Letter to Honorable Alejandro Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security and Honorable Xavier Becerra, Secretary of Health and Human Services - Judiciary Committee Senators Slam Biden-Induced Border Crisis, Demand Information About Extent Of Crisis And Government Response

Letter

Dear Secretary Mayorkas and Secretary Becerra:
During the presidential transition, then-President elect Biden made it clear that once in
office, he would immediately begin rolling back immigration policies put in place to curtail illegal
immigration, ensure careful vetting of asylum applicants, and protect U.S. national security
interests. In keeping with this agenda, since January 20, President Biden and the Department of
Homeland Security (DHS) have been aggressively reversing previous policies and replacing them
with lax border security and enforcement policies that encourage immigrants to illegally migrate
to the United States. President Biden also lent his support to a sweeping immigration proposal
that, if passed, would grant mass amnesty with no strings attached to millions of illegal immigrants
in the United States. Worse, the White House-backed immigration proposal makes no effort
whatsoever to secure the southern border. Whether or not the Biden Administration wants to admit
it, these policies have created a crisis situation.1
Not surprisingly, these changes have been taken by many in Central and South America as
an open invitation to illegally cross the U.S.-Mexico border with an expectation that arriving in
the near future could mean an easy path to U.S. citizenship. Smugglers have been recruiting
increasingly large groups of as many as 1,000 or more people to bring across the border,
encouraging them to make the trip on the basis that the Biden Administration is easier on illegal
immigration than past administrations.2
The current crisis at the border was easily foreseeable given the policies advocated by
President Biden as a political candidate. Even before the prior administration left office, in
anticipation of the incoming Biden Administration, a surge in illegal immigration began to pick up the pace late last year, and it has escalated dramatically during the weeks since.3
This surge
includes a large number of unaccompanied minors who are overwhelming an already burdened
system.4 Press reports indicate that federal authorities have been actively setting up emergency
centers to house migrants, including special centers for unaccompanied minors, and are updating
policies to allow those apprehended crossing the border who are not subject to Title 42 to now be
quickly released into the U.S. Secretary Mayorkas recently accompanied a team of officials on a
trip to the border to assess what many now see as an escalating, but also self-induced, crisis.5
We
write to ask for details about the extent of the surge in illegal immigration at the U.S.-Mexico
border and the steps that DHS and HHS are taking to manage it.
The Extent of the Border Crisis
The numbers are staggering. According to U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP),
nearly 78,000 people were detained or arrested at the U.S.-Mexico border in January 2021.6
That
was the highest number recorded for the month of January at any point during the last decade, and
those numbers have only continued to climb.
7 CBP has now confirmed that it encountered over
100,000 migrants at the southern border in February.8 That's the highest number for the month of
February since 2006.9 During the first week of March, there were several days when U.S. agents
apprehended more than 4,000 migrants per day.
10

There also has been a drastic increase in the number of border crossings by unaccompanied
alien children (UAC). DHS personnel encountered more than 5,800 at the southwest land border
in January.11
That was about 90% higher than the number DHS personnel encountered at the
southwest border during the same month last year.12
As of the first week of March, unaccompanied
minors were crossing the border at a rate of about 350 per day, or about four times the rate recorded
in fall 2020.
13 Fox News recently reported that, according to one senior Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) official, "[t]he number of unaccompanied minors and families arriving at the
U.S.-Mexico border this year "are expected to be the highest numbers observed in over 20
years.'"
14
The dramatic rise in border crossings has significantly strained existing resources. CBP
recently set up a tent city in South Texas to house the growing number of illegal immigrants in
custody, and it is now considering plans to open additional facilities in Yuma and Tucson,
Arizona.15
The Biden Administration is using this influx to justify the implementation of "catch
and release" policies, where officials quickly release migrants into the United States rather than
holding them in custody. Consistent with this approach, the administration is now reportedly
considering a plan to rename emergency facilities "reception centers."16
According to one official,
the goal is to release people "as fast as possible," at times even directly from Border Patrol stations
and, if an area "gets overcrowded," the instructions to ICE are to "bus them further into the interior
of the United States."17 These sorts of policies are totally unacceptable.
Catch-and-release policies pose additional risks to public health in the midst of the ongoing
COVID-19 pandemic. The Biden Administration has expressed a purported commitment to
ending the pandemic; however, news reports suggest that it now plans to keep some who are
apprehended by DHS personnel in custody for just 72 hours before releasing them into American
communities.18
Furthermore, according to reports, in the event that processing centers become
filled to capacity, there are plans to allow some detainees to complete their 72 hour wait in
designated hotels in American cities such as McAllen and El Paso, Texas, and Phoenix, Arizona.
19

Given the estimated two to fourteen day incubation period for COVID-19, it is unclear how
DHS is able to establish after just zero to three days whether or not individuals who have recently
crossed the border, some with recent and extensive exposure to large groups of people under harsh
conditions, pose a risk of spreading the virus. Indeed, it appears that DHS may be offering no such
assurances. According to reports, ICE agents have knowingly released multiple asylum seekers
into the U.S. after they have tested positive for COVID-19. Unaccompanied Alien Children
Last month, the Biden Administration decided to exempt unaccompanied minors from Title
42 of the Public Health Safety Act, meaning that children under the age of eighteen who are
apprehended crossing the border without a parent or legal guardian can no longer be legally
expelled and must instead be sent to an HHS facility within 72 hours.21

That decision, of course, has offered a fresh incentive for families to send their children on
the extremely dangerous journey to cross the border alone, and has contributed to the rapidly
increasing number of UAC border crossings. An influx of unaccompanied alien children (UAC)
is now imposing an increasingly heavy burden on existing HHS resources. A March 2 briefing for
President Biden outlined a need for 20,000 additional beds to shelter an expected flood of child
migrants.22
As the number of UAC in custody has outstripped capacity, the Biden Administration
has been opening additional emergency centers in order to house them. For example, federal
agencies have determined to use the Kay Bailey Hutchison Convention Center in Dallas for up to
three months to house as many as 3,000 unaccompanied immigrant boys aged 15-17.23
The surge
of UAC now reaches Midland, Texas, where teenage boys are being moved "in buses overnight"
to holding facilities.24
The city of Midland was blindsided by the news. Midland Mayor Patrick
Payton, who was not even consulted or notified in advance, described the sudden arrival of the
migrants as "the strangest, most backward, disrespectful thing [he recalls seeing]… in a very long
time."25
Additionally, the recently opened facility in Carrizo Springs, Texas that Secretary
Mayorkas visited reportedly holds up to 700 children between ages 13 and 17.26
According to
reports, the cost to taxpayers of emergency facilities such as the one at Carrizo Springs is
approximately $775 a day per child.27

As the Biden Administration continues to search for ad hoc solutions to the worsening
crisis, it has sent conflicting signals about whether it will reopen a facility in Homestead, Florida
that was closed by the Trump Administration.28
HHS is also considering proposals to open
facilities at NASA's Moffett Federal Airfield in California and Fort Lee, a U.S. Army base in Virginia.
29
Such moves are unprecedented and likely to create novel and complex logistical
challenges.
On March 11, the Biden Administration terminated an April 13, 2018, Memorandum of
Agreement between the Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Refugee
Resettlement (ORR), ICE, and CBP which ensured that potential UAC sponsors were carefully
and thoroughly vetted for any potential criminal concerns before receiving a child from ORR.
30

As sponsor vetting requirements are relaxed and as placement services are fast-tracked to handle
the growing influx of UAC, it is unclear how DHS and HHS will ensure that measures taken to
expedite the process do not lower safeguards put in place to ensure the safety of minors.
Addressing the Border Crisis
When asked during a recent press conference whether there is a crisis at the U.S.-Mexico
border, Secretary Mayorkas emphatically answered, "no."31
He further stated, "I think there is a
challenge at the border that we are managing, and we have our resources dedicated to managing
it."32
Unfortunately, it is clear that Secretary Mayorkas and the Biden Administration view the
flood of illegal immigration resulting from their policies as a process to be managed rather than
stopped.
It is therefore not surprising that despite the dramatic rise in illegal immigration, the Biden
Administration has decided to aggressively press forward with plans to end the previous
administration's "Remain in Mexico" policy. This process, which is already underway, involves
bringing an estimated 25,000 additional asylum seekers from Mexico into the United States to
await their court hearings, potentially years into the future.
33
Regardless of what the Biden Administration wants to call this current set of circumstances
it has created, this surge in illegal immigration carries significant risks. It also imposes a heavy
burden on public resources. Congress and the American people must have additional clarity about
how DHS and HHS are addressing it. Accordingly, we ask that you answer the following questions no later than April 2, 2021.
1. How many migrants has CBP encountered at the U.S.-Mexico border since January
20, 2021? Please provide daily totals and a breakdown of those apprehended by age
and nationality. Among this group:
a. How many have been classified as unaccompanied alien children?
b. How many have been exempted from Title 42?
c. How many have claimed asylum?
d. How many have been screened by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services for
credible fear?
e. How many have been tested for COVID-19 in total?
f. Of the migrants who have been released into the interior of the United States, how
many have been tested for COVID-19?
g. How many have received a COVID-19 vaccine?
h. How many have been apprehended as part of large groups of 100 or more people?
2. Among those who have been tested for COVID-19:
a. How long after entering DHS custody were they tested?
b. How long after testing negative must individuals wait before they are released
into the U.S.?
c. Among those released into the U.S. after receiving a negative COVID-19 test,
what follow-up does DHS do to ensure that they do not subsequently test
positive?
d. How many have tested positive for COVID-19?
e. When an individual tests positive for COVID-19, what is the procedure DHS is
following to ensure their health and safety and the health and safety of others?
f. How many of those who have tested positive for COVID-19 have required
hospitalization?
g. How many have been identified as being part of clusters of other patients who
have tested positive for COVID-19?
h. What steps is DHS taking to trace the movements of those who have tested
positive and identify other possible cases during the period where they were likely
to have been infectious?
3. Among those who have been apprehended as part of large groups of 100 or more
people, how many have tested positive for COVID-19?
4. Please describe any current plans developed by DHS to safeguard American
communities receiving migrants released from DHS custody from the spread of
COVID-19.
5. Among those migrants listed as unaccompanied alien children:
a. How many have been held at CBP facilities for longer than 72 hours? b. How many are in HHS facilities where CDC guidelines to prevent the spread of
COVID-19 have been relaxed?
6. Following the termination of the April 13, 2018, Memorandum of Agreement
between ORR, ICE, and CBP, what steps are being taken to ensure that weaker
vetting requirements don't endanger the safety of minors?
7. What is the medical basis for not subjecting unaccompanied alien children to the Title
42 prohibition on entry, while keeping the Title 42 entry prohibition in place against
other categories of aliens?
8. Regarding aliens waiting in Mexico under the Migrant Protection Protocols and who
are currently being released into the United States:
a. Are those aliens being paroled into the United States, and if so, may they apply
for employment authorization?
b. Are those aliens being released with a Notice to Appear in immigration court, and
if so, how far out is the furthest date for such appearance that has been included in
such a Notice?
9. How many migrants does DHS currently project will cross the border this year? Of
those, how many does DHS expect will be unaccompanied alien children? Please
provide copies of all presentations or reports that have been prepared by DHS
containing information related to the current and projected number of border
crossings.
10. Please provide a complete list of the current DHS or HHS facilities used to house
UAC. With your response, for each facility on the list, please include: 1) the current
number of UAC and staff, as well as maximum occupancy levels allowed under
COVID-19 restrictions; 2) a detailed description of what, if any, COVID-19 protocols
were changed in order to make room for additional UAC; 3) a copy of the facility's
operational plan to test for and prevent the spread of COVID-19; 4) a breakdown of
monthly operating costs.
11. Please provide a list of facilities that DHS and HHS plan to open in the future in order
to house migrants and UAC, including their intended operating capacities under
normal conditions and under current COVID-19 restrictions. How many facilities do
DHS and HHS currently plan to open, and how many do you project that they will
need to open by the end of 2021?
12. Is DHS currently working to co-locate HHS personnel to U.S. Border Patrol stations?
13. Please describe any plans for HHS personnel to match unaccompanied children with
sponsors while they are still held at DHS facilities.
14. On March 8, Secretary Mayorkas sent an email to the DHS workforce in which he
stated that he had "activated the Volunteer Force to support Customs and Border Protection (CBP) as they face a surge in migration along the Southwest Border." The
email also described the number of migrants showing at the southern border as
"overwhelming."
a. From which agencies are these volunteers being pulled, and what analysis has
been done regarding the additional strain that this action will put on those
agencies?
b. What is the level of exposure that this Volunteer Force will have to illegal
immigrants who may have COVID-19?
c. What specific role with this Volunteer Force be fulfilling, how long will they
be deployed, and what is the additional cost that the taxpayer will bear as a
result of this deployed force?
Thank you for your attention to this important matter. Should you have questions, please
contact Daniel Parker or Drew Robinson of Ranking Member Grassley's staff at 202-224-5225.
Sincerely