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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: National Education Association

1997 Positions

Issues: Education
State Office District Name Party Rating
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 22%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 25%
AL U.S. Senate Jr Jeff Sessions III Republican 13%
AL U.S. House 4 Robert Aderholt Republican 43%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 36%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 27%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 29%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 92%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 94%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 92%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 36%
CA U.S. House 30 Brad Sherman Democratic 86%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 86%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 14%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 93%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 36%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 71%
CA U.S. House 46 Loretta Sanchez Democratic 86%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 21%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 86%
CO U.S. House 1 Diana DeGette Democratic 100%
CO State Board of Education 4 Robert Schaffer Republican 29%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 100%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 92%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 23%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 46%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 79%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 50%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 43%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 54%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 29%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 71%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 93%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 36%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 86%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 31%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 100%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 50%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 29%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 100%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 77%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 77%
IL U.S. House 7 Danny Davis Democratic 71%
IL U.S. House 15 John Shimkus Republican 50%
IN U.S. Senate Sr Daniel Coats Republican 25%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 77%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 31%
KS U.S. Senate Jr Jerry Moran Republican 36%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 25%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 27%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 43%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 57%
LA U.S. Senate Sr Mary Landrieu Democratic 94%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 2 Jim McGovern Democratic 93%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 86%
MA U.S. House 6 John Tierney Democratic 100%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 100%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 93%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 86%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 71%
ME U.S. Senate Sr Susan Collins Republican 38%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 100%
MI U.S. Senate Jr Debbie Stabenow Democratic 93%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 43%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 43%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 93%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 93%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 71%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 79%
MO U.S. Senate Jr Roy Blunt Republican 21%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 31%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 43%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 86%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 88%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 88%
NA U.S. Secretary of Defense Charles Hagel Republican 25%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 100%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 36%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 29%
NC U.S. House 4 David Price Democratic 93%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 14%
NC U.S. House 7 Mike McIntyre Democratic 86%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 79%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 92%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 92%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 64%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 57%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 9 Bill Pascrell, Jr. Democratic 93%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 57%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 94%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 50%
NY U.S. House 4 Carolyn McCarthy Democratic 93%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 79%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 93%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 86%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 79%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 92%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 100%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 100%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 50%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 29%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 36%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 79%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 50%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 100%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 44%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 13%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 23%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 50%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 100%
OR U.S. House 3 Earl Blumenauer Democratic 77%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 64%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 100%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 86%
PA U.S. House 16 Joe Pitts Republican 43%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 100%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 29%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 21%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 86%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 94%
SD U.S. Senate Jr John Thune Republican 57%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 43%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 29%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 43%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 21%
TX U.S. House 8 Kevin Brady Republican 29%
TX U.S. House 12 Kay Granger Republican 50%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 36%
TX U.S. House 15 Rubén Hinojosa, Sr. Democratic 92%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 93%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 43%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 93%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 93%
TX U.S. House 32 Pete Sessions Republican 36%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 85%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 38%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 86%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 36%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 79%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 54%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 100%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 86%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 100%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 31%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 85%
WA U.S. House 9 Adam Smith Democratic 93%
WI U.S. House 3 Ron Kind Democratic 93%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 29%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 36%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 100%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 100%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 86%
WY U.S. Senate Sr Mike Enzi Republican 25%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 31%
Gary Ackerman 100%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 100%
Wayne Allard 19%
Thomas Allen 93%
Bill Archer 36%
Richard Armey 43%
John Ashcroft 13%
Henry Scott Baesler 86%
Richard Hugh Baker 46%
John Baldacci 92%
Cass Ballenger 29%
James Barcia 86%
Robert Barr, Jr. 29%
Bill Barrett 71%
Roscoe Bartlett 36%
Charlie Bass 50%
Herbert Bateman 43%
Bob Bennett 31%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 100%
Douglas Bereuter 57%
Howard Berman 100%
Marion Berry 86%
Brian Bilbray 50%
Michael Bilirakis 50%
Jeff Bingaman 94%
Rod Blagojevich 100%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 43%
Sherwood Boehlert 71%
Kit Bond 31%
Henry Bonilla 29%
David Edward Bonior 93%
Sonny Bono 50%
Robert Borski, Jr. 86%
Leonard Boswell 93%
Rick Boucher 86%
Allen Boyd, Jr. 79%
John Breaux 75%
George Brown, Jr. 100%
Richard Bryan 94%
Ed Bryant 29%
Dale Bumpers 94%
Jim Bunning 50%
Conrad Burns 31%
Dan Burton 36%
Steve Buyer 38%
Robert Byrd 94%
Herbert Callahan 43%
Ben Campbell 33%
Thomas Campbell 43%
Chris Cannon 43%
Julia Carson 93%
Mike Castle 57%
John Chafee 69%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 21%
Jon Lynn Christensen 43%
William Clay, Sr. 71%
Eva Clayton 93%
Joseph Maxwell Cleland 88%
Robert Clement 85%
Michael Collins 43%
Larry Combest 36%
Gary Condit 79%
Kent Conrad 100%
Merrill Cook 50%
John Cooksey 50%
Jerry Costello 100%
Paul Coverdell 31%
Christopher Cox 29%
William Coyne 100%
Larry Craig 31%
Robert Cramer 93%
Philip Crane 29%
Barbara Cubin 45%
Randall Cunningham 43%
Alfonse D'Amato 50%
Patsy Ann Danner 79%
Thomas Daschle 100%
James Davis 93%
Thomas Davis III 57%
Bill Delahunt 86%
Thomas DeLay 43%
Ronald Dellums 79%
Peter Deutsch 93%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 50%
Jay Dickey 29%
Norm Dicks 93%
Julian Dixon 93%
Chris Dodd 100%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 31%
Calvin Dooley 92%
John Doolittle 21%
Byron Dorgan 100%
David Dreier 38%
Jennifer Dunn 43%
Chet Edwards 86%
Vern Ehlers 50%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 43%
Jo Ann Emerson 50%
Philip English 57%
John Ensign 43%
Bob Etheridge 93%
Lane Evans 93%
Terry Everett 36%
Thomas Ewing 43%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth 25%
Harris Fawell 64%
Victor Fazio 93%
Russ Feingold 88%
Thomas Foglietta 100%
Mark Foley 43%
Michael Patrick Forbes 46%
Harold Ford, Jr. 93%
Wendell Ford 81%
Vito Fossella, Jr. 100%
Tillie Fowler 43%
Jon David Fox 50%
Barney Frank 85%
Robert Franks 50%
William Frist 31%
Jonas Frost III 93%
Elizabeth Furse 100%
Elton Gallegly 50%
John Ganske 50%
Sam Gejdenson 100%
George Gekas 43%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 86%
Jim Gibbons 43%
Wayne Gilchrest 50%
Paul Gillmor 38%
Benjamin Gilman 57%
Newt Gingrich 33%
John Glenn 88%
Henry Gonzalez 100%
Virgil Goode, Jr. 50%
William Goodling 43%
Bart Gordon 86%
Slade Gorton 25%
Porter Goss 43%
Daniel Graham 88%
William Phillip Gramm 19%
Rodney Grams 19%
James Greenwood 50%
Judd Gregg 31%
Gilbert Gutknecht 43%
Tony Hall 85%
Lee Hamilton 93%
James Hansen 36%
Jane Harman 93%
J. Dennis Hastert 50%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 43%
Joel Hefley 29%
W.G. Hefner 100%
Jesse Helms 13%
Wally Herger, Jr. 36%
Rick Hill 36%
Van Hilleary 21%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 69%
Maurice Hinchey 100%
David Lee Hobson 50%
Pete Hoekstra 31%
Thomas Holden 92%
Ernest Hollings 75%
Darlene Hooley 100%
Stephen Horn 64%
John Nathan Hostettler 29%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 62%
Kenny Hulshof 50%
Duncan Hunter 36%
Asa Hutchinson 43%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 25%
Kay Hutchison 31%
Henry Hyde 50%
Bob Inglis, Sr. 29%
Daniel Inouye 100%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 21%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 79%
William Jefferson 91%
James Merrill Jeffords 69%
William Lewis Jenkins 57%
Christopher John 79%
Jay Johnson 100%
Nancy Johnson 79%
Paul Kanjorski 100%
Sue Kelly 50%
Dirk Kempthorne 31%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 100%
Joseph Kennedy II 86%
Patrick Kennedy 86%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly 100%
Bob Kerrey 94%
Dale Kildee 93%
Carolyn Kilpatrick 71%
Jay Kim 50%
Gerald Kleczka 79%
Ronald Klink 93%
Scott Klug 54%
Joseph Knollenberg 50%
Herb Kohl 88%
James Kolbe 50%
Dennis Kucinich 79%
Jon Kyl 31%
John LaFalce 100%
Ray LaHood 50%
Nicholas Lampson 93%
Tom Lantos 100%
Stephen Largent 21%
Steve LaTourette 50%
Rick Lazio 50%
James Leach 62%
Jerry Lewis 46%
Ron Lewis 46%
Joe Lieberman 75%
John Linder 43%
William Lipinski 57%
Robert Livingston 50%
Trent Lott, Sr. 31%
Dick Lugar 38%
William Luther 93%
Connie Mack 31%
James Maloney 93%
Thomas Manton 92%
Don Manzullo 29%
Matthew Martinez 100%
Frank Mascara 100%
Robert Matsui 86%
Karen McCarthy 92%
Bill McCollum 38%
James McCrery III 43%
Joseph McDade 57%
Paul McHale 86%
John McHugh 71%
Scott McInnis 43%
David McIntosh 25%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 93%
Michael McNulty 85%
Martin Meehan 100%
Carrie Meek 86%
Jack Metcalf 36%
Juanita Millender-McDonald 93%
Dan Miller 36%
David Minge 93%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 86%
John Moakley 93%
Alan Mollohan 85%
Constance Morella 71%
Carol Moseley Braun 100%
Patrick Moynihan 88%
Frank Murkowski 31%
Jack Murtha 79%
Sue Myrick 43%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 46%
Mark Neumann 29%
Robert William Ney 57%
Don Nickles 25%
Anne Northup 43%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 29%
James Nussle 43%
Jim Oberstar 86%
Dave Obey 86%
John Olver 100%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 92%
Major Owens 86%
Michael Oxley 43%
Ronald Packard 50%
Michael Pappas 43%
Mike Parker 43%
Ron Paul 29%
William Paxon 29%
Donald Payne 77%
Edward Pease 43%
John Peterson 43%
Charles Pickering, Jr. 36%
Owen Pickett 86%
Richard Pombo 14%
Earl Pomeroy 100%
John Edward Porter 54%
Glenn Poshard 100%
Deborah Pryce 50%
Jack Quinn 54%
George Radanovich 36%
James Ramstad 71%
Bill Redmond 36%
Ralph Regula 57%
Silvestre Reyes 85%
Frank Duncan Riggs 50%
Bob Riley 42%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 100%
Charles Robb 81%
Ciro Rodriguez 93%
Timothy Roemer 86%
James Rogan 50%
William Roth, Jr. 31%
Steve Rothman 100%
Marge Roukema 64%
Jim Ryun 21%
Martin Olav Sabo 93%
Max Sandlin, Jr. 93%
Rick Santorum 31%
Paul Sarbanes 94%
Jim Saxton 57%
Joe Scarborough 14%
Daniel Schaefer 36%
Steven Schiff 0%
John Shadegg 21%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 50%
Christopher Shays 50%
E.G. Shuster 43%
Norman Sisisky 86%
David Skaggs 100%
Joseph Skeen 43%
Ike Skelton 82%
Gordon Smith 38%
Linda Smith 43%
Nick Smith 43%
Robert Smith 50%
Bob Smith 19%
Vincent Snowbarger 21%
Olympia Snowe 44%
Vic Snyder 93%
Gerald B.H. Solomon 43%
Mark Souder 43%
Arlen Specter 81%
Floyd Spence 50%
John Spratt, Jr. 93%
Pete Stark 86%
Cliff Stearns 36%
Charles Stenholm 79%
Ted Stevens 31%
Louis Stokes 79%
Ted Strickland 93%
Bob Stump 21%
Bart Stupak 93%
John Sununu 50%
James Talent 31%
John Tanner 86%
Ellen Tauscher 86%
William Tauzin 50%
Charles Taylor 36%
Gene Taylor 50%
Craig Thomas 31%
William Thomas 50%
Fred Thompson 19%
Karen Thurman 100%
Strom Thurmond 31%
Todd Tiahrt 21%
Esteban Edward Torres 100%
Robert Torricelli 94%
Ed Towns 77%
James Traficant, Jr. 71%
James Turner 86%
Bruce Vento 100%
James Walsh 50%
Zach Wamp 43%
John Warner 31%
Wesley Watkins 50%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 43%
David Weldon 29%
W. Curtis Weldon 50%
Gerald Weller 50%
Paul Wellstone 87%
Robert Wexler 100%
Bob Weygand 100%
Rick White 50%
Bob Wise, Jr. 100%
Lynn Woolsey 100%
Albert Wynn 93%
Sidney Yates 78%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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