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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: National Taxpayers Union

1998 Spending Score

State Office District Name Party Rating
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 12%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 65%
Gary Ackerman 14%
AL U.S. House 4 Robert Aderholt Republican 46%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 9%
Wayne Allard 74%
Thomas Allen 12%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 27%
Bill Archer 65%
Richard Armey 55%
John Ashcroft 80%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 59%
Richard Hugh Baker 51%
John Baldacci 13%
Cass Ballenger 69%
James Barcia 24%
Robert Barr, Jr. 76%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 42%
Bill Barrett 61%
Roscoe Bartlett 66%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 75%
Charlie Bass 47%
Herbert Bateman 43%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 22%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 16%
Bob Bennett 50%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 27%
Douglas Bereuter 33%
Howard Berman 17%
Marion Berry 30%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 15%
Brian Bilbray 52%
Michael Bilirakis 53%
Jeff Bingaman 14%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 22%
Rod Blagojevich 14%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 50%
OR U.S. House 3 Earl Blumenauer Democratic 23%
MO U.S. Senate Jr Roy Blunt Republican 54%
Sherwood Boehlert 28%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 66%
Kit Bond 53%
Henry Bonilla 66%
David Edward Bonior 16%
Mary Bono Mack 53%
Robert Borski, Jr. 13%
Leonard Boswell 23%
Rick Boucher 13%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 14%
Allen Boyd, Jr. 28%
TX U.S. House 8 Kevin Brady Republican 60%
PA U.S. House 1 Bob Brady Democratic 20%
John Breaux 15%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 12%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 34%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 68%
Richard Bryan 13%
Ed Bryant 50%
Jim Bunning 46%
Conrad Burns 64%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 75%
Dan Burton 51%
Steve Buyer 45%
Robert Byrd 27%
Herbert Callahan 50%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 49%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 50%
Ben Campbell 54%
Thomas Campbell 68%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 53%
Chris Cannon 62%
CA U.S. House 24 Lois Capps Democratic 17%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 27%
Julia Carson 17%
Mike Castle 54%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 82%
John Chafee 36%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 49%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 60%
William Clay, Sr. 12%
Eva Clayton 14%
Joseph Maxwell Cleland 14%
Robert Clement 14%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 13%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 62%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 78%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 57%
Michael Collins 61%
ME U.S. Senate Sr Susan Collins Republican 53%
Larry Combest 52%
Gary Condit 49%
Kent Conrad 10%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 22%
Merrill Cook 48%
John Cooksey 48%
Jerry Costello 22%
Paul Coverdell 66%
Christopher Cox 75%
William Coyne 17%
Larry Craig 65%
Robert Cramer 30%
Philip Crane 83%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 51%
Barbara Cubin 63%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 14%
Randall Cunningham 54%
Patsy Ann Danner 34%
Thomas Daschle 12%
IL U.S. House 7 Danny Davis Democratic 20%
James Davis 22%
Thomas Davis III 41%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 73%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 31%
CO U.S. House 1 Diana DeGette Democratic 21%
Bill Delahunt 18%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 13%
Thomas DeLay 57%
Peter Deutsch 31%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 49%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 44%
Jay Dickey 51%
Norm Dicks 14%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 12%
Julian Dixon 9%
Chris Dodd 15%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 28%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 58%
Calvin Dooley 25%
John Doolittle 55%
Byron Dorgan 12%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 15%
David Dreier 54%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 65%
Jennifer Dunn 51%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 11%
Chet Edwards 31%
Vern Ehlers 51%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 55%
Jo Ann Emerson 51%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 15%
Philip English 46%
WY U.S. Senate Sr Mike Enzi Republican 70%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 25%
Bob Etheridge 21%
Lane Evans 15%
Terry Everett 51%
Thomas Ewing 50%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 15%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 16%
Russ Feingold 35%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 14%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 24%
Mark Foley 60%
Michael Patrick Forbes 38%
Harold Ford, Jr. 14%
Vito Fossella, Jr. 50%
Tillie Fowler 46%
Barney Frank 18%
Robert Franks 50%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 57%
William Frist 59%
Jonas Frost III 14%
Elton Gallegly 48%
John Ganske 36%
Sam Gejdenson 14%
George Gekas 46%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 14%
Jim Gibbons 52%
Wayne Gilchrest 42%
Paul Gillmor 42%
Benjamin Gilman 42%
Virgil Goode, Jr. 53%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 61%
William Goodling 52%
Bart Gordon 22%
Slade Gorton 56%
Porter Goss 72%
Daniel Graham 12%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 72%
William Phillip Gramm 73%
Rodney Grams 73%
TX U.S. House 12 Kay Granger Republican 49%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 56%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 24%
James Greenwood 47%
Judd Gregg 63%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 18%
Gilbert Gutknecht 48%
NA U.S. Secretary of Defense Charles Hagel Republican 66%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 63%
Tony Hall 17%
James Hansen 56%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 10%
J. Dennis Hastert 51%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 28%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 59%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 57%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 72%
Joel Hefley 72%
Jesse Helms 71%
Wally Herger, Jr. 73%
Rick Hill 46%
Van Hilleary 61%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 15%
Maurice Hinchey 16%
TX U.S. House 15 Rubén Hinojosa, Sr. Democratic 10%
David Lee Hobson 65%
Pete Hoekstra 83%
Thomas Holden 20%
Ernest Hollings 17%
Darlene Hooley 22%
Stephen Horn 42%
John Nathan Hostettler 58%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 29%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 22%
Kenny Hulshof 48%
Duncan Hunter 66%
Asa Hutchinson 50%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 70%
Kay Hutchison 64%
Henry Hyde 61%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 74%
Daniel Inouye 15%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 64%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 20%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 14%
William Jefferson 14%
James Merrill Jeffords 32%
William Lewis Jenkins 50%
Christopher John 24%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 15%
Nancy Johnson 28%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 78%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 12%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 77%
Paul Kanjorski 20%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 18%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 69%
Sue Kelly 43%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 9%
Patrick Kennedy 19%
Bob Kerrey 22%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 13%
Dale Kildee 14%
Carolyn Kilpatrick 15%
WI U.S. House 3 Ron Kind Democratic 40%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 52%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 69%
Gerald Kleczka 27%
Ronald Klink 20%
Joseph Knollenberg 50%
Herb Kohl 28%
James Kolbe 63%
Dennis Kucinich 22%
Jon Kyl 88%
John LaFalce 23%
Ray LaHood 45%
Nicholas Lampson 8%
LA U.S. Senate Sr Mary Landrieu Democratic 9%
Tom Lantos 14%
Stephen Largent 79%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 48%
Steve LaTourette 42%
Frank Lautenberg 13%
Rick Lazio 43%
James Leach 42%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 14%
CA U.S. House 13 Barbara Lee Democratic 31%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 16%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 15%
Jerry Lewis 44%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 29%
Ron Lewis 51%
Joe Lieberman 17%
John Linder 53%
William Lipinski 18%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 46%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 30%
Trent Lott, Sr. 61%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 18%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 55%
Dick Lugar 63%
William Luther 27%
Connie Mack 64%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 21%
James Maloney 31%
Don Manzullo 63%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 14%
Matthew Martinez 10%
Frank Mascara 14%
Robert Matsui 10%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 73%
NY U.S. House 4 Carolyn McCarthy Democratic 26%
Karen McCarthy 20%
Bill McCollum 61%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 63%
James McCrery III 60%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 25%
MA U.S. House 2 Jim McGovern Democratic 16%
John McHugh 42%
Scott McInnis 53%
David McIntosh 66%
NC U.S. House 7 Mike McIntyre Democratic 25%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 51%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 23%
Michael McNulty 19%
Martin Meehan 18%
Carrie Meek 11%
NY U.S. House 5 Gregory Meeks Democratic 18%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Bob Menendez Democratic 14%
Jack Metcalf 49%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 54%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 10%
Juanita Millender-McDonald 14%
Dan Miller 78%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 30%
David Minge 41%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 16%
John Moakley 10%
Alan Mollohan 14%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 32%
KS U.S. Senate Jr Jerry Moran Republican 55%
Constance Morella 40%
Patrick Moynihan 16%
Frank Murkowski 68%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 13%
Jack Murtha 14%
Sue Myrick 73%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 20%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 10%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 64%
Robert William Ney 47%
Don Nickles 80%
Anne Northup 47%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 50%
James Nussle 49%
Jim Oberstar 19%
Dave Obey 35%
John Olver 16%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 13%
Major Owens 20%
Michael Oxley 48%
Ronald Packard 50%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 21%
NJ U.S. House 9 Bill Pascrell, Jr. Democratic 14%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 14%
Ron Paul 88%
Donald Payne 24%
Edward Pease 51%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 15%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 28%
John Peterson 51%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 70%
Charles Pickering, Jr. 52%
Owen Pickett 17%
PA U.S. House 16 Joe Pitts Republican 54%
Richard Pombo 56%
Earl Pomeroy 25%
John Edward Porter 51%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 73%
NC U.S. House 4 David Price Democratic 18%
Deborah Pryce 54%
Jack Quinn 41%
George Radanovich 65%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 14%
James Ramstad 48%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 18%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 10%
Ralph Regula 42%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 24%
Silvestre Reyes 10%
Bob Riley 49%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 27%
Charles Robb 26%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 56%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 6%
Ciro Rodriguez 12%
Timothy Roemer 33%
James Rogan 59%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 46%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 81%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 50%
William Roth, Jr. 59%
Steve Rothman 18%
Marge Roukema 52%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 15%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 83%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 20%
Jim Ryun 54%
Martin Olav Sabo 24%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 82%
CA U.S. House 46 Loretta Sanchez Democratic 24%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 21%
Max Sandlin, Jr. 29%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 90%
Rick Santorum 69%
Paul Sarbanes 7%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 17%
Jim Saxton 46%
Joe Scarborough 77%
CO State Board of Education 4 Robert Schaffer Republican 82%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 18%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 14%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 87%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 13%
AL U.S. Senate Jr Jeff Sessions III Republican 74%
TX U.S. House 32 Pete Sessions Republican 70%
John Shadegg 76%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 36%
Christopher Shays 67%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 64%
CA U.S. House 30 Brad Sherman Democratic 25%
IL U.S. House 15 John Shimkus Republican 50%
E.G. Shuster 52%
Norman Sisisky 19%
Joseph Skeen 44%
Ike Skelton 24%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 15%
WA U.S. House 9 Adam Smith Democratic 29%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 48%
Gordon Smith 54%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 50%
Nick Smith 62%
Bob Smith 81%
Olympia Snowe 49%
Vic Snyder 17%
Mark Souder 63%
Arlen Specter 44%
Floyd Spence 53%
John Spratt, Jr. 18%
MI U.S. Senate Jr Debbie Stabenow Democratic 14%
Pete Stark 38%
Cliff Stearns 66%
Charles Stenholm 37%
Ted Stevens 54%
Ted Strickland 21%
Bob Stump 79%
Bart Stupak 22%
John Sununu 56%
James Talent 51%
John Tanner 21%
Ellen Tauscher 22%
William Tauzin 47%
Charles Taylor 62%
Gene Taylor 53%
Craig Thomas 72%
William Thomas 52%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 12%
Fred Thompson 70%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 69%
SD U.S. Senate Jr John Thune Republican 48%
Karen Thurman 27%
Strom Thurmond 62%
Todd Tiahrt 57%
MA U.S. House 6 John Tierney Democratic 21%
Robert Torricelli 18%
Ed Towns 14%
James Traficant, Jr. 29%
James Turner 19%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 51%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 19%
Bruce Vento 21%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 17%
James Walsh 30%
Zach Wamp 71%
John Warner 63%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 19%
Wesley Watkins 54%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 17%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 50%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 18%
David Weldon 54%
W. Curtis Weldon 51%
Gerald Weller 47%
Paul Wellstone 18%
Robert Wexler 31%
Bob Weygand 15%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 47%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 53%
Heather Wilson 43%
Bob Wise, Jr. 11%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 66%
Lynn Woolsey 18%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 21%
Albert Wynn 13%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 63%
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 48%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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