner 58%
Thomas Daschle 86%
Thomas Davis III 29%
E. Kika de la Garza 54%
Thomas DeLay 0%
Ronald Dellums 96%
Peter Deutsch 67%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 21%
Jay Dickey 0%
Julian Dixon 96%
Chris Dodd 93%
Robert Dole 0%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 14%
Calvin Dooley 54%
John Doolittle 0%
Byron Dorgan 83%
Robert Dornan 4%
Jennifer Dunn 17%
Chet Edwards 58%
Vern Ehlers 25%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 21%
Bill Emerson 0%
Philip English 21%
John Ensign 13%
Lane Evans 100%
Terry Everett 0%
Thomas Ewing 4%
Jim Exon 72%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth 3%
Harris Fawell 29%
Victor Fazio 75%
Russ Feingold 90%
Cleo Fields 88%
Jack Fields, Jr. 0%
Floyd Flake 83%
Michael Patrick Flanagan 13%
Thomas Foglietta 100%
Mark Foley 17%
Michael Patrick Forbes 25%
Harold Ford, Sr. 96%
Wendell Ford 83%
Tillie Fowler 25%
Jon David Fox 21%
Gary Franks 29%
Robert Franks 25%
Daniel Frisa 4%
William Frist 7%
Jonas Frost III 75%
David Funderburk 4%
Elizabeth Furse 96%
John Ganske 13%
Sam Gejdenson 96%
George Gekas 8%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 88%
Pete Geren 17%
Sam Gibbons 88%
Wayne Gilchrest 50%
Paul Gillmor 13%
Benjamin Gilman 50%
Newt Gingrich 0%
John Glenn 93%
Henry Gonzalez 75%
William Goodling 17%
Bart Gordon 67%
Slade Gorton 24%
Porter Goss 8%
Daniel Graham 90%
William Phillip Gramm 3%
Rodney Grams 0%
Enid Greene 13%
James Greenwood 33%
Judd Gregg 7%
Steven Gunderson 21%
Gilbert Gutknecht 4%
Tony Hall 79%
Lee Hamilton 67%
Melton Hancock 0%
James Hansen 8%
Jane Harman 75%
J. Dennis Hastert 0%
Mark Hatfield 38%
James Hayes 25%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 8%
Joel Hefley 4%
W.G. Hefner 75%
Fredrick Kenneth Fred' Heineman 8%
Jesse Helms 3%
Van Hilleary 8%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 83%
David Lee Hobson 17%
Pete Hoekstra 8%
Martin Hoke 13%
Ernest Hollings 76%
Stephen Horn 46%
John Nathan Hostettler 0%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 21%
Duncan Hunter 0%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 4%
Henry Hyde 8%
Bob Inglis, Sr. 4%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 0%
Andrew Jacobs, Jr. 83%
William Jefferson 88%
James Merrill Jeffords 59%
Nancy Johnson 29%
Harry Johnston 96%
J. Bennett Johnston 69%
Paul Kanjorski 83%
Nancy Landon Kassebaum 24%
Sue Kelly 33%
Dirk Kempthorne 0%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 100%
Joseph Kennedy II 88%
Patrick Kennedy 96%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly 88%
Bob Kerrey 76%
Jay Kim 4%
Gerald Kleczka 79%
Ronald Klink 79%
Scott Klug 25%
Joseph Knollenberg 0%
James Kolbe 17%
John LaFalce 83%
Tom Lantos 96%
Stephen Largent 4%
Greg Laughlin 4%
Rick Lazio 38%
James Leach 42%
Ron Lewis 0%
Jim Ross Lightfoot 4%
Blanche Lincoln 54%
John Linder 0%
William Lipinski 58%
Robert Livingston 4%
James Longley, Jr. 21%
Trent Lott, Sr. 0%
William Luther 96%
Connie Mack 7%
Thomas Manton 75%
Matthew Martinez 92%
Bill Martini 33%
Frank Mascara 75%
Robert Matsui 96%
Karen McCarthy 83%
Bill McCollum 8%
James McCrery III 0%
Joseph McDade 4%
Paul McHale 96%
John McHugh 8%
Scott McInnis 13%
David McIntosh 0%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 96%
Michael McNulty 75%
Martin Meehan 96%
Carrie Meek 50%
Jack Metcalf 13%
Jan Meyers 21%
Dan Miller 4%
David Minge 71%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 96%
John Moakley 54%
Susan Molinari 25%
Alan Mollohan 58%
G.V. Montgomery 17%
Carlos Moorhead 4%
Constance Morella 67%
Daniel Patrick Moynihan 83%
Frank Murkowski 7%
Jack Murtha 75%
John Myers 0%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 4%
Mark Neumann 4%
Robert William Ney 4%
Don Nickles 3%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 0%
Sam Nunn 45%
James Nussle 4%
Jim Oberstar 83%
Dave Obey 88%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 46%
William Orton 58%
Major Owens 100%
Michael Oxley 0%
Ronald Packard 4%
Paul Michael Parker 13%
William Paxon 0%
Donald Payne 100%
Lewis Payne, Jr. 58%
Claiborne Pell 97%
Pete Peterson 58%
Owen Pickett 38%
Richard Pombo 0%
Earl Pomeroy 75%
John Edward Porter 38%
Glenn Poshard 58%
Larry Pressler 0%
Deborah Pryce 25%
David Pryor 90%
James Quillen 4%
Jack Quinn 17%
George Radanovich 0%
James Ramstad 33%
Ralph Regula 17%
Bill Richardson 96%
Frank Duncan Riggs 13%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 96%
Charles Robb 86%
Timothy Roemer 58%
Charles Rose III 67%
Toby Roth 4%
William Roth, Jr. 14%
Marge Roukema 46%
Martin Olav Sabo 88%
Matthew Salmon 4%
Mark Sanford, Jr. 13%
Rick Santorum 7%
Paul Sarbanes 97%
H. James Saxton 25%
Joe Scarborough 8%
Daniel Schaefer 0%
Steven Schiff 25%
Patricia Schroeder 92%
Andrea Seastrand 4%
John Shadegg 0%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 13%
Christopher Shays 42%
E.G. Shuster 8%
Paul Simon 97%
Alan Simpson 21%
Norman Sisisky 38%
David Skaggs 88%
Joseph Skeen 0%
Ike Skelton 29%
Linda Smith 8%
Nick Smith 8%
Bob Smith 0%
Gerald B.H. Solomon 0%
Mark Souder 4%
Arlen Specter 62%
Floyd Spence 4%
John Spratt, Jr. 83%
Charles Stenholm 33%
Ted Stevens 17%
Steve Stockman 4%
Louis Stokes 100%
Gerry Studds 100%
Robert Stump 0%
Bart Stupak 67%
James Talent 4%
John Tanner 46%
Randy Tate 13%
William Tauzin 13%
Charles Taylor 0%
Gene Taylor 42%
Frank Tejeda 38%
Craig Thomas 3%
William Thomas 13%
Fred Thompson 7%
Ray Thornton 75%
Karen Thurman 50%
Strom Thurmond 7%
Todd Tiahrt 0%
Peter Torkildsen 50%
Esteban Edward Torres 96%
Robert Torricelli 92%
James Traficant, Jr. 63%
Bruce Vento 100%
Harold Volkmer 50%
Barbara Vucanovich 0%
Robert Walker 0%
James Walsh 4%
Zach Wamp 8%
Michael Ward 88%
John Warner 7%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 0%
David Weldon 13%
W. Curtis Weldon 17%
Gerald Weller 4%
Paul Wellstone 97%
Rick White 25%
Pat Williams 75%
Charles Wilson 63%
Robert Wise, Jr. 92%
Albert Wynn 96%
Sidney Yates 88%
Bill Zeliff 13%
Richard Zimmer 46%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

Back to top