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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

results per page:
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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Sept. 12, 2023 CA SB 2 Amends Penal Code Related to Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
Sept. 7, 2023 CA AB 28 Establishes an 11% Tax on Firearm and Ammunition Purchases in California Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
Sept. 6, 2023 CA SJR 7 Establishes Various State Gun Control Measures Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
July 25, 2023 ME LD 582 Expands Penalties for Possession of Firearms by Prohibited Persons Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 5)
June 14, 2023 ME LD 52 Authorizes Certain Employees to Carry Firearms on School Property "Ought Not to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (22 - 13)
June 6, 2023 LA SB 56 Extends and Reinstates the Second Amendment Sales Tax Holiday Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
June 5, 2023 LA HB 464 Prohibits Possession of Firearms by Convicted Felons Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
June 4, 2023 LA HB 247 Establishes a $500 Tax Credit for Individuals to Purchase Firearm Safety Devices Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
May 25, 2023 CA SB 2 Amends Penal Code Related to Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 9)
May 18, 2023 IL HB 218 Amends the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act to Include Firearm Industry Members Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 22)
May 16, 2023 AK HB 61 Limits State Restrictions on Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
May 15, 2023 NV AB 354 Prohibits Firearms Within 100 Feet of Election Locations Bill Passed - Senate (12 - 8)
May 15, 2023 NV AB 355 Increases Age to Purchase an Assault Weapon to 21 Bill Passed - Senate (12 - 8)
May 3, 2023 DE SB 2 Prohibits Handgun Ownership Without a Permit Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
May 2, 2023 VT H 230 Establishes New Restrictions on Firearm Purchase to Prevent Suicide Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 9)
April 28, 2023 CO SB 23-279 Prohibits the Sale of Unserialized Firearms Commonly Known as "Ghost Guns" Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 12)
April 26, 2023 IN HB 1177 Authorizes Teachers to Keep Firearms in Classrooms Conference Report Adopted - Senate (41 - 8)
April 26, 2023 OH SB 58 Exempts Firearms from Liability Insurance Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
April 25, 2023 NV SB 294 Requires Licensed Gun Dealers Provide a Locking Device with Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
April 21, 2023 MT SB 359 Prohibits the Tracking of Firearms Sales by Financial Institutions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 13)
April 20, 2023 NV SB 171 Prohibits Individuals Convicted of Committing or Attempting to Commit a Hate Crime from Owning a Firearm Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 8)
April 19, 2023 NE LB 77 Authorizes Legal Gun Owners to Conceal Carry Without a Permit Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
April 18, 2023 TN HB 1189 Establishes Legal Protections for Gun Dealers, Manufacturers and Sellers Against Lawsuits Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 9)
April 14, 2023 WA SB 5231 Amends Legal Process for Emergency No Contact Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
April 13, 2023 WA SB 5006 Amends Firearm Waiver Rights for At-Risk Individuals Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
April 12, 2023 AZ HB 2394 Prohibits Any County or Municipality in Arizona from Enacting New Taxes, Levies or Fees on Firearms or Ammunition Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
April 10, 2023 MD SB 1 Prohibits Open Carry in the State and Restricts Places Where Firearms can be Carried Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 16)
April 7, 2023 MD SB 858 Defines Requirements Around Safe Storage of Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 12)
April 7, 2023 MD HB 824 Prohibits Certain Individuals on Probation from Receiving a Concealed Carry Permit Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 13)
April 5, 2023 ND HB 1339 Authorizes Citizens to Conceal Carry in North Dakota With a State Issued ID Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 2)
April 5, 2023 ND HB 1350 Establishes Places That a Person Can Carry a Concealed Weapon and Penalties for Armed Offenders Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 2)
April 5, 2023 ND HB 1340 Prohibits Local Governments from Enforcing Stricter Gun Laws then Passed by the State Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
March 30, 2023 FL HB 543 Authorizes Conceal Carry Without a Permit Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 13)
March 30, 2023 IL SB 754 Prohibits Purchase of Explosive Devices Without a Firearm Identification Card Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 16)
March 28, 2023 NC SB 41 Expands Conceal Carry Permits in School Zones Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
March 27, 2023 MS SB 2079 Authorizes School Employees to Concealed Carry Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 14)
March 23, 2023 MI SB 80 Increases Penalties for Crimes With Weapons Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
March 23, 2023 MI SB 79 Establishes Penalties for Improper Firearm Storage Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
March 21, 2023 MT HB 356 Prohibits the State from Contracting with Companies that Discriminate Against Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
March 20, 2023 IN HB 1365 Prohibits and Criminalizes "Machine-Gun Conversion" Devices Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 4)
March 16, 2023 NM HB 306 Prohibits Purchasing a Firearm for Someone Who is Not Allowed or Intends to Use it in a Crime Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
March 16, 2023 MI SB 86 Repeals Fee Requirements for Extreme Risk Protection Orders Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
March 16, 2023 MI SB 77 Amends Various State Handgun Laws Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
March 16, 2023 MI SB 85 Increases Penalties for False Statements in Support of Extreme Risk Protection Rrders Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
March 16, 2023 MI SB 76 Requires Safe Firearm Storage, Background Checks on Unlicensed Gun Sales and Extreme Risk Protection Orders Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
March 16, 2023 MI SB 82 Exempts Firearm Safety Devices from the State Use Tax Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 15)
March 16, 2023 MI SB 83 Establishes State Extreme Risk Protection Orders Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
March 16, 2023 MI SB 84 Prohibits Individuals with Extreme Risk Protection Orders from Purchasing Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
March 16, 2023 MI SB 81 Exempts Firearm Safety Devices from the State Sales Tax Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 15)
March 16, 2023 MI SB 78 Amends Sentencing Guidelines for Weapons Charges Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
March 15, 2023 KY HB 153 Prohibits Any Federal Ban or Regulation on Firearms Enacted in 2021 or After Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
March 13, 2023 AR HB 1307 Requires the State Divest from Financial Companies that Follow Certain Sociopolitical Guidelines Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
March 13, 2023 GA HB 147 Requires All Schools Submit School Safety Plans and Active Shooter Drills Annually Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 3)
March 13, 2023 CO SB 23-169 Increases Legal Age to Buy Firearms to 21 Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 15)
March 13, 2023 CO SB 23-168 Repeals Current Limits on Product Liability Actions Against Firearm Manufacturers Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
March 13, 2023 CO SB 23-170 Expands Access to Extreme Risk Protection Orders Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
March 6, 2023 ID S 1056 Repeals State Law that Prohibits Local Groups from Carrying Firearms in Public Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
March 3, 2023 NM HB 9 Establishes Negligently Leaving a Firearm Accessible for a Minor as a Crime Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 16)
March 3, 2023 UT HB 219 Establishes Utah as a Second Amendment Sanctuary State Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 6)
March 2, 2023 MT SB 361 Prohibits Firearm Discrimination By Any Individual or Business Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
March 1, 2023 UT HB 107 Repeals Fees for Conceal Carry Permits for School Employees Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 6)
March 1, 2023 AZ SB 1428 Prohibits Local Municipalities from Preventing Gun Shows Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
Feb. 28, 2023 IN SB 343 Amends Definitions of Machine-Guns for Increased Felony Penalties Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 10)
Feb. 21, 2023 AZ SB 1096 Prohibits Public Contracts of Over $100K that Do Not Include Firearm Protections Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
Feb. 16, 2023 NC SB 41 Expands Conceal Carry Permits in School Zones Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 19)
Jan. 24, 2023 WV SB 10 Authorizes College Campus Concealed-Carry Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
Jan. 9, 2023 IL HB 5471 Prohibits the Sale, Manufacture, Delivery and Purchase of Assault Weapons Across the State Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 20)
Date No. Title Outcome
9/12 SB 2 Amends Penal Code Related to Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
9/07 AB 28 Establishes an 11% Tax on Firearm and Ammunition Purchases in California Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
9/06 SJR 7 Establishes Various State Gun Control Measures Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
7/25 LD 582 Expands Penalties for Possession of Firearms by Prohibited Persons Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 5)
6/14 LD 52 Authorizes Certain Employees to Carry Firearms on School Property "Ought Not to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (22 - 13)
6/06 SB 56 Extends and Reinstates the Second Amendment Sales Tax Holiday Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
6/05 HB 464 Prohibits Possession of Firearms by Convicted Felons Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
6/04 HB 247 Establishes a $500 Tax Credit for Individuals to Purchase Firearm Safety Devices Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
5/25 SB 2 Amends Penal Code Related to Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 9)
5/18 HB 218 Amends the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act to Include Firearm Industry Members Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 22)
5/16 HB 61 Limits State Restrictions on Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
5/15 AB 354 Prohibits Firearms Within 100 Feet of Election Locations Bill Passed - Senate (12 - 8)
5/15 AB 355 Increases Age to Purchase an Assault Weapon to 21 Bill Passed - Senate (12 - 8)
5/03 SB 2 Prohibits Handgun Ownership Without a Permit Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
5/02 H 230 Establishes New Restrictions on Firearm Purchase to Prevent Suicide Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 9)
4/28 SB 23-279 Prohibits the Sale of Unserialized Firearms Commonly Known as "Ghost Guns" Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 12)
4/26 HB 1177 Authorizes Teachers to Keep Firearms in Classrooms Conference Report Adopted - Senate (41 - 8)
4/26 SB 58 Exempts Firearms from Liability Insurance Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
4/25 SB 294 Requires Licensed Gun Dealers Provide a Locking Device with Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
4/21 SB 359 Prohibits the Tracking of Firearms Sales by Financial Institutions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 13)
4/20 SB 171 Prohibits Individuals Convicted of Committing or Attempting to Commit a Hate Crime from Owning a Firearm Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 8)
4/19 LB 77 Authorizes Legal Gun Owners to Conceal Carry Without a Permit Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
4/18 HB 1189 Establishes Legal Protections for Gun Dealers, Manufacturers and Sellers Against Lawsuits Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 9)
4/14 SB 5231 Amends Legal Process for Emergency No Contact Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
4/13 SB 5006 Amends Firearm Waiver Rights for At-Risk Individuals Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
4/12 HB 2394 Prohibits Any County or Municipality in Arizona from Enacting New Taxes, Levies or Fees on Firearms or Ammunition Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
4/10 SB 1 Prohibits Open Carry in the State and Restricts Places Where Firearms can be Carried Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 16)
4/07 SB 858 Defines Requirements Around Safe Storage of Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 12)
4/07 HB 824 Prohibits Certain Individuals on Probation from Receiving a Concealed Carry Permit Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 13)
4/05 HB 1339 Authorizes Citizens to Conceal Carry in North Dakota With a State Issued ID Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 2)
4/05 HB 1350 Establishes Places That a Person Can Carry a Concealed Weapon and Penalties for Armed Offenders Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 2)
4/05 HB 1340 Prohibits Local Governments from Enforcing Stricter Gun Laws then Passed by the State Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
3/30 HB 543 Authorizes Conceal Carry Without a Permit Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 13)
3/30 SB 754 Prohibits Purchase of Explosive Devices Without a Firearm Identification Card Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 16)
3/28 SB 41 Expands Conceal Carry Permits in School Zones Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
3/27 SB 2079 Authorizes School Employees to Concealed Carry Conference Report Adopted - Senate (38 - 14)
3/23 SB 80 Increases Penalties for Crimes With Weapons Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
3/23 SB 79 Establishes Penalties for Improper Firearm Storage Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
3/21 HB 356 Prohibits the State from Contracting with Companies that Discriminate Against Firearms Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
3/20 HB 1365 Prohibits and Criminalizes "Machine-Gun Conversion" Devices Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 4)
3/16 HB 306 Prohibits Purchasing a Firearm for Someone Who is Not Allowed or Intends to Use it in a Crime Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
3/16 SB 86 Repeals Fee Requirements for Extreme Risk Protection Orders Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
3/16 SB 77 Amends Various State Handgun Laws Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
3/16 SB 85 Increases Penalties for False Statements in Support of Extreme Risk Protection Rrders Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
3/16 SB 76 Requires Safe Firearm Storage, Background Checks on Unlicensed Gun Sales and Extreme Risk Protection Orders Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
3/16 SB 82 Exempts Firearm Safety Devices from the State Use Tax Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 15)
3/16 SB 83 Establishes State Extreme Risk Protection Orders Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
3/16 SB 84 Prohibits Individuals with Extreme Risk Protection Orders from Purchasing Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
3/16 SB 81 Exempts Firearm Safety Devices from the State Sales Tax Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 15)
3/16 SB 78 Amends Sentencing Guidelines for Weapons Charges Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
3/15 HB 153 Prohibits Any Federal Ban or Regulation on Firearms Enacted in 2021 or After Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
3/13 HB 1307 Requires the State Divest from Financial Companies that Follow Certain Sociopolitical Guidelines Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
3/13 HB 147 Requires All Schools Submit School Safety Plans and Active Shooter Drills Annually Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 3)
3/13 SB 23-169 Increases Legal Age to Buy Firearms to 21 Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 15)
3/13 SB 23-168 Repeals Current Limits on Product Liability Actions Against Firearm Manufacturers Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 14)
3/13 SB 23-170 Expands Access to Extreme Risk Protection Orders Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 13)
3/06 S 1056 Repeals State Law that Prohibits Local Groups from Carrying Firearms in Public Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
3/03 HB 9 Establishes Negligently Leaving a Firearm Accessible for a Minor as a Crime Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 16)
3/03 HB 219 Establishes Utah as a Second Amendment Sanctuary State Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 6)
3/02 SB 361 Prohibits Firearm Discrimination By Any Individual or Business Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
3/01 HB 107 Repeals Fees for Conceal Carry Permits for School Employees Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 6)
3/01 SB 1428 Prohibits Local Municipalities from Preventing Gun Shows Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
2/28 SB 343 Amends Definitions of Machine-Guns for Increased Felony Penalties Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 10)
2/21 SB 1096 Prohibits Public Contracts of Over $100K that Do Not Include Firearm Protections Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
2/16 SB 41 Expands Conceal Carry Permits in School Zones Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 19)
1/24 SB 10 Authorizes College Campus Concealed-Carry Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
1/09 HB 5471 Prohibits the Sale, Manufacture, Delivery and Purchase of Assault Weapons Across the State Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 20)
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