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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: National Taxpayers Union

1995 Spending Score

State Office District Name Party Rating
Newt Gingrich 98%
Hank Brown 93%
James Ramstad 93%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 93%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 92%
Pete Hoekstra 92%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 92%
Scott Klug 91%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 91%
Toby Roth 91%
William Roth, Jr. 91%
IN U.S. Senate Sr Daniel Coats Republican 90%
William Phillip Gramm 90%
Rodney Grams 90%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 90%
Jon Kyl 90%
Don Nickles 90%
Christopher Shays 90%
Nick Smith 90%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 90%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 89%
John Ashcroft 89%
Jon Lynn Christensen 89%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 89%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth 89%
Judd Gregg 89%
Gilbert Gutknecht 89%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 89%
Stephen Largent 89%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 89%
Linda Smith 89%
Bob Smith 89%
Richard Zimmer 89%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 88%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 88%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 88%
Wes Cooley 88%
Paul Coverdell 88%
Philip Crane 88%
Robert Dole 88%
John Ensign 88%
Jesse Helms 88%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 88%
Trent Lott, Sr. 88%
Connie Mack 88%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 88%
Scott McInnis 88%
Craig Thomas 88%
Fred Thompson 88%
Wayne Allard 87%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 87%
Dick Chrysler 87%
Christopher Cox 87%
Larry Craig 87%
Robert Franks 87%
John Ganske 87%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 87%
Melton Hancock 87%
Van Hilleary 87%
Kay Hutchison 87%
Bob Inglis, Sr. 87%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 87%
Dirk Kempthorne 87%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 87%
Dick Lugar 87%
Bill Martini 87%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 87%
Strom Thurmond 87%
Zach Wamp 87%
Charlie Bass 86%
Ed Bryant 86%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 86%
Mark Foley 86%
William Frist 86%
David Funderburk 86%
Enid Greene 86%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 86%
Don Manzullo 86%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 86%
Mark Neumann 86%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 86%
James Nussle 86%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 86%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 86%
Rick Santorum 86%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 86%
Alan Simpson 86%
Gerald B.H. Solomon 86%
John Warner 86%
Bill Zeliff 86%
Bill Archer 85%
Bob Bennett 85%
Conrad Burns 85%
Dan Burton 85%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 85%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 85%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 85%
Frank Arnold Cremeans 85%
Alfonse D'Amato 85%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 85%
David Dreier 85%
Vern Ehlers 85%
William Goodling 85%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 85%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 85%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 85%
David McIntosh 85%
Jack Metcalf 85%
Frank Murkowski 85%
Sue Myrick 85%
William Paxon 85%
Larry Pressler 85%
Frank Duncan Riggs 85%
Daniel Schaefer 85%
Andrea Seastrand 85%
John Shadegg 85%
TX U.S. House 36 Steve Stockman Republican 85%
Randy Tate 85%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 85%
Todd Tiahrt 85%
Rick White 85%
Richard Armey 84%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 84%
William Baker 84%
Roscoe Bartlett 84%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 84%
Sonny Bono 84%
Michael Collins 84%
Randall Cunningham 84%
Jay Dickey 84%
John Doolittle 84%
Philip English 84%
Harris Fawell 84%
Jack Fields, Jr. 84%
Michael Patrick Forbes 84%
Jon David Fox 84%
Dan Frisa 84%
Porter Goss 84%
Martin Hoke 84%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 84%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 84%
Dan Miller 84%
Carlos Moorhead 84%
Robert William Ney 84%
George Radanovich 84%
Ted Stevens 84%
Bob Stump 84%
James Talent 84%
Robert Walker 84%
Cass Ballenger 83%
Robert Barr, Jr. 83%
Peter Blute 83%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 83%
Kit Bond 83%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 83%
Larry Combest 83%
Barbara Cubin 83%
Thomas DeLay 83%
Robert Dornan 83%
Jennifer Dunn 83%
Thomas Ewing 83%
Elton Gallegly 83%
Slade Gorton 83%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 83%
James Greenwood 83%
Steven Gunderson 83%
James Hansen 83%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 83%
Joel Hefley 83%
Fredrick Kenneth Fred' Heineman 83%
David Lee Hobson 83%
Nancy Landon Kassebaum 83%
John Linder 83%
James Longley, Jr. 83%
Jan Meyers 83%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 83%
John Edward Porter 83%
Deborah Pryce 83%
James Quillen 83%
Ralph Regula 83%
Charles Taylor 83%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 83%
David Weldon 83%
Gerald Weller 83%
Brian Bilbray 82%
Jim Bunning 82%
John Chafee 82%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 82%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 82%
George Gekas 82%
Paul Gillmor 82%
J. Dennis Hastert 82%
Wally Herger, Jr. 82%
Henry Hyde 82%
Jay Kim 82%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 82%
James Kolbe 82%
Rick Lazio 82%
James Leach 82%
Susan Molinari 82%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 82%
Michael Oxley 82%
Richard Pombo 82%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 82%
Marge Roukema 82%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 82%
E.G. Shuster 82%
Mark Souder 82%
Floyd Spence 82%
Cliff Stearns 82%
W. Curtis Weldon 82%
Richard Hugh Baker 81%
Bill Barrett 81%
Michael Bilirakis 81%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 81%
Steve Buyer 81%
Ben Campbell 81%
Mike Castle 81%
Tillie Fowler 81%
Stephen Horn 81%
Ron Lewis 81%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 81%
James McCrery III 81%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 81%
Ronald Packard 81%
Joe Scarborough 81%
William Thomas 81%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 81%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 81%
Douglas Bereuter 80%
Henry Bonilla 80%
Herbert Callahan 80%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 80%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 80%
Bill Emerson 80%
Terry Everett 80%
Gary Franks 80%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 80%
Wayne Gilchrest 80%
Mark Hatfield 80%
Duncan Hunter 80%
Sue Kelly 80%
Joseph Knollenberg 80%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 80%
Mike Parker 80%
Jack Quinn 80%
Joseph Skeen 80%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 80%
Olympia Snowe 80%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 80%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 80%
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 80%
Herbert Bateman 79%
Michael Patrick Flanagan 79%
Benjamin Gilman 79%
Jerry Lewis 79%
Robert Livingston 79%
Joseph McDade 79%
John McHugh 79%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 79%
Steven Schiff 79%
William Tauzin 79%
Barbara Vucanovich 79%
William Clinger 78%
Steve LaTourette 78%
Jim Lightfoot 78%
Bill McCollum 78%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 78%
James Walsh 78%
Thomas Davis III 77%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 77%
John Nathan Hostettler 77%
Nancy Johnson 77%
Ray LaHood 77%
John Myers 77%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 76%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 75%
Jim Saxton 75%
Peter Torkildsen 75%
Jim Bunn 74%
James Merrill Jeffords 74%
William Cohen 73%
Greg Laughlin 73%
Sherwood Boehlert 72%
Constance Morella 72%
Pete Geren 71%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 71%
Arlen Specter 68%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 66%
G.V. Montgomery 65%
Gary Condit 62%
Gene Taylor 60%
James Hayes 59%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 58%
Bill Brewster 53%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 51%
David Minge 51%
Blanche Lincoln 50%
Timothy Roemer 48%
Patsy Ann Danner 47%
Bart Gordon 47%
Bill Orton 46%
William Luther 45%
Ike Skelton 45%
John Tanner 45%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 44%
Peter Deutsch 44%
Glenn Poshard 44%
Charles Stenholm 44%
Robert Cramer 43%
Andrew Jacobs, Jr. 43%
William Lipinski 43%
Henry Scott Baesler 42%
Jim Chapman 42%
Robert Clement 42%
Gerald Kleczka 42%
Martin Meehan 42%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 42%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 41%
Norman Sisisky 41%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 41%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 40%
Calvin Dooley 40%
Jim Exon 40%
Glen Browder 39%
Sam Nunn 39%
Lewis Payne, Jr. 39%
James Barcia 38%
Jane Harman 38%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 38%
Karen McCarthy 38%
Michael McNulty 38%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 37%
Tom Bevill 36%
Jerry Costello 36%
Chet Edwards 36%
Joseph Kennedy II 36%
Paul McHale 36%
Owen Pickett 36%
Harold Volkmer 36%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 36%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 35%
John Bryant 35%
Bob Kerrey 35%
Herb Kohl 35%
Charles Robb 35%
Paul Simon 35%
Ronald Klink 34%
Charles Rose III 34%
Bart Stupak 34%
James Traficant, Jr. 34%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 33%
Paul Kanjorski 33%
Pete Peterson 33%
John Spratt, Jr. 33%
Charles Wilson 33%
Harry Johnston 32%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 32%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 32%
Richard Bryan 31%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 31%
Lee Hamilton 31%
Dale Kildee 31%
Frank Mascara 31%
Robert Torricelli 31%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 30%
Thomas Holden 30%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 30%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 30%
Daniel Graham 29%
W.G. Hefner 29%
John LaFalce 29%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 29%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 29%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 29%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 28%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 28%
Dave Obey 28%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 28%
Karen Thurman 28%
Michael Ward 28%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 28%
Elizabeth Furse 27%
Sam Gibbons 27%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 27%
Carol Moseley Braun 27%
David Skaggs 27%
Howard Berman 26%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 26%
Cleo Fields 26%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 26%
Gerry Studds 26%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 25%
Jeff Bingaman 25%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 25%
Thomas Foglietta 25%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 25%
Tom Lantos 25%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 25%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 25%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 25%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 25%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 25%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 25%
John Baldacci 24%
Anthony Beilenson 24%
E. Kika de la Garza 24%
Russ Feingold 24%
Patrick Kennedy 24%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 24%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 24%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 24%
Jim Oberstar 24%
Earl Pomeroy 24%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 24%
Frank Tejeda 24%
Bruce Vento 24%
Pat Williams 24%
Robert Borski, Jr. 23%
Rick Boucher 23%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 23%
Lane Evans 23%
Harold Ford, Sr. 23%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 23%
Ernest Hollings 23%
Thomas Manton 23%
John Moakley 23%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 23%
Martin Olav Sabo 23%
Robert Byrd 22%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 22%
Jonas Frost III 22%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 22%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly 22%
Joe Lieberman 22%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 22%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 22%
Alan Mollohan 22%
Jack Murtha 22%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 22%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 22%
Patricia Schroeder 22%
George Brown, Jr. 21%
Cardiss Collins 21%
Kent Conrad 21%
William Coyne 21%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 21%
Tony Hall 21%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 21%
Robert Matsui 21%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 21%
Ray Thornton 21%
Bill Bradley 20%
Ronald Dellums 20%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 20%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 20%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 20%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 20%
John Olver 20%
Major Owens 20%
Claiborne Pell 20%
Bill Richardson 20%
Bob Wise, Jr. 20%
Lynn Woolsey 20%
Gary Ackerman 19%
Barney Frank 19%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 19%
Pete Stark 19%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 19%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 19%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 19%
Paul Wellstone 19%
Sidney Yates 19%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 18%
David Edward Bonior 18%
John Breaux 18%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 18%
Norm Dicks 18%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 18%
Chris Dodd 18%
Byron Dorgan 18%
Sam Gejdenson 18%
John Glenn 18%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 18%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 18%
Donald Payne 18%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 18%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 17%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 17%
Ronald Coleman 17%
Thomas Daschle 17%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 17%
Floyd Flake 17%
Maurice Hinchey 17%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 17%
Patrick Moynihan 17%
Louis Stokes 17%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 17%
Esteban Edward Torres 17%
Albert Wynn 17%
Dale Bumpers 16%
William Clay, Sr. 16%
Barbara-Rose Collins 16%
William Jefferson 16%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 16%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 16%
Matthew Martinez 16%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 16%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 16%
Ed Towns 16%
Wendell Ford 15%
Henry Gonzalez 15%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 15%
David Pryor 15%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 14%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 14%
Eva Clayton 14%
J. Bennett Johnston 14%
Paul Sarbanes 14%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 13%
Victor Fazio 13%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 13%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 12%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 11%
Daniel Inouye 11%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 11%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 10%
Carrie Meek 10%
Julian Dixon 9%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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