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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: National Education Association

1997-1998 Positions

Issues: Education
State Office District Name Party Rating
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 93%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 30%
Gary Ackerman 100%
AL U.S. House 4 Robert Aderholt Republican 34%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 100%
Wayne Allard 15%
Thomas Allen 93%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 96%
Bill Archer 28%
Richard Armey 31%
John Ashcroft 12%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 25%
Richard Hugh Baker 30%
John Baldacci 93%
Cass Ballenger 21%
James Barcia 89%
Robert Barr, Jr. 18%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 96%
Bill Barrett 48%
Roscoe Bartlett 24%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 17%
Charlie Bass 38%
Herbert Bateman 33%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 89%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 100%
Bob Bennett 32%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 100%
Douglas Bereuter 39%
Howard Berman 100%
Marion Berry 89%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 85%
Brian Bilbray 41%
Michael Bilirakis 32%
Jeff Bingaman 96%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 79%
Rod Blagojevich 100%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 32%
OR U.S. House 3 Earl Blumenauer Democratic 85%
MO U.S. Senate Jr Roy Blunt Republican 21%
Sherwood Boehlert 69%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 29%
Kit Bond 26%
Henry Bonilla 28%
David Edward Bonior 97%
Mary Bono Mack 23%
Robert Borski, Jr. 93%
Leonard Boswell 97%
Rick Boucher 93%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 100%
Allen Boyd, Jr. 76%
TX U.S. House 8 Kevin Brady Republican 21%
PA U.S. House 1 Bob Brady Democratic 100%
John Breaux 78%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 96%
George Brown, Jr. 100%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 100%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 22%
Richard Bryan 96%
Ed Bryant 24%
Jim Bunning 36%
Conrad Burns 30%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 29%
Dan Burton 30%
Steve Buyer 32%
Robert Byrd 74%
Herbert Callahan 31%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 28%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 31%
Ben Campbell 35%
Thomas Campbell 38%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 31%
Chris Cannon 33%
CA U.S. House 24 Lois Capps Democratic 100%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 93%
Julia Carson 96%
Mike Castle 52%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 21%
John Chafee 63%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 36%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 31%
William Clay, Sr. 85%
Eva Clayton 96%
Joseph Maxwell Cleland 93%
Robert Clement 89%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 93%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 7%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 18%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 30%
Michael Collins 24%
ME U.S. Senate Sr Susan Collins Republican 33%
Larry Combest 28%
Gary Condit 71%
Kent Conrad 100%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 85%
Merrill Cook 30%
John Cooksey 37%
Jerry Costello 97%
Paul Coverdell 30%
Christopher Cox 25%
William Coyne 100%
Larry Craig 30%
Robert Cramer 90%
Philip Crane 17%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 39%
Barbara Cubin 31%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 86%
Randall Cunningham 33%
Patsy Ann Danner 81%
Thomas Daschle 100%
IL U.S. House 7 Danny Davis Democratic 86%
James Davis 97%
Thomas Davis III 46%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 21%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 78%
CO U.S. House 1 Diana DeGette Democratic 97%
Bill Delahunt 93%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 100%
Thomas DeLay 28%
Peter Deutsch 97%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 37%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 43%
Jay Dickey 28%
Norm Dicks 97%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 96%
Julian Dixon 96%
Chris Dodd 100%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 89%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 30%
Calvin Dooley 96%
John Doolittle 17%
Byron Dorgan 100%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 93%
David Dreier 26%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 28%
Jennifer Dunn 31%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 100%
Chet Edwards 93%
Vern Ehlers 38%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 33%
Jo Ann Emerson 34%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 96%
Philip English 50%
WY U.S. Senate Sr Mike Enzi Republican 22%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 96%
Bob Etheridge 96%
Lane Evans 96%
Terry Everett 28%
Thomas Ewing 31%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 100%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 100%
Russ Feingold 89%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 93%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 90%
Mark Foley 34%
Michael Patrick Forbes 50%
Harold Ford, Jr. 93%
Vito Fossella, Jr. 25%
Tillie Fowler 31%
Barney Frank 93%
Robert Franks 41%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 38%
William Frist 30%
Jonas Frost III 96%
Elton Gallegly 34%
John Ganske 41%
Sam Gejdenson 100%
George Gekas 32%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 93%
Jim Gibbons 34%
Wayne Gilchrest 41%
Paul Gillmor 29%
Benjamin Gilman 55%
Virgil Goode, Jr. 38%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 28%
William Goodling 31%
Bart Gordon 86%
Slade Gorton 26%
Porter Goss 31%
Daniel Graham 89%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 21%
William Phillip Gramm 19%
Rodney Grams 19%
TX U.S. House 12 Kay Granger Republican 34%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 26%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 96%
James Greenwood 41%
Judd Gregg 30%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 89%
Gilbert Gutknecht 31%
NA U.S. Secretary of Defense Charles Hagel Republican 19%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 36%
Tony Hall 93%
James Hansen 23%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 100%
J. Dennis Hastert 34%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 88%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 25%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 33%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 31%
Joel Hefley 24%
Jesse Helms 13%
Wally Herger, Jr. 28%
Rick Hill 28%
Van Hilleary 18%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 85%
Maurice Hinchey 100%
TX U.S. House 15 Rubén Hinojosa, Sr. Democratic 96%
David Lee Hobson 38%
Pete Hoekstra 21%
Thomas Holden 93%
Ernest Hollings 84%
Darlene Hooley 100%
Stephen Horn 50%
John Nathan Hostettler 24%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 50%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 93%
Kenny Hulshof 34%
Duncan Hunter 30%
Asa Hutchinson 38%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 27%
Kay Hutchison 30%
Henry Hyde 31%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 11%
Daniel Inouye 100%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 14%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 90%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 97%
William Jefferson 95%
James Merrill Jeffords 63%
William Lewis Jenkins 38%
Christopher John 82%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 96%
Nancy Johnson 79%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 21%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 96%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 21%
Paul Kanjorski 97%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 85%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 34%
Sue Kelly 48%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 100%
Patrick Kennedy 93%
Bob Kerrey 93%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 100%
Dale Kildee 97%
Carolyn Kilpatrick 85%
WI U.S. House 3 Ron Kind Democratic 93%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 38%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 24%
Gerald Kleczka 86%
Ronald Klink 93%
Joseph Knollenberg 34%
Herb Kohl 89%
James Kolbe 34%
Dennis Kucinich 90%
Jon Kyl 26%
John LaFalce 100%
Ray LaHood 36%
Nicholas Lampson 97%
LA U.S. Senate Sr Mary Landrieu Democratic 96%
Tom Lantos 100%
Stephen Largent 21%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 34%
Steve LaTourette 52%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 100%
Rick Lazio 41%
James Leach 70%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 13 Barbara Lee Democratic 92%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 96%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 97%
Jerry Lewis 39%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 96%
Ron Lewis 32%
Joe Lieberman 74%
John Linder 31%
William Lipinski 57%
Robert Livingston 34%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 55%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 100%
Trent Lott, Sr. 30%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 100%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 34%
Dick Lugar 30%
William Luther 93%
Connie Mack 30%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 100%
James Maloney 96%
Don Manzullo 18%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 93%
Matthew Martinez 100%
Frank Mascara 100%
Robert Matsui 90%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 28%
NY U.S. House 4 Carolyn McCarthy Democratic 97%
Karen McCarthy 96%
Bill McCollum 29%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 27%
James McCrery III 32%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 89%
MA U.S. House 2 Jim McGovern Democratic 96%
John McHugh 59%
Scott McInnis 31%
David McIntosh 15%
NC U.S. House 7 Mike McIntyre Democratic 82%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 28%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 97%
Michael McNulty 92%
Martin Meehan 100%
Carrie Meek 92%
NY U.S. House 5 Gregory Meeks Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 96%
Jack Metcalf 31%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 19%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 100%
Juanita Millender-McDonald 96%
Dan Miller 24%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 96%
David Minge 89%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 93%
John Moakley 96%
Alan Mollohan 92%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 86%
KS U.S. Senate Jr Jerry Moran Republican 34%
Constance Morella 86%
Patrick Moynihan 88%
Frank Murkowski 27%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 100%
Jack Murtha 90%
Sue Myrick 34%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 96%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 100%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 32%
Robert William Ney 59%
Don Nickles 22%
Anne Northup 38%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 21%
James Nussle 39%
Jim Oberstar 93%
Dave Obey 93%
John Olver 100%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 93%
Major Owens 93%
Michael Oxley 31%
Ronald Packard 36%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 9 Bill Pascrell, Jr. Democratic 97%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 96%
Ron Paul 35%
Donald Payne 88%
Edward Pease 37%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 100%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 76%
John Peterson 31%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 31%
Charles Pickering, Jr. 25%
Owen Pickett 86%
PA U.S. House 16 Joe Pitts Republican 31%
Richard Pombo 14%
Earl Pomeroy 100%
John Edward Porter 39%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 31%
NC U.S. House 4 David Price Democratic 97%
Deborah Pryce 38%
Jack Quinn 50%
George Radanovich 26%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 90%
James Ramstad 59%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 92%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 100%
Ralph Regula 45%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 93%
Silvestre Reyes 92%
Bob Riley 30%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 97%
Charles Robb 89%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 30%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 100%
Ciro Rodriguez 97%
Timothy Roemer 90%
James Rogan 34%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 38%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 21%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 44%
William Roth, Jr. 30%
Steve Rothman 100%
Marge Roukema 48%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 96%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 11%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 89%
Jim Ryun 18%
Martin Olav Sabo 93%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 21%
CA U.S. House 46 Loretta Sanchez Democratic 93%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 93%
Max Sandlin, Jr. 93%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 17%
Rick Santorum 26%
Paul Sarbanes 96%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 100%
Jim Saxton 46%
Joe Scarborough 11%
CO State Board of Education 4 Robert Schaffer Republican 21%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 100%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 93%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 21%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 90%
AL U.S. Senate Jr Jeff Sessions III Republican 12%
TX U.S. House 32 Pete Sessions Republican 25%
John Shadegg 21%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 38%
Christopher Shays 41%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 22%
CA U.S. House 30 Brad Sherman Democratic 90%
IL U.S. House 15 John Shimkus Republican 38%
E.G. Shuster 32%
Norman Sisisky 93%
Joseph Skeen 34%
Ike Skelton 88%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 100%
WA U.S. House 9 Adam Smith Democratic 90%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 38%
Gordon Smith 33%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 32%
Nick Smith 32%
Bob Smith 15%
Olympia Snowe 41%
Vic Snyder 97%
Mark Souder 39%
Arlen Specter 74%
Floyd Spence 34%
John Spratt, Jr. 97%
MI U.S. Senate Jr Debbie Stabenow Democratic 96%
Pete Stark 93%
Cliff Stearns 21%
Charles Stenholm 83%
Ted Stevens 33%
Ted Strickland 97%
Bob Stump 17%
Bart Stupak 93%
John Sununu 34%
James Talent 25%
John Tanner 89%
Ellen Tauscher 90%
William Tauzin 33%
Charles Taylor 29%
Gene Taylor 41%
Craig Thomas 26%
William Thomas 38%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 89%
Fred Thompson 26%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 28%
SD U.S. Senate Jr John Thune Republican 38%
Karen Thurman 97%
Strom Thurmond 30%
Todd Tiahrt 18%
MA U.S. House 6 John Tierney Democratic 100%
Robert Torricelli 85%
Ed Towns 88%
James Traficant, Jr. 79%
James Turner 90%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 34%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 89%
Bruce Vento 100%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 89%
James Walsh 39%
Zach Wamp 28%
John Warner 30%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 85%
Wesley Watkins 37%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 89%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 34%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 93%
David Weldon 21%
W. Curtis Weldon 38%
Gerald Weller 38%
Paul Wellstone 88%
Robert Wexler 100%
Bob Weygand 100%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 32%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 31%
Heather Wilson 38%
Bob Wise, Jr. 100%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 36%
Lynn Woolsey 100%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 100%
Albert Wynn 97%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 32%
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 39%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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