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Jesse Jackson, Jr.'s Issue Positions (Political Courage Test)

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Official Position: Candidate addressed this issue directly by taking the Political Courage Test.

Inferred Position: Candidate refused to address this issue, but Vote Smart inferred this issue based on the candidate's public record, including statements, voting record, and special interest group endorsements.

Unknown Position: Candidate refused to address this issue, or we could not infer an answer for this candidate despite exhaustive research of their public record.

Additional Information: Click on this icon to reveal more information about this candidate's position, from their answers or Vote Smart's research.

Other or Expanded Principles & Legislative Priorities are entered exactly as candidates submit them. Vote Smart does not edit for misspelled words, punctuation or grammar.

Jesse Jackson, Jr. refused to tell citizens where he stands on any of the issues addressed in the 2012 Political Courage Test, despite repeated requests from Vote Smart, national media, and prominent political leaders.

What is the Political Courage Test?

Issue Positions

For Presidential and Congressional candidates who refuse to provide voters with their positions, Vote Smart has researched their public records to determine their likely responses. These issue positions are from 2012.

  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "b) Abortions should always be legally available."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "a) Abortions should always be illegal."
  • Planned Parenthood. Project Vote Smart: Interest Group Endorsements. 04/18/2012. Planned Parenthood endorsed Jesse Jackson in the 2012 general election. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "g) Prohibit the late-term abortion procedure known as "partial-birth" abortion."
  • Family Research Council. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the Family Research Council 6 percent in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 3660. 106th Congress. Ban on Partial-Birth/Late Term Abortion. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 04/05/2000. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. H Amdt 1017. 106th Congress. Abortion Funding Amendment. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 07/20/2000. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 3. 112th Congress. Prohibiting Taxpayer Funding of Abortion. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 05/04/2011. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 748. 109th Congress. Child Interstate Abortion Notification Act. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 04/27/2005. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. H Amdt 187. 105th Congress. Overseas Military Facilities Abortion Amendment. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 06/19/1997. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. H Amdt 509. 111th Congress. Prohibiting Federally Funded Abortion Services. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 11/07/2009. (votesmart.org)
  • NARAL Pro-Choice America. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the NARAL Pro-Choice America 100 percent in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 3682. 106th Congress. Child Custody Protection Act. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 07/15/1998. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. H Amdt 95. 112th Congress. Prohibiting Use of Federal Funds For Planned Parenthood. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 02/18/2011. (votesmart.org)
  • National Right to Life Committee. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the National Right to Life Committee 0 percent in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • Planned Parenthood. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of Planned Parenthood 100 percent in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. S 403. 110th Congress. Child Interstate Abortion Notification Act. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 09/26/2006. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. H Amdt 156. 106th Congress. Overseas Military Abortion Amendment. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 06/09/1999. (votesmart.org)
  • National Organization for Women. 04/18/2012. "On the votes used to calculate its ratings, the National Organization for Women attaches more value to those votes it considers more important. For 2008, the National Organization for Women gave Jesse Jackson a rating of 100 percent." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. H Amdt 722. 106th Congress. Oversea Military Abortions Amendment. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 05/18/2000. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. H Amdt 882. 106th Congress. Prison Abortion Funding Amendment. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 06/22/2000. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 6099. 110th Congress. Abortion Pain Bill. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 12/06/2006. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. H Amdt 643. 106th Congress. Abortion Private Funding Restoration Amendment. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 05/20/1998. (votesmart.org)
  • Planned Parenthood. Project Vote Smart: Interest Group Endorsements. 04/18/2012. Planned Parenthood endorsed Jesse Jackson in the 2010 general election. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. H AMDT 209. 109th Congress. Overseas Military Facilities Abortion Amendment. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 05/25/2005. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "f) Eliminate public funding for abortions and public funding of organizations that advocate or perform abortions."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "h) Prohibit public funding of abortions and public funding of organizations that advocate or perform abortions."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "a) Abortions should always be legally available."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "e) Abortions should always be illegal."
  • Peace Action. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the Peace Action 88 percent in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. H Con Res 28. 112th Congress. Removing Troops from Afghanistan. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 03/17/2011. (votesmart.org)
  • Peace Action West. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of Peace Action West 88 percent in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Budget Control Act of 2011. 28 July 2011. "The problem, Mr. Chairman, is not that we spend. It's that we don't honor our obligations. We are a Nation that spends billions of dollars to put a man on the Moon, fund the war in Afghanistan, fund the war in Iraq, but we can't find the money in this Congress to put a man on his own two feet right here in America." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Letter to Co-Chairs and Members of the Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction. 21 September 2011. "To generate much-needed savings, we strongly urged you to examine the costs of the ongoing wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. To date, the wars have cost our taxpayers at least $2.3 trillion, with an additional $884 billion in future costs for veterans and their families. This adds up to a total of at least $3.2 trillion. By ending the wars and paying for a safe, orderly, and responsible redeployment of troops from both Afghanistan and Iraq, we can go a long way toward meeting our fiscal challenges." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Rep. Jackson Calls for Real Compromise on Spending. 6 April 2011. "Mr. Speaker, yesterday my Republican colleagues introduced a continuing resolution that would increase the defense budget for the entire year, while funding the rest of the government for just one week and drastically cutting just about every other vital program. That's no compromise. For months, the Republicans have said that as we reduce spending, everyone has to take a haircut - including the Department of Defense. But now, the Republicans propose increasing military spending." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 5631. 110th Congress. Department Defense Appropriations Act, FY 2007. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 09/26/2006. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 2561. 106th Congress. Defense Department Appropriations bill, FY2000. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 07/22/1999. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. H Amdt 13. 112th Congress. Reducing Navy and Air Force Aircraft Procurement. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 02/15/2011. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 4986. 110th Congress. Defense Authorizations Bill. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 01/16/2008. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 2642. 110th Congress. Funding for Operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 06/19/2008. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 4200. 108th Congress. Defense Department FY2005 Authorization Bill. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 05/20/2004. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 3222. 110th Congress. Department of Defense Appropriations, Fiscal Year 2008. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 08/05/2007. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 4939. 110th Congress. Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2006. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 06/13/2006. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 1363. 112th Congress. 2011 Department of Defense Budget and Additional Continuing Appropriations. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 04/07/2011. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 5631. 110th Congress. Defense Department FY2007 Appropriations Bill. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 06/20/2006. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 5010. 108th Congress. Department of Defense Appropriations, Fiscal Year 2003. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 10/10/2002. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Letter to Members of the Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction. 13 October 2011. "You have a unique opportunity to bring our defense spending in line with our legitimate national defense needs while getting our nation on the path to a balanced budget free of deficit. As former Secretary of Defense Robert Gates noted last year, paraphrasing President Dwight D. Eisenhower, The United States should spend as much as necessary on national defense, but not one penny more. [...] The June 2010 report of the Sustainable Defense Task Force detailed proposals to reduce our nuclear stockpile substantially, realizing savings of over $100 billion without compromising our national security. The report proposed over $960 billion in defense department savings over the next decade. [...] There are multiple reforms proposed that would save hundreds of billions of dollars over the next decade. The Bowles-Simpson commission outlined $750 billion in suggested defense cuts in the next decade. Former Assistant Secretary of Defense Lawrence Korb has proposed $1 trillion in cuts to the Pentagon over the next 10-12 years. These reductions in defense spending would come out of $6.5 trillion in proposed spending between 2011 and 2020 [¦] Bringing our defense spending in line with our legitimate security needs must be considered along with other measures to regain our economic footing." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Selected "No" for: "6) Do you support requiring a super-majority vote in both houses of Congress to raise taxes?"
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 1836. 107th Congress. Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act, 2001. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 05/16/2001. (votesmart.org)
  • Citizens for Tax Justice. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the Citizens for Tax Justice 100 percent in 2006." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Partnership “ Not Privatization. 23 February 2010. "As for a tax increase, I'm not opposed to tax hikes. But they can and in some cases should be tied to PPP in order to maximize the public investment with the goal of the private sector providing jobs for all Illinoisans [¦] The city or the state should also consider 'targeted tax increases.'" (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Letter to the Honorable Nancy Pelosi, Speaker of the House of Representatives. 9 December 2010. "We oppose acceding to Republican demands to extend the Bush tax cuts to millionaires and billionaires for two reasons. First, it is fiscally irresponsible. Adding more than $900 billion to our national debt, as this proposal would do, handcuffs our ability to offer a balanced plan to achieve fiscal stability without a punishing effect on our current commitments, including Social Security and Medicare. Second, it is grossly unfair. This proposal will hurt, not help, the majority of Americans in the middle class and those working hard to get there. Even as Republicans seek to add billions more to our national debt in tax cuts to the wealthy, they oppose extending unemployment benefits to workers and resist COLA increases to seniors." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Selected "Greatly Increase" for: "1) Indicate the levels you support concerning taxes in the following categories. Select one number (level) only. e) Family income over $150,000"
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Selected "No" for: "3) Do you support eliminating the Internal Revenue Service?"
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Selected "Slightly Increase" for: "Using the key below, indicate what levels you support concerning taxes, deductions, and tax credits in the following categories. Select one number per tax. d) Over $150,000" Income Taxes - Family Income Other or expanded principles: "Over $10 million."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Selected "Greatly Increase" for: "1) Indicate the levels you support concerning taxes in the following categories. Select one number (level) only. k) Corporate income taxes"
  • Jesse Jackson. Politico: Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr. Likens Obama to Reagan. 10 December 2010. "If we cut taxes for the wealthy, while maintaining massive military spending in support of two wars, then the new Republican Congress will be empowered to cut social programs in order to reduce the deficit [¦] So it will be a choice between cutting programs for the poor, children, the unemployed, the uninsured and veterans or allowing deficits to pile up. That was President Reagan's strategy: A 'starve the beast' plan of lowered taxes and increased military spending that would force Congress to make deep cuts in program for the most vulnerable." (www.politico.com)
  • Americans for Tax Reform. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the Americans for Tax Reform 0 percent in 2007." (votesmart.org)
  • National Taxpayers Union. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported reasonable tax and spending policies as defined by the National Taxpayers Union 7 percent of the time in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 1424. 110th Congress. Financial Asset Purchase Authority and Tax Law Amendments. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 10/03/2008. (votesmart.org)
  • Americans for Prosperity. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the Americans for Prosperity 0 percent in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • The Club for Growth. 04/18/2012. "On the votes used to calculate its ratings, The Club for Growth attaches more value to those votes it considers more important. For 2010, The Club for Growth gave Jesse Jackson a rating of 0 percent." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 5297. 112th Congress. Small Business Lending Fund and Tax Law Amendments. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 09/23/2010. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Jackson on SOTU: Ending Unemployment is Different than Creating Jobs. 25 January 2011. "The Congress has very limited power to create jobs using the familiar means of tax credits and other incentives to the private sector. Those levers may create a few jobs at the margins - it may be one of many reasons that a company decides to build a factory somewhere - but they will not spur widespread job creation." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. ABC: Jesse Jackson Jr. Says Private Sector Hoarding $2.5 Trillion. 22 October 2011. "Giving them more tax breaks and more incentives to do what they are not doing is ridiculous. The fastest and most efficient way to hire, and put the American people to work, is for a government of, for, and by the people to hire the unemployed." (abclocal.go.com)
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "a) Provide tax credits for companies that move job-creating industries into areas with high unemployment."
  • John King. Real Clear Politics: Interview with Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr. 9 September 2010. "The president is proposing more tax breaks for small businesses but the question is whether those tax breaks will put Americans back to work." (www.realclearpolitics.com)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 2488. 106th Congress. Financial Freedom Act of 1999. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 08/05/1999. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 2. 108th Congress. Jobs and Economic Growth bill. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 05/23/2003. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Unemployment. 2 March 2011. "Congress can offer incentives for the private sector to create jobs, but Congress cannot create jobs unless Congress is going to hire everybody, which, Mr. Speaker, is not necessarily a bad idea of Congress hiring everybody." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "g) Give all federal education funding to states in the form of block grants and allow them to spend it as they see fit."
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Issue Position: Education. "Education is the key to improving the quality of life for millions of Americans who grow up in communities such as the South Side and south suburbs, where economic opportunity is scarce. Congressman Jackson believes that both additional resources and accountability are necessary, so that schools that have been failing can begin to meet higher standards. In addition, Congressman Jackson has proposed a constitutional amendment that would guarantee the right to an education of equal high quality to all Americans." (votesmart.org)
  • Stacey-Ann Facey. Jesse Jackson and the Race to the Top education program. 21 June 2012. "According to Jackson, this contest was not completely effective because it 'provided support to some but not others.' He also argues that Race to the Top did not tackle the 'structural inequities that make separate and unequal education a persistent fact of life in America today.' Jackson also points out that Race to the Top and other competitive grant programs are created to assist those 'who can run.' As a result, certain schools are left behind and are unable to provide quality education for their students. The Race to the Top contest, says Jackson, is supposed to promote higher academic standards by improving low performing schools, enhancing student and teacher evaluations, and employing competent teachers and principals. He boldly shares that this policy was unsuccessful and served as 'only a band-aid for some.'" (www.examiner.com)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Proposed Amendments to the Constitution. 30 March 2011. "I believe these rights should be given to the American people as a matter of moral and social justice. However, even more than that, I believe that there's a strong economic case for why these rights should be granted by this Congress. If we guarantee the right to an education of equal high quality to every American, and give the Congress the power to implement that right by appropriate legislation, then, Mr. Speaker, we will set off a true race to the top as States, cities, and the Federal Government are compelled to meet under the standard. The nature of the problem: in 50 States there are 95,000 schools. There are 15,000 school districts; 3,141 counties; 19,000 municipal governments, and 30,000 incorporated cities. In all of that government there are 60 million children who are being asked to be the very best that they can be. With my amendment, that means more teachers and teachers' aides and tutors for our kids." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 2300. 106th Congress. Academic Achievement for All Act. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 10/21/1999. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Issue Position: Education. "Education is the cornerstone to building America's future. We must make a national commitment to education by strengthening our schools, fully funding special education, and modernizing our classrooms. At the same time, we must work to reduce class size, put in place the means for students to attain higher education, and make sure that we have the best trained, most qualified teachers in the world...The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) provides approximately $100 billion for education, creating a historic opportunity to save hundreds of thousands of jobs, support states and school districts, and advance reforms and improvements that will create long-lasting results for our students and our nation including early learning, K-12, and post-secondary education. U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan today announced that $44 billion in stimulus funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) will be available to states by May. The first round of funding will help avert hundreds of thousands of estimated teacher layoffs in schools and school districts while driving crucial education improvements, reforms, and results for students." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "i) Eliminate restrictions on federal education funding, giving educators or local school districts more flexibility to design and implement their programs."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Selected "Greatly Increase" for: "1) Indicate what levels of federal funding you support for the following categories. Select one number (level) only. c) Education (K-12)" 1) Indicate what levels of federal funding you support for the following categories. Select one number (level) only. Other or expanded principles: "Infrastructure"
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Selected "Greatly Increase" for: "1) Indicate what levels of federal funding you support for the following categories. Select one number (level) only. c) Education (K-12)"
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "a) Support national standards and testing in reading and math."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Selected "State" for: "Indicate which level of government that should have primary responsibility for the following services. Select one level only. c) Education"
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Selected "Greatly Increase" for: "1) Indicate what levels of federal funding you support for the following categories. Select one number (level) only. c) Education (K-12)" 1) Indicate what levels of federal funding you support for the following categories. Select one number (level) only. Other or expanded principles: "industrial R & D"
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "a) Support national standards and testing of public school students."
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 1230. 112th Congress. Offshore Leasing Act. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 05/05/2011. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "c) Support opening a select portion of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge for oil exploration."
  • Jesse Jackson. H Amdt 773. 112th Congress. Ending Moratorium on Deepwater Drilling Rigs that Meet Certain Safety Standards. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 07/30/2010. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 3534. 112th Congress. Offshore Drilling Regulations and Other Energy Law Amendments. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 07/30/2010. (votesmart.org)
  • Environment America. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of Environment America 100 percent in 2009." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "i) Promote the selling of pollution credits between nations to encourage industries to decrease pollution levels."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "j) Impose stricter national air quality standards."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "g) Strengthen emission controls on all gasoline or diesel-powered engines, including cars, trucks, and sport utility vehicles."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "k) Adhere to the United Nations treaty regarding global climate change."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "g) Strengthen emission controls on all gasoline or diesel powered engines, including cars and trucks."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "d) Support the U.S. re-entering the current Kyoto treaty process to limit global warming."
  • Sierra Club. Project Vote Smart: Interest Group Endorsements. 04/18/2012. Sierra Club endorsed Jesse Jackson in the 2004 general election. (votesmart.org)
  • League of Conservation Voters. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the League of Conservation Voters 100 percent in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 910. 112th Congress. Energy Tax Prevention Act. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 04/07/2011. (votesmart.org)
  • Sierra Club. Project Vote Smart: Interest Group Endorsements. 04/18/2012. Sierra Club endorsed Jesse Jackson in the 2010 general election. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 2454. 111th Congress. Energy and Environmental Law Amendments ("Cap and Trade"). Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 06/26/2009. (votesmart.org)
  • Environment America. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of Environment America 100 percent in 2009." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "a) Ban the sale or transfer of all forms of semi-automatic weapons."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "g) Require background checks on gun sales between private citizens at gun shows."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "d) Repeal federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of guns."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "i) Raise the minimum age for ownership of handguns from 18 to 21."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "a) Ban the sale or transfer of semi-automatic guns, except those used for hunting."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "e) Allow citizens to carry concealed guns."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "b) Maintain and strengthen the enforcement of existing federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of guns."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "b) Increase federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of firearms."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "f) Favor allowing citizens to carry concealed firearms."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "d) Ease federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of firearms."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "c) Maintain federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of firearms."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "h) Require a license for gun possession."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "c) Ease federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of guns."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "e) Repeal federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of firearms by law-abiding citizens."
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 125. 104th Congress. Gun Ban Repeal Act of 1995. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 03/22/1996. (votesmart.org)
  • Gun Owners of America. 04/18/2012. "In 2010 Gun Owners of America gave Jesse Jackson a grade of 18." (votesmart.org)
  • Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence 90 percent from 1988-2003 (Senate) or 1991-2003 (House)." (votesmart.org)
  • Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. Project Vote Smart: Interest Group Endorsements. 04/18/2012. Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence endorsed Jesse Jackson in the 2008 general election. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. S 397. 109th Congress. Firearms Manufacturers Protection Bill. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 10/20/2005. (votesmart.org)
  • Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. Project Vote Smart: Interest Group Endorsements. 04/18/2012. Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence endorsed Jesse Jackson in the 2010 general election. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 2122. 106th Congress. Mandatory Gun Show Background Check Act. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 06/18/1999. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. H AMDT 1156. 110th Congress. Trigger Lock Amendment. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 06/28/2006. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 6842. 110th Congress. Repealing Portions of the D.C. Firearm Ban. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 09/17/2008. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Republicans Give "Flip-Flop" a Bad Name. 29 September 2004. ""Today Republicans passed legislation to reduce restrictions on firearms; voted to repeal the ban on semi-automatic weapons; repeal the registration of guns; repeal the ban on handgun ammunition; and remove criminal penalties for possession of unregistered firearms. Republicans violated their 'sacred oath' to support 'states' rights,' therefore violating the citizens of the District of Columbia's right to self-determination with respect to guns...just because they could. Congress, in 1993, denied American citizens in DC the right to statehood and continues to deny them voting rights. DC's young people are fighting, dying and being wounded in Iraq and Afghanistan for democracy and self-determination...something they don't even have at home in DC! Republicans in Congress are exercising outside control over DC citizens, and DC citizens have limited means of fighting back since they have no voting representation in Congress." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Jackson Appeals For An End To Youth Violence. 1 April 2008. "The time has come for all citizens to do whatever is possible to protect our schools. As a lawmaker, I will fight for tougher laws to keep guns from the hands of gang members and young people. I will fight for prudent crime-fighting measures, such as new legislation that would require tracking numbers on all bullets [¦] My heart goes out to the families, and friends, and classmates of the 20 Chicago Public Schools students who have lost their lives to gunfire so far this school year. To you, I pledge my full support for the strongest measures possible to stop the senseless killing of our children." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "b) Implement a universal health care program to guarantee coverage to all Americans regardless of income." Indicate which principles you support (if any) regarding health issues. Other or expanded principles: "I have introduced legislation to add health care to the US Constitution as an American right."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "a) Providing health care is not a responsibility of the federal government."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "b) Implement a universal health care program to guarantee coverage to all Americans regardless of income."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "a) The federal government has no responsibility in providing health care."
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 2. 112th Congress. Repealing the Health Care Bill. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 01/19/2011. (votesmart.org)
  • American Public Health Association. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the American Public Health Association 100 percent in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Issue Position: Health Care. 26 October 2011. "The Obama-Biden plan provides affordable, accessible health care for all Americans, builds on the existing health care system, and uses existing providers, doctors, and plans. Under the Obama-Biden plan, patients will be able to make health care decisions with their doctors, instead of being blocked by insurance company bureaucrats. I support President Obama 100% in his efforts to reform our health care system. I agree that our health care system needs a complete overhaul and I am eager to help produce legislation to assist the President in this endeavor." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Repealing the Job-Killing Health Care Law Act. 19 January 2011. "Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong opposition to the H.R. 2 legislation that will repeal health care for nearly 32 million Americans. I have listened to my colleagues from the other side of the aisle in press conferences and throughout this debate state that the Affordable Care Act is 'job destroying' and 'budget busting.' We know from numerous reports that these statements are blatantly untrue." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Issue Position: Health Care. 26 October 2011. "Over the past year, a heated debate over how to reform health care culminated in the signing of the Affordable Care Act by President Obama. Congressman Jackson supported the bill, and believes it should be implemented as passed, so that the promise of health care reform can be fully realized. He also believes that a public option should be considered in the future, and supported such a provision when it was debated in Congress." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Jackson Calls Bill Signing a 'Shining, Defining Moment'. 23 March 2010. ""This is a shining, defining moment in our nation's history. We've reached at long last a day that was a century in the making -- a day when nearly every American has access to quality, affordable health care....Social Security reflected our nation's decency. Medicare reflected our compassion. And, now, heath care reform reflects our promise and character. This new law saves lives and perfects our Union. Today, we are a better, stronger, healthier and greater nation." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Checked SUPPORT for: "g) Allow legalization for certain illegal immigrants working in the U.S."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "f) Children of illegal immigrants, born in the United States, should not automatically receive U.S. citizenship."
  • Federation for American Immigration Reform. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the Federation for American Immigration Reform 0 percent in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 4437. 109th Congress. Border Security Bill. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 12/16/2005. (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 5281. 112th Congress. DREAM Act. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 12/08/2010. (votesmart.org)
  • National Latino Congreso/William C. Velásquez Institute. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of National Latino Congreso/William C. Velásquez Institute 100 percent in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. National Gay and Lesbian Task Force: African American Leaders Support Marriage Equality. 26 October 2011. "Human rights for all human beings is why gay, lesbian, bisexual or transgendered Americans deserve the same rights and protection under the law as other Americans. Gay and lesbian couples who make a life-long commitment to one another should receive the same legal rights and benefits of marriage that other couples receive. Gay and lesbian couples in long-term committed relationships deserve to be able to visit each other in the hospital, share health insurance coverage and get equal pensions and other survivor benefits if one spouse dies." www.thetaskforce.org/downloads/reports/reports/AALeadersMarriage.pdf.
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. eNotes: Gay Marriage “ At Issue. 26 October 2011. "All issues have a moral underpinning and a religious dimension to them, but in our secular society, religious institutions are under no moral, religious or legal obligation to perform or bless gay unions. Such institutions are free to either grant or withhold such celebrations and blessings." (www.enotes.com)
  • Human Rights Campaign. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the Human Rights Campaign 100 percent in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. H J Res 88. 110th Congress. Same-Sex Marriage Resolution. Jesse Jackson voted Nay on 07/18/2006. (votesmart.org)
  • Family Research Council. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the Family Research Council 0 percent in 2006." (votesmart.org)
  • Traditional Values Coalition. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the Traditional Values Coalition 14 percent in 2006" (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 2965. 112th Congress. Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act. Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 12/15/2010. (votesmart.org)
  • American Family Association. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the American Family Association 11 percent in 2010." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson. HR 3685. 110th Congress. Sexual Orientation Employment Nondiscrimination Act (ENDA). Jesse Jackson voted Yea on 11/07/2007. (votesmart.org)
  • American Civil Liberties Union. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the American Civil Liberties Union 100 percent in 2006." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Pelosi, Nadler, 130 House Members File Amicus Brief on Federal Case Against DOMA. 10 July 2012. "Heightened scrutiny applies: the brief agrees with Justice Department's position that lesbians and gay men are an identifiable minority group that lack sufficient political power to obtain the consistent and favorable treatment of lawmakers; as a result, they need the protection that heightened judicial review provides. Congress's treatment of gay men and lesbians illustrates that this group has been unable to prevent harmful laws or achieve desired policy results that directly impact their lives. Gay men and lesbians are a historically disfavored minority that has often been targeted for legislative action based on stereotypes and bias, making it inappropriate for courts to grant laws like DOMA the same presumption of validity afforded to most acts of Congress. Instead, laws that single out gay men and lesbians for harm warrant judicial skepticism and heightened review. This requires the government to show that Section 3 serves a significant federal interest, and even BLAG seems to concede that it loses under this standard. Even under rational basis as applied by the Supreme Court in cases where the rights of a minority are at stake, Section 3 is unconstitutional. Section 3 does not achieve, but undermines, the actual interests served by the programs that take marital status into account, and denying recognition to couples who already are married under state law does not rationally serve any of the reasons relied upon by Congress in 1996 or created in response to this litigation." (votesmart.org)
  • Joanna Weiss. Boston Globe: Jackson Opposes Gay Marriage Ban. 3 April 2004. "The Rev. Jesse L. Jackson, who has stopped short of endorsing gay marriage in the past, yesterday said he opposed a proposed state constitutional amendment that would outlaw gay marriage and create civil unions." (www.boston.com)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Letter to Chairman McKeon. 10 May 2011 "Among the many troubling aspects of the Detainee Security Act are provisions that expand the war against terrorist organizations on a global basis. The Authorization for the Use of Military Force (AUMF) of 2001 was widely thought to provide authorization for the war in Afghanistan to root out al Qaeda, the Taliban, and others responsible for the 9/11 attacks. That war has dragged on for almost ten years, and after the demise of Osama Bin Laden, as the United States prepares for withdrawal from Afghanistan, the Detainee Security Act purports to expand the 'armed conflict' against the Taliban, al Qaeda, and 'associated forces' without limit. By declaring a global war against nameless individuals, organizations, and nations 'associated'with the Taliban and al Qaeda, as well as those playing a supporting role in their efforts, the Detainee Security Act would appear to grant the President near unfettered authority to initiate military action around the world without further congressional approval. Such authority must not be ceded to the President without careful deliberation from Congress." (votesmart.org)
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. Letter to the Honorable Barack Obama. 12 June 2012. "This new authority is in stark contrast to what your Administration has previously claimed regarding its drone campaign: that they are targeted strikes against suspected terrorists on lists maintained by the CIA and JSOC. We are concerned that the use of such "signature" strikes could raise the risk of killing innocent civilians or individuals who may have no relationship to attacks on the United States. Our drone campaign already have virtually no transparency, accountability or oversight. We are further concerned about the legal grounds for such strikes under the 2011 Authorization for the Use of Military Force. The implications of the use of drones for our national security are profound. They are faceless ambassadors that cause civilian deaths, and are frequently the only direct contact with Americans that the targeted communities have. They can generate powerful and enduring anti-American sentiment." (kucinich.house.gov)
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "a) Allow workers to invest a portion of their payroll tax in private accounts which they manage."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "b) Allow workers to invest a portion of their payroll tax in private accounts managed by private firms contracted by the government."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 1998 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "b) Allow workers to invest a portion of their payroll tax in private accounts which are managed by the government."
  • Jesse Jackson. Project Vote Smart: 2002 Illinois Congressional Political Courage Test. Did Not Check SUPPORT for: "a) Allow workers to invest a portion of their payroll tax in private accounts which they manage themselves."
  • Jesse Jackson Jr. signed Progressive Change Campaign Committee: Socal Security Protectors. Social Security belongs to the people who have worked hard all their lives and contributed to it. Social Security is a promise that must not be broken. We need to strengthen Social Security, not cut it. That is why I oppose any cuts to Social Security benefits, including increasing the retirement age. I also oppose any effort to privatize Social Security, in whole or in part. (socialsecurityprotectors.co)
  • Alliance for Retired Americans. 04/18/2012. "Jesse Jackson supported the interests of the Alliance for Retired Americans 100 percent in 2008." (votesmart.org)
This candidate has responded to a Political Courage Test in a previous election. As a continued effort to provide the American public with factual information on candidates running for public office, these archived responses are made available here.
The Political Courage Test asks candidates which items they will support if elected. It does not ask them to indicate which items they will oppose. Through extensive research of public polling data, we discovered that voters are more concerned with what candidates would support when elected to office, not what they oppose. If a candidate does not select a response to any part or all of any question, it does not necessarily indicate that the candidate is opposed to that particular item.

Indicate which principles you support (if any) concerning abortion.

a) Abortions should always be illegal.
X b) Abortions should always be legally available.
c) Abortions should be legal only within the first trimester of pregnancy.
d) Abortions should be legal when the pregnancy resulted from incest or rape.
e) Abortions should be legal when the life of the woman is endangered.
f) Eliminate public funding for abortions and public funding of organizations that advocate or perform abortions.
g) Other or expanded principles

Budgetary PrioritiesUsing the key below, indicate what levels of federal funding you support for the following general categories. Select one number per category.

Slightly Increase Funding a) Agricultural
Slightly Increase Funding b) Arts
Slightly Decrease Funding c) Defense
Greatly Increase Funding d) Education
Greatly Increase Funding e) Environmental
Greatly Increase Funding f) International Aid
Slightly Increase Funding g) Law Enforcement
Greatly Increase Funding h) Medical Research
Slightly Increase Funding i) National Aeronautical Space Administration (NASA)
Slightly Increase Funding j) National Parks
Greatly Increase Funding k) Public Health Services
Greatly Increase Funding l) Scientific Research
Slightly Increase Funding m) Terrorism Prevention
Slightly Increase Funding n) Transportation and Highway Infrastructure
Slightly Increase Funding o) Welfare
p) Other or expanded categories

Defense SpendingUsing the key below, indicate what levels of federal funding you support for the following categories. Select one number per category.

Greatly Increase Funding a) Armed Forces personnel training
Maintain Funding Status b) Covert intelligence operations
Greatly Decrease Funding c) Military hardware
Greatly Increase Funding d) Pay for active duty personnel
Eliminate Funding e) National Missile Defense Program
Slightly Increase Funding f) Programs to improve military retention rates
Maintain Funding Status g) Research and development of new weapons
Slightly Increase Funding h) Troop and equipment readiness
i) Other or expanded categories

TaxesUsing the key below, indicate what levels you support concerning taxes, deductions, and tax credits in the following categories. Select one number per tax.Income Taxes - Family IncomeIncome Taxes - Retiree IncomeOther TaxesDeductions/Credits

Eliminate a) Less than $25,000
Greatly Decrease b) $25,000 - $75,000
Slightly Decrease c) $75,000 - $150,000
Slightly Increase d) Over $150,000
Greatly Increase e) Other or expanded categories
f) Over $40, 000
g) Other or expanded categories
a) Alcohol taxes
b) Capital gains taxes
c) Cigarette taxes
d) Corporate taxes
e) Gasoline taxes
f) Inheritance taxes
g) Other or expanded categories
a) Charitable deductions
b) Medical expense deductions
c) Mortgage deductions
d) Child tax credit
e) Earned income tax credit
f) Student loan tax credit
g) Other or expanded categories
Over $10 million.

Taxes

Undecided 2) Should a married couple filing jointly pay the same taxes as if they were an unmarried couple filing separately?
Undecided 3) Would you use Social Security surpluses to balance the budget?
As a result of Bush's tax cuts - No. To invest in America's infrastructure that would have a good social & economic return on the investment - Maybe.

Indicate which principles you support (if any) regarding campaign finance and governmental reform issues.

X a) Support public taxpayer funding for congressional candidates who comply with campaign spending limits.
b) Increase the amount individuals are permitted to contribute to federal campaigns.
c) Prohibit Political Action Committee (PAC) contributions to candidates for federal office.
X d) Provide free or low-cost television advertising to candidates who agree to voluntary campaign spending limits.
X e) Ban unregulated soft money campaign contributions to political parties or committees.
f) Prohibit non-U.S. citizens from making soft money contributions to national parties or party committees.
X g) Require full disclosure of funding sources of issue advocacy commercials which appear within 60 days of an election.
h) Remove all contribution limits to federal candidates and parties.
i) Require congressional candidates to raise over half of their campaign money from their home state.
j) Require that unions give members the option of not having membership dues used for political purposes.
Yes k) Support the federal government mandate that creates national voting system standards.
No l) Do you support amending the Constitution to limit the number of terms that members of Congress can serve?
Yes m) Do you support voting on-line?
X n) Other or expanded principles
If I can be assured - beyond resonable doubt - that such a system is secure and foolproof.

Indicate which principles you support (if any) to address crime.

X a) Eliminate the use of the death penalty for federal crimes.
b) Increase spending to build more federal prisons.
c) Impose "truth in sentencing" for violent criminals so they serve full sentences with no chance of parole.
X d) Support programs to provide prison inmates with vocational and job-related skills and job-placement assistance when released.
X e) Support programs to provide prison inmates with drug and alcohol addiction treatment.
X f) Increase funding for community policing programs.
X g) Implement penalties other than incarceration for certain non-violent offenders.
X h) Require that crimes based on gender, sexual orientation, and disability be prosecuted as federal hate crimes.
X i) Enforcement of civil rights should primarily be the responsibility of the federal government.
j) Minors accused of a violent crime should be prosecuted as adults.
X k) Support programs that provide job training and placement services for at-risk youth.
X l) Other or expanded principles
The best solution to crime is employment, education, health care and affordable housing. Where communities have these things in good quantity and quality, violent crime is the rare exception.

Indicate which principles you support (if any) concerning illegal drugs.

a) Increase penalties for selling illegal drugs.
b) Support mandatory jail sentences for selling illegal drugs.
X c) Expand federally sponsored drug education and drug treatment programs.
X d) Decriminalize the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes.
e) Increase border security to stop the flow of illegal drugs into the U.S.
f) Eliminate federal funding for programs associated with the "war on drugs."
g) Other or expanded principles

Indicate which principles you support (if any) concerning education.

a) Support national standards and testing of public school students.
b) Allow parents to use vouchers (equal opportunity scholarships) to send their children to any publicly-funded school.
c) Allow parents to use vouchers (equal opportunity scholarships) to send their children to any participating school: public, private or religious.
d) Support charter schools where teachers and professionals receive authorization and funding to establish new schools.
e) Increase funding for block grants to states to help them hire additional teachers.
f) Support teacher testing and reward teachers with merit pay.
X g) Increase funding for computers and computer training in public schools.
X h) Increase funding for school capital improvements (e.g. buildings and infrastructure).
i) Eliminate restrictions on federal education funding, giving educators or local school districts more flexibility to design and implement their programs.
X j) Increase funding of programs such as Pell grants and Stafford loans to help students pay for college.
X k) Support federal tax incentives to help families save for college.
l) Other or expanded principles

Indicate which principles you support (if any) regarding employment and affirmative action.

X a) Increase funding for national job-training programs that re-train displaced workers or teach skills needed in today's job market.
b) Reduce government regulation of the private sector in order to encourage investment and economic expansion.
X c) Establish empowerment zones in areas with large numbers of unemployed people.
X d) Provide tax credits for businesses that provide child care for their employees.
X e) Encourage employers to offer flex-time scheduling, comp-time, and unpaid leave for family emergencies.
f) Eliminate any federal programs designed to reduce unemployment.
X g) Increase the federal minimum wage.
X h) Considering race and gender in government contracting decisions is appropriate for the federal government.
X i) Include sexual orientation in federal anti-discrimination laws.
X j) Continue federal affirmative action programs.
k) Discontinue federal affirmative action programs.
X l) Other or expanded principles
I have introduced legislation to add employment to the U.S. Constitution as an American right.

Indicate which principles you support (if any) regarding America's environment and natural resources.

X a) Strengthen the regulation and enforcement of the Clean Water Act.
X b) Strengthen the regulation and enforcement of the Clean Air Act.
c) Support opening a select portion of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge for oil exploration.
X d) Support the U.S. re-entering the current Kyoto treaty process to limit global warming.
e) Require states to fully compensate citizens when environmental regulations limit uses of privately owned land.
X f) Promote increased use of alternative fuel technology.
X g) Strengthen emission controls on all gasoline or diesel-powered engines, including cars, trucks, and sport utility vehicles.
X h) Provide tax credits for state and local bonds to preserve open spaces, build parks, improve water quality and redevelop brownfields.
X i) Support the National Forest Protection and Restoration Act prohibiting commercial logging in our national forests.
j) Provide states and local communities with more flexibility to address their respective environmental problems.
k) Other or expanded principles

Indicate which principles you support (if any) concerning gun issues.

X a) Ban the sale or transfer of semi-automatic guns, except those used for hunting.
X b) Maintain and strengthen the enforcement of existing federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of guns.
c) Ease federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of guns.
d) Repeal federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of guns.
e) Allow citizens to carry concealed guns.
X f) Require manufacturers to provide child-safety locks on guns.
X g) Require background checks on gun sales between private citizens at gun shows.
X h) Require a license for gun possession.
X i) Raise the minimum age for ownership of handguns from 18 to 21.
j) Other or expanded principles

Indicate which principles you support (if any) regarding health issues.

a) Providing health care is not a responsibility of the federal government.
X b) Implement a universal health care program to guarantee coverage to all Americans regardless of income.
X c) Support a Patient's Bill of Rights to define and enforce the rights of insured patients, including greater access to specialists and emergency rooms, wider choice of health care providers, and appeal mechanisms when claims are denied.
X d) Support a Patient's Bill of Rights which includes the right to sue when claims are denied.
e) Support a Patient's Bill of Rights which includes the right to appeal to an administrative board of specialists when services are denied.
X f) Support legislation to provide prescription drug coverage under Medicare.
g) Increase research funding of the human genome to find cures for diseases such as cancer, AIDS/HIV, Alzheimer's, and heart disease.
X h) Increase federal funding for training health workers to recognize and respond to the release of biological agents.
X i) Prohibit the procedure of cloning human embryos.
X j) Other or expanded principles
I have introduced legislation to add health care to the US Constitution as an American right.

Indicate which principles you support (if any) regarding immigration.

a) Decrease the number of legal immigrants allowed into the country.
X b) Provide extra federal aid to states with higher numbers of immigrants for necessary medical and social services.
X c) Prohibit states from passing laws that deny human services (medical care, education) to illegal immigrants or their children.
d) Increase the immigration quota for computer scientists and other information technology workers.
e) Establish English as the official U.S. language.
f) Collect fingerprint data from all U.S. visa applicants which would be accessible to all federal immigration-related agencies.
X g) Allow legalization for certain illegal immigrants working in the U.S.
h) Other or expanded principles

International AidIndicate which principles (if any) you support regarding U. S. economic assistance.

X a) Aid should be granted to countries when extraordinary circumstances cause disaster and threaten civilian lives.
X b) Aid should be granted to countries when it is in the security interests of the U. S.
X c) Aid should be granted to countries that are close allies of the U. S. and in need of financial/military assistance.
d) Aid should be eliminated for any nation with documented human rights abuses.
e) Aid programs should be scaled back and eventually eliminated except for extraordinary circumstances.
f) Other or expanded principles

International PolicyIndicate which principles you support (if any) regarding the Middle East.Indicate which principles you support (if any) regarding the United States-United Nations relationship.

X a) The U.S. should take military action against Iraq only as part of an international effort.
b) The U.S. should end the economic embargo against Iraq.
c) The U.S. should not continue to play a prominent leadership role in the peace process between Israel and the Palestine Authority.
X d) The U.S. should support the formation of a Palestinian state.
e) Other or expanded principles
a) The U.S. should participate in United Nations peacekeeping missions only when vital U.S. interests are involved.
b) The U.S. should not commit military troops to United Nations peacekeeping missions.
c) The U.S. should withdraw completely from the United Nations.
d) Other or expanded principles
Yes 3) Should the U.S. have full diplomatic relations with Cuba?
No 4) Should the U.S. recognize and extend full diplomatic relations to Taiwan?
No 5) Should the U.S. increase its financial support to Colombia for the "war on drugs?"
Yes 6) Do you support the cooperative threat reduction programs with Russia to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons? ___ Yes ___ No ___ Undecided
No 7) Do you support the recent withdrawal of the U.S. from the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) treaty in order to deploy a national missile defense system?
Yes 8) Should the U.S. hold nations accountable for terrorists who operate from their country?
9) Other or expanded principles

International Trade

No 1) Do you support the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?
No 2) Do you support the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)?
Yes 3) Do you support continued U.S. membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO)?
Undecided 4) Do you support China becoming a member of the World Trade Organization?
Yes 5) Should a nation's human rights record affect its normal trade relations (most favored nation) trading status with the United States? ___ Yes ___ No ___ Undecided
No 6) Should the President have "fast-track" authority to negotiate trade agreements?
No 7) Do you support the trade embargo against Cuba?
8) Other or expanded principles

Indicate which principles you support (if any) regarding national security.

No 1. Do you support the President using military tribunals to try terrorist suspects when the President deems ordinary civil courts to be inappropriate or impractical?
2. Should the U.S. adopt higher qualification rules for student visa applications from nations known to sponsor terrorism?
3. Should law enforcement agencies be granted greater discretion to read mail and email, tap phones, and conduct random searches to prevent future terrorist attacks?
4. Should federal law enforcement agencies share intelligence data with local law enforcement agencies?
Yes 5. Should the federal government provide states with funding for homeland security?
6. Other or expanded principles

Indicate which principles you support (if any) regarding Social Security.

a) Allow workers to invest a portion of their payroll tax in private accounts which they manage themselves.
b) Allow workers to invest a portion of their payroll tax in private accounts managed by private firms contracted by the government.
c) The federal government should invest a portion of Social Security's assets collectively in stocks and bonds instead of U.S. Treasury securities.
X d) Increase the payroll tax to better finance Social Security in its current form.
e) Lower Social Security's annual cost-of-living increases.
f) Support a "lock box" measure, limiting Congress's ability to spend Social Security and Medicare surpluses on any other federal programs except Social Security and Medicare, until each program's long-term solvency is guaranteed.
X g) Other or expanded principles
Increase payroll taxes only if in a progressive direction.

Indicate which principles you support (if any) regarding technology.

X a) Continue the moratorium on Internet sales taxes.
b) Implement regulation of Internet content by the federal government.
c) Regulation of the Internet should not be controlled by the federal government.
d) Support government mandates to curtail violent and sexual content on television.
e) Other or expanded principles

Indicate which principles you support (if any) regarding poverty and the welfare system.

X a) Support housing assistance for welfare recipients.
X b) Provide homeless families with apartment vouchers they can use to defray the cost of an apartment.
c) Continue to give states and local governments responsibility for welfare programs through TANF block grants.
d) Maintain current welfare-to-work requirements in order for states to qualify for block grants.
X e) Restore food stamp programs to legal immigrants.
f) Transfer homeless housing programs to states through block grants.
X g) Provide continued Medicaid benefits for those welfare recipients who have moved from welfare to work.
h) Require states to return any unused welfare block grant funding to the federal government.
i) Direct federal poverty aid through religious, community-based, or other non-profit organizations.
X j) Provide states with additional funding for Medicaid programs to alleviate increasing state budget deficits.
k) Other or expanded principles
In a total of seventy-five (75) words or less, please explain what your top two or three priorities will be if elected. Please explain how you would obtain any additional funding needed to implement these priorities.

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