Rating Group: Competitive Enterprise Institute

1994 Total Score

State Office Name Party Rating
Philip Crane Other 99%
Richard Armey Other 98%
Melton Hancock Other 98%
Bill Archer Other 97%
William Paxon Other 94%
Bob Stump Other 94%
Wayne Allard Other 93%
Hank Brown Other 93%
CA U.S. House-48 Dana Rohrabacher R 93%
CA U.S. House-39 Ed Royce R 93%
WI U.S. House-5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. R 93%
David Dreier Other 92%
Bob Smith Other 92%
Christopher Cox Other 91%
TX U.S. House-3 Sam Johnson R 91%
TX U.S. House-6 Joe Barton R 90%
Dan Burton Other 90%
Thomas DeLay Other 90%
AZ U.S. Senate-Sr John McCain III R 90%
Cass Ballenger Other 89%
OH U.S. House-8 John Boehner R 89%
NC U.S. House-6 Howard Coble R 89%
John Doolittle Other 89%
Rodney Grams Other 89%
Don Manzullo Other 89%
Dan Miller Other 89%
Gerald B.H. Solomon Other 89%
Cliff Stearns Other 89%
Jim Bunning Other 88%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth Other 88%
Joseph Knollenberg Other 88%
Don Nickles Other 88%
Nick Smith Other 88%
Michael Collins Other 87%
Larry Combest Other 87%
Robert Dornan Other 87%
Jack Fields, Jr. Other 87%
VA U.S. House-6 Bob Goodlatte R 87%
Daniel Schaefer Other 87%
William Baker Other 86%
Bill Barrett Other 86%
Jon Kyl Other 86%
Roscoe Bartlett Other 85%
ID U.S. Senate-Sr Mike Crapo R 85%
Joel Hefley Other 85%
Jesse Helms Other 85%
Wally Herger, Jr. Other 85%
Pete Hoekstra Other 85%
Carlos Moorhead Other 85%
James Nussle Other 85%
Toby Roth Other 85%
Bill Zeliff Other 85%
James Hansen Other 84%
John Linder Other 84%
WI U.S. House-6 Tom Petri R 84%
KS U.S. Senate-Sr Pat Roberts R 84%
Jay Kim Other 83%
Ron Lewis Other 83%
TX U.S. House-21 Lamar Smith R 83%
AL U.S. House-6 Spencer Bachus R 82%
Judd Gregg Other 82%
J. Dennis Hastert Other 82%
Y. Tim Hutchinson Other 82%
Scott McInnis Other 82%
GA U.S. House-1 Jack Kingston R 81%
CA U.S. House-25 Buck McKeon R 81%
OH U.S. Senate-Jr Rob Portman R 81%
James Talent Other 81%
Craig Thomas Other 81%
Henry Bonilla Other 80%
Newt Gingrich Other 80%
Porter Goss Other 80%
Duncan Hunter Other 80%
Bill McCollum Other 80%
Richard Pombo Other 80%
Richard Hugh Baker Other 79%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. Other 79%
Jay Dickey Other 79%
Henry Hyde Other 79%
FL U.S. House-7 John Mica R 79%
James Ramstad Other 79%
MI U.S. House-4 Dave Camp R 78%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady Other 78%
IN U.S. Senate-Sr Daniel Coats R 78%
Thomas Ewing Other 78%
NY U.S. House-2 Pete King R 77%
John McHugh Other 77%
Larry Pressler Other 77%
Charles Stenholm Other 77%
John Warner Other 77%
Richard Zimmer Other 77%
Bob Bennett Other 76%
Paul Coverdell Other 76%
Jennifer Dunn Other 76%
UT U.S. Senate-Sr Orrin Hatch R 76%
Steve Buyer Other 75%
Harris Fawell Other 75%
William Phillip Gramm Other 75%
Michael Oxley Other 75%
Ronald Packard Other 75%
Charles Taylor Other 75%
Herbert Callahan Other 74%
CA U.S. House-42 Ken Calvert R 74%
Robert Dole Other 74%
William Thomas Other 74%
Larry Craig Other 73%
Elton Gallegly Other 73%
IA U.S. Senate-Sr Chuck Grassley R 73%
Dirk Kempthorne Other 73%
James McCrery III Other 73%
William Roth, Jr. Other 73%
Randall Cunningham Other 72%
Jim Lightfoot Other 72%
Connie Mack Other 72%
Strom Thurmond Other 72%
Bill Emerson Other 71%
Terry Everett Other 71%
Kay Hutchison Other 71%
James Kolbe Other 71%
Trent Lott, Sr. Other 71%
Frank Murkowski Other 71%
Michael Bilirakis Other 70%
Mike Castle Other 70%
Tillie Fowler Other 70%
Scott Klug Other 70%
Barbara Vucanovich Other 70%
Alan Simpson Other 69%
MI U.S. House-6 Fred Upton R 69%
Robert Livingston Other 68%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. Other 68%
KY U.S. Senate-Sr Mitch McConnell R 66%
Steven Gunderson Other 65%
TX U.S. House-4 Ralph Hall R 65%
VA U.S. House-10 Frank Wolf R 65%
John Myers Other 64%
Jack Quinn Other 64%
FL U.S. House-13 Bill Young R 64%
Douglas Bereuter Other 63%
Robert Franks Other 63%
Susan Molinari Other 63%
Dick Lugar Other 62%
John Edward Porter Other 62%
Gary Condit Other 61%
Vern Ehlers Other 61%
Bill Orton Other 61%
Jim Saxton Other 60%
Steven Schiff Other 60%
Christopher Shays Other 60%
Conrad Burns Other 59%
Slade Gorton Other 59%
David Lee Hobson Other 59%
Nancy Landon Kassebaum Other 59%
Jerry Lewis Other 59%
Joseph Skeen Other 59%
AK U.S. House-At-Large Don Young R 59%
James Leach Other 58%
Jan Meyers Other 58%
William Tauzin Other 58%
Herbert Bateman Other 57%
Alfonse D'Amato Other 57%
Wayne Gilchrest Other 57%
Gene Taylor Other 57%
William Cohen Other 56%
Paul Gillmor Other 56%
Amory Houghton, Jr. Other 56%
Rick Lazio Other 56%
John Chafee Other 53%
Gary Franks Other 53%
KY U.S. House-5 Hal Rogers R 53%
Olympia Snowe Other 53%
Pete Geren Other 52%
Stephen Horn Other 52%
David Minge Other 52%
MN U.S. House-7 Collin Peterson DFL 52%
MS U.S. Senate-Sr Thad Cochran R 51%
FL U.S. House-27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen R 51%
Marge Roukema Other 51%
Peter Blute Other 50%
Pete Domenici, Jr. Other 50%
Nancy Johnson Other 50%
Glenn Poshard Other 50%
Peter Torkildsen Other 50%
NJ U.S. House-4 Chris Smith R 47%
Kit Bond Other 46%
Herb Kohl Other 45%
Arlen Specter Other 45%
Mike Parker Other 44%
GA Governor Nathan Deal R 43%
James Walsh Other 43%
Ted Stevens Other 42%
NJ U.S. House-1 Rob Andrews D 41%
Greg Laughlin Other 40%
Bill Bradley Other 39%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart Other 39%
Owen Pickett Other 39%
Ike Skelton Other 39%
Russ Feingold Other 38%
Sam Nunn Other 37%
Lewis Payne, Jr. Other 37%
James Barcia Other 36%
Chet Edwards Other 36%
Norman Sisisky Other 36%
Constance Morella Other 34%
Andrew Jacobs, Jr. Other 33%
Jerry Costello Other 32%
Blanche Lincoln Other 32%
Sherwood Boehlert Other 31%
Calvin Dooley Other 31%
Karen Thurman Other 31%
Benjamin Gilman Other 30%
Lee Hamilton Other 30%
Jane Harman Other 30%
G.V. Montgomery Other 29%
Henry Scott Baesler Other 28%
James Merrill Jeffords Other 28%
AL U.S. Senate-Sr Richard Shelby R 28%
Patsy Ann Danner Other 27%
Charles Wilson Other 27%
Joe Lieberman Other 26%
William Lipinski Other 26%
Pete Peterson Other 26%
Timothy Roemer Other 26%
Earl Pomeroy Other 25%
Mark Hatfield Other 24%
Frank Lautenberg Other 24%
Jeff Bingaman Other 23%
Robert Cramer Other 23%
Daniel Graham Other 23%
Pat Williams Other 23%
NJ U.S. House-6 Frank Pallone, Jr. D 22%
Patricia Schroeder Other 22%
Harold Volkmer Other 22%
WI Mayor-At-Large Tom Barrett D 21%
Kent Conrad Other 21%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. Other 21%
Bart Stupak Other 21%
Frank Tejeda Other 21%
MT U.S. Senate-Sr Max Baucus D 20%
Robert Byrd Other 20%
Ben Campbell Other 20%
Jim Exon Other 20%
TX U.S. House-29 Gene Green D 20%
Bob Kerrey Other 20%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry D 20%
Martin Meehan Other 20%
Richard Bryan Other 19%
E. Kika de la Garza Other 19%
John Glenn Other 19%
John LaFalce Other 19%
Tom Bevill Other 18%
Peter Deutsch Other 18%
CA U.S. Senate-Sr Dianne Feinstein D 18%
Jonas Frost III Other 18%
Charles Robb Other 18%
GA U.S. House-2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. D 17%
David Pryor Other 17%
Dale Bumpers Other 16%
Michael McNulty Other 16%
Rick Boucher Other 15%
John Breaux Other 15%
Byron Dorgan Other 15%
NV U.S. Senate-Sr Harry Reid D 15%
NY U.S. Senate-Sr Chuck Schumer D 15%
Paul Wellstone Other 15%
Tony Hall Other 14%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. Other 14%
Ernest Hollings Other 14%
Gerald Kleczka Other 14%
MI U.S. House-9 Sandy Levin D 14%
Thomas Manton Other 14%
WV U.S. House-3 Nick Rahall II D 14%
Ray Thornton Other 14%
John Bryant Other 13%
Norm Dicks Other 13%
MD U.S. House-5 Steny Hoyer D 13%
NY U.S. House-12 Carolyn Maloney D 13%
Gary Ackerman Other 12%
MD U.S. Senate-Jr Ben Cardin D 12%
William Clay, Sr. Other 12%
MI U.S. House-12 John Dingell D 12%
Victor Fazio Other 12%
Wendell Ford Other 12%
W.G. Hefner Other 12%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. Other 12%
VT U.S. Senate-Sr Patrick Leahy D 12%
Alan Mollohan Other 12%
Jim Oberstar Other 12%
Dave Obey Other 12%
Bill Richardson Other 12%
Paul Simon Other 12%
Robert Torricelli Other 12%
IN U.S. House-1 Pete Visclosky D 12%
Bob Wise, Jr. Other 12%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. D 11%
CA U.S. Senate-Jr Barbara Boxer D 11%
Cardiss Collins Other 11%
Thomas Daschle Other 11%
Chris Dodd Other 11%
Barney Frank Other 11%
Sam Gibbons Other 11%
IL U.S. House-4 Luis Gutierrez D 11%
IA U.S. Senate-Jr Tom Harkin D 11%
Matthew Martinez Other 11%
NJ U.S. Senate-Sr Bob Menendez D 11%
CA U.S. House-11 George Miller D 11%
VA U.S. House-8 Jim Moran, Jr. D 11%
Patrick Moynihan Other 11%
NY U.S. House-13 Charlie Rangel D 11%
Charles Rose III Other 11%
VA U.S. House-3 Bobby Scott D 11%
David Skaggs Other 11%
NC U.S. House-12 Mel Watt D 11%
IL U.S. Senate-Sr Dick Durbin D 10%
Harry Johnston Other 10%
J. Bennett Johnston Other 10%
MA U.S. House-5 Ed Markey D 10%
Carol Moseley Braun Other 10%
AZ U.S. House-7 Ed Pastor D 10%
VT U.S. Senate-Jr Bernie Sanders I 10%
NY U.S. House-25 Louise Slaughter D 10%
Gerry Studds Other 10%
FL U.S. House-5 Corrine Brown D 9%
Ronald Coleman Other 9%
MI U.S. House-13 John Conyers, Jr. D 9%
Cleo Fields Other 9%
Floyd Flake Other 9%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly Other 9%
MI U.S. Senate-Sr Carl Levin D 9%
GA U.S. House-5 John Lewis D 9%
Robert Matsui Other 9%
Cynthia Ann McKinney Other 9%
Major Owens Other 9%
Claiborne Pell Other 9%
Martin Olav Sabo Other 9%
Anthony Beilenson Other 8%
Eva Clayton Other 8%
CT U.S. House-3 Rosa DeLauro D 8%
Ronald Dellums Other 8%
Julian Dixon Other 8%
Richard Andrew Gephardt Other 8%
William Jefferson Other 8%
Joseph Kennedy II Other 8%
Dale Kildee Other 8%
NY U.S. House-17 Nita Lowey D 8%
WA U.S. Senate-Sr Patty Murray D 8%
NY U.S. House-10 Jerry Nadler D 8%
MA U.S. House-1 Richard Neal D 8%
Donald Payne Other 8%
CA U.S. House-12 Nancy Pelosi D 8%
WV U.S. Senate-Sr Jay Rockefeller IV D 8%
IL U.S. House-1 Bobby Rush D 8%
NY U.S. House-15 José Serrano D 8%
Pete Stark Other 8%
Esteban Edward Torres Other 8%
Ed Towns Other 8%
CA U.S. House-43 Maxine Waters D 8%
CA U.S. House-33 Henry Waxman D 8%
Sidney Yates Other 8%
Howard Berman Other 7%
George Brown, Jr. Other 7%
Barbara-Rose Collins Other 7%
CA U.S. House-18 Anna Eshoo D 7%
FL U.S. House-20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. D 7%
TX U.S. House-30 Eddie Johnson D 7%
WA U.S. House-7 Jim McDermott D 7%
Carrie Meek Other 7%
MD U.S. Senate-Sr Barbara Mikulski D 7%
John Olver Other 7%
Paul Sarbanes Other 7%
MS U.S. House-2 Bennie Thompson D 7%
NY U.S. House-7 Nydia Velázquez D 7%
Bruce Vento Other 7%
Albert Wynn Other 7%
NY U.S. House-16 Eliot Engel D 6%
CA U.S. House-20 Sam Farr D 6%
CA Mayor-At-Large Bob Filner D 6%
Daniel Inouye Other 6%
CA U.S. House-34 Xavier Becerra D 5%
David Edward Bonior Other 5%
Henry Gonzalez Other 5%
Maurice Hinchey Other 5%
Tom Lantos Other 5%
John Moakley Other 5%
CA U.S. House-40 Lucille Roybal-Allard D 5%
Lynn Woolsey Other 5%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie D 4%
Lane Evans Other 4%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. Other 3%
Sam Gejdenson Other 3%
Patsy Takemoto Mink Other 3%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.