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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: American Public Health Association

1999 Positions

State Office District Name Party Rating
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 100%
Gary Ackerman 100%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 100%
Thomas Allen 100%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 100%
Brian Baird 100%
John Baldacci 100%
WI U.S. Senate Jr Tammy Baldwin Democratic 100%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 100%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 100%
Shelley Berkley 100%
Howard Berman 100%
Rod Blagojevich 100%
OR U.S. House 3 Earl Blumenauer Democratic 100%
David Edward Bonior 100%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 100%
PA U.S. House 1 Bob Brady Democratic 100%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 100%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 100%
Robert Byrd 100%
CA U.S. House 24 Lois Capps Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 7 Mike Capuano Democratic 100%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 100%
Julia Carson 100%
William Clay, Sr. 100%
Eva Clayton 100%
Joseph Maxwell Cleland 100%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 100%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 100%
William Coyne 100%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 100%
IL U.S. House 7 Danny Davis Democratic 100%
James Davis 100%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 100%
CO U.S. House 1 Diana DeGette Democratic 100%
Bill Delahunt 100%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 100%
Peter Deutsch 100%
Norm Dicks 100%
Julian Dixon 100%
Chris Dodd 100%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 100%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 100%
Chet Edwards 100%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 100%
Bob Etheridge 100%
Lane Evans 100%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 100%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 100%
Russ Feingold 100%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 100%
Harold Ford, Jr. 100%
Barney Frank 100%
Jonas Frost III 100%
Sam Gejdenson 100%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 100%
Charlie Gonzalez 100%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 100%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 100%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 100%
Maurice Hinchey 100%
TX U.S. House 15 Rubén Hinojosa, Sr. Democratic 100%
PA Commissioner At-Large Joseph Hoeffel 100%
NJ U.S. House 12 Rush Holt, Jr. Democratic 100%
Darlene Hooley 100%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 100%
WA Governor Jay Inslee Democratic 100%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 100%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 100%
William Jefferson 100%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 100%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 100%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 100%
Patrick Kennedy 100%
Carolyn Kilpatrick 100%
WI U.S. House 3 Ron Kind Democratic 100%
Gerald Kleczka 100%
Herb Kohl 100%
LA U.S. Senate Sr Mary Landrieu Democratic 100%
Tom Lantos 100%
CT U.S. House 1 John Larson Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 13 Barbara Lee Democratic 100%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 100%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 100%
William Luther 100%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 100%
Robert Matsui 100%
NY U.S. House 4 Carolyn McCarthy Democratic 100%
Karen McCarthy 100%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 2 Jim McGovern Democratic 100%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 100%
Martin Meehan 100%
Carrie Meek 100%
NY U.S. House 5 Gregory Meeks Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 100%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 100%
Juanita Millender-McDonald 100%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 100%
David Minge 100%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 100%
John Moakley 100%
Dennis Moore 100%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 100%
John Olver 100%
Major Owens 100%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 9 Bill Pascrell, Jr. Democratic 100%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 100%
Donald Payne 100%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 100%
Earl Pomeroy 100%
NC U.S. House 4 David Price Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 100%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 100%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 100%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 100%
Steve Rothman 100%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 100%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 100%
Martin Olav Sabo 100%
CA U.S. House 46 Loretta Sanchez Democratic 100%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 100%
Paul Sarbanes 100%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 100%
IL U.S. House 9 Jan Schakowsky Democratic 100%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 30 Brad Sherman Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 100%
Vic Snyder 100%
John Spratt, Jr. 100%
MI U.S. Senate Jr Debbie Stabenow Democratic 100%
Pete Stark 100%
Ellen Tauscher 100%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 5 Mike Thompson Democratic 100%
Karen Thurman 100%
MA U.S. House 6 John Tierney Democratic 100%
Ed Towns 100%
Stephanie Tubbs Jones 100%
CO U.S. Senate Sr Mark Udall Democratic 100%
NM U.S. Senate Sr Thomas Udall Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 100%
Bruce Vento 100%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 100%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 100%
Anthony Weiner 100%
Paul Wellstone 100%
Robert Wexler 100%
Lynn Woolsey 100%
David Wu 100%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 100%
Albert Wynn 100%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 86%
Sherwood Boehlert 86%
Robert Borski, Jr. 86%
Leonard Boswell 86%
Rick Boucher 86%
Gary Condit 86%
NY U.S. House 14 Joe Crowley Democratic 86%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 86%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 86%
Tony Hall 86%
Baron Hill 86%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 86%
Stephen Horn 86%
Dale Kildee 86%
Dennis Kucinich 86%
John LaFalce 86%
Nicholas Lampson 86%
James Maloney 86%
Matthew Martinez 86%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 86%
Constance Morella 86%
Dave Obey 86%
Silvestre Reyes 86%
Ciro Rodriguez 86%
Timothy Roemer 86%
WA U.S. House 9 Adam Smith Democratic 86%
Ted Strickland 86%
Bart Stupak 86%
Bob Weygand 86%
Bob Wise, Jr. 86%
Evan Bayh 83%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 83%
Jeff Bingaman 83%
Richard Bryan 83%
Thomas Daschle 83%
John Edwards 83%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 83%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 83%
Ernest Hollings 83%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 83%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 83%
Ronald Klink 83%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 83%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 83%
Joe Lieberman 83%
Michael McNulty 83%
Patrick Moynihan 83%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 83%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 83%
Daniel Inouye 80%
James Barcia 71%
Allen Boyd, Jr. 71%
Thomas Campbell 71%
Mike Castle 71%
Jerry Costello 71%
Calvin Dooley 71%
Michael Patrick Forbes 71%
John Ganske 71%
Wayne Gilchrest 71%
Benjamin Gilman 71%
Thomas Holden 71%
Paul Kanjorski 71%
Sue Kelly 71%
Rick Lazio 71%
James Leach 71%
William Lipinski 71%
Frank Mascara 71%
Jim Oberstar 71%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 71%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 71%
David Phelps 71%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 71%
Marge Roukema 71%
Max Sandlin, Jr. 71%
Ike Skelton 71%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 71%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 67%
Brian Bilbray 67%
John Breaux 67%
Kent Conrad 67%
Thomas Davis III 67%
Byron Dorgan 67%
Daniel Graham 67%
Bob Kerrey 67%
Blanche Lincoln 67%
Charles Robb 67%
Robert Torricelli 67%
Marion Berry 57%
Robert Clement 57%
Robert Cramer 57%
Patsy Ann Danner 57%
Robert Franks 57%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 57%
Bart Gordon 57%
Nancy Johnson 57%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 57%
Jack Murtha 57%
Owen Pickett 57%
John Edward Porter 57%
Jack Quinn 57%
Christopher Shays 57%
Ronnie Shows 57%
Norman Sisisky 57%
John Tanner 57%
James Traficant, Jr. 57%
James Turner 57%
W. Curtis Weldon 57%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 50%
Bill McCollum 50%
Alan Mollohan 50%
Arlen Specter 50%
Herbert Bateman 43%
Mary Bono Mack 43%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 43%
Jim Gibbons 43%
James Greenwood 43%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 43%
Henry Hyde 43%
Christopher John 43%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 43%
KY Commissioner of the Department of Veterans' Affairs Kenneth Lucas Democratic 43%
John McHugh 43%
Dan Miller 43%
Doug Ose 43%
Deborah Pryce 43%
James Ramstad 43%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 43%
Jim Saxton 43%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 43%
John Sweeney 43%
Gene Taylor 43%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 43%
Heather Wilson 43%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 43%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 43%
Joe Scarborough 40%
TX U.S. House 8 Kevin Brady Republican 33%
Peter Fitzgerald 33%
TX U.S. House 12 Kay Granger Republican 33%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 33%
Steven Kuykendall 33%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 33%
Ted Stevens 33%
Charlie Bass 29%
Douglas Bereuter 29%
Michael Bilirakis 29%
Herbert Callahan 29%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 29%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 29%
Philip English 29%
Mark Foley 29%
Tillie Fowler 29%
Elton Gallegly 29%
Duncan Hunter 29%
William Lewis Jenkins 29%
James Kolbe 29%
Steve LaTourette 29%
NC U.S. House 7 Mike McIntyre Democratic 29%
Anne Northup 29%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 29%
Ralph Regula 29%
Thomas Reynolds 29%
James Rogan 29%
Floyd Spence 29%
Charles Stenholm 29%
James Walsh 29%
Zach Wamp 29%
Gerald Weller 29%
LA U.S. Senate Jr David Vitter Republican 20%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 17%
Jesse Helms 17%
Kenny Hulshof 17%
Kay Hutchison 17%
GA U.S. Senate Jr Johnny Isakson Republican 17%
James Merrill Jeffords 17%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 17%
Dick Lugar 17%
Frank Murkowski 17%
John Peterson 17%
William Roth, Jr. 17%
E.G. Shuster 17%
William Thomas 17%
George Voinovich 17%
John Warner 17%
Bill Archer 14%
Richard Armey 14%
Cass Ballenger 14%
Robert Barr, Jr. 14%
Bill Barrett 14%
Judy Biggert 14%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 14%
MO U.S. Senate Jr Roy Blunt Republican 14%
Henry Bonilla 14%
Ed Bryant 14%
Steve Buyer 14%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 14%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 14%
Chris Cannon 14%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 14%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 14%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 14%
Merrill Cook 14%
John Cooksey 14%
Randall Cunningham 14%
Thomas DeLay 14%
Jay Dickey 14%
John Doolittle 14%
David Dreier 14%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 14%
Jennifer Dunn 14%
Vern Ehlers 14%
Jo Ann Emerson 14%
Terry Everett 14%
Thomas Ewing 14%
Vito Fossella, Jr. 14%
George Gekas 14%
Paul Gillmor 14%
William Goodling 14%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 14%
Gilbert Gutknecht 14%
James Hansen 14%
Joel Hefley 14%
David Lee Hobson 14%
Joseph Knollenberg 14%
Ray LaHood 14%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 14%
Jerry Lewis 14%
Ron Lewis 14%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 14%
James McCrery III 14%
Scott McInnis 14%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 14%
CA U.S. House 31 Gary Miller Republican 14%
KS U.S. Senate Jr Jerry Moran Republican 14%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 14%
Robert William Ney 14%
James Nussle 14%
Michael Oxley 14%
Ronald Packard 14%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 14%
Richard Pombo 14%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 14%
WI U.S. House 1 Paul Ryan Republican 14%
TX U.S. House 32 Pete Sessions Republican 14%
Donald Sherwood 14%
IL U.S. House 15 John Shimkus Republican 14%
ID U.S. House 2 Mike Simpson Republican 14%
Joseph Skeen 14%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 14%
Cliff Stearns 14%
Bob Stump 14%
James Talent 14%
William Tauzin 14%
Charles Taylor 14%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 14%
SD U.S. Senate Jr John Thune Republican 14%
PA U.S. Senate Jr Pat Toomey Republican 14%
Wesley Watkins 14%
David Weldon 14%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 14%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 14%
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 14%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 0%
AL U.S. House 4 Robert Aderholt Republican 0%
Wayne Allard 0%
John Ashcroft 0%
Richard Hugh Baker 0%
Roscoe Bartlett 0%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 0%
Bob Bennett 0%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 0%
Kit Bond 0%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 0%
Jim Bunning 0%
Conrad Burns 0%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 0%
Dan Burton 0%
Ben Campbell 0%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 0%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 0%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 0%
Michael Collins 0%
ME U.S. Senate Sr Susan Collins Republican 0%
Larry Combest 0%
Paul Coverdell 0%
Christopher Cox 0%
Larry Craig 0%
Philip Crane 0%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 0%
Barbara Cubin 0%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 0%
James DeMint 0%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 0%
WY U.S. Senate Sr Mike Enzi Republican 0%
Ernest Fletcher 0%
William Frist 0%
Virgil Goode, Jr. 0%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 0%
Slade Gorton 0%
Porter Goss 0%
William Phillip Gramm 0%
Rodney Grams 0%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 0%
Mark Green 0%
Judd Gregg 0%
NA U.S. Secretary of Defense Charles Hagel Republican 0%
J. Dennis Hastert 0%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 0%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 0%
Robert Hayes 0%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 0%
Wally Herger, Jr. 0%
Rick Hill 0%
Van Hilleary 0%
Pete Hoekstra 0%
John Nathan Hostettler 0%
Asa Hutchinson 0%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 0%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 0%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 0%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 0%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 0%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 0%
Jon Kyl 0%
Stephen Largent 0%
John Linder 0%
Trent Lott, Sr. 0%
Connie Mack 0%
Don Manzullo 0%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 0%
David McIntosh 0%
Jack Metcalf 0%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 0%
Sue Myrick 0%
Don Nickles 0%
Ron Paul 0%
Edward Pease 0%
Charles Pickering, Jr. 0%
PA U.S. House 16 Joe Pitts Republican 0%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 0%
George Radanovich 0%
Bob Riley 0%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 0%
Jim Ryun 0%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 0%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 0%
Rick Santorum 0%
CO State Board of Education 4 Robert Schaffer Republican 0%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 0%
AL U.S. Senate Jr Jeff Sessions III Republican 0%
John Shadegg 0%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 0%
Gordon Smith 0%
Nick Smith 0%
Bob Smith 0%
Olympia Snowe 0%
Mark Souder 0%
John Sununu 0%
Tom Tancredo 0%
NE U.S. House 2 Lee Terry Republican 0%
Craig Thomas 0%
Fred Thompson 0%
Strom Thurmond 0%
Todd Tiahrt 0%
OR U.S. House 2 Greg Walden Republican 0%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 0%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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