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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: United States Chamber of Commerce

1996 Positions

State Office District Name Party Rating
Wayne Allard 100%
John Ashcroft 100%
Richard Hugh Baker 100%
Cass Ballenger 100%
Roscoe Bartlett 100%
Charlie Bass 100%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 100%
Kit Bond 100%
Hank Brown 100%
Ed Bryant 100%
Herbert Callahan 100%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 100%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 100%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 100%
Dick Chrysler 100%
IN U.S. Senate Sr Daniel Coats Republican 100%
Larry Combest 100%
Larry Craig 100%
Philip Crane 100%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 100%
Frank Arnold Cremeans 100%
Barbara Cubin 100%
Jay Dickey 100%
Robert Dole 100%
David Dreier 100%
Jennifer Dunn 100%
Bill Emerson 100%
Thomas Ewing 100%
Harris Fawell 100%
Jack Fields, Jr. 100%
William Frist 100%
Elton Gallegly 100%
George Gekas 100%
Wayne Gilchrest 100%
Newt Gingrich 100%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 100%
Slade Gorton 100%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 100%
William Phillip Gramm 100%
Melton Hancock 100%
James Hansen 100%
J. Dennis Hastert 100%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 100%
Wally Herger, Jr. 100%
Henry Hyde 100%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 100%
Dirk Kempthorne 100%
Jay Kim 100%
Jon Kyl 100%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 100%
John Linder 100%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 100%
Connie Mack 100%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 100%
Bill McCollum 100%
James McCrery III 100%
David McIntosh 100%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 100%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 100%
Carlos Moorhead 100%
Don Nickles 100%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 100%
Michael Oxley 100%
Mike Parker 100%
William Paxon 100%
Larry Pressler 100%
Toby Roth 100%
Daniel Schaefer 100%
E.G. Shuster 100%
Joseph Skeen 100%
James Talent 100%
Randy Tate 100%
Fred Thompson 100%
Barbara Vucanovich 100%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 100%
David Weldon 100%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 100%
Bill Zeliff 100%
William Baker 96%
Jim Bunn 96%
Wes Cooley 96%
Robert Dornan 96%
Gary Franks 96%
Dan Frisa 96%
David Funderburk 96%
Enid Greene 96%
Steven Gunderson 96%
Fredrick Kenneth Fred' Heineman 96%
Jim Lightfoot 96%
James Longley, Jr. 96%
G.V. Montgomery 96%
Bill Archer 94%
Richard Armey 94%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 94%
Robert Barr, Jr. 94%
Bill Barrett 94%
Herbert Bateman 94%
Brian Bilbray 94%
Michael Bilirakis 94%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 94%
Henry Bonilla 94%
Sonny Bono 94%
Dan Burton 94%
Steve Buyer 94%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 94%
Michael Collins 94%
Thomas Davis III 94%
John Doolittle 94%
Vern Ehlers 94%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 94%
Terry Everett 94%
Mark Foley 94%
John Ganske 94%
William Goodling 94%
Gilbert Gutknecht 94%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 94%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 94%
Joel Hefley 94%
Van Hilleary 94%
Duncan Hunter 94%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 94%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 94%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 94%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 94%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 94%
Joseph Knollenberg 94%
James Kolbe 94%
Jerry Lewis 94%
Ron Lewis 94%
Don Manzullo 94%
James Nussle 94%
Richard Pombo 94%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 94%
Deborah Pryce 94%
George Radanovich 94%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 94%
Jim Saxton 94%
Joe Scarborough 94%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 94%
Bob Stump 94%
William Thomas 94%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 94%
Todd Tiahrt 94%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 94%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 94%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 93%
Thomas DeLay 93%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 93%
Ronald Packard 93%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 93%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 93%
Nick Smith 93%
William Tauzin 93%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 92%
Bob Bennett 92%
Peter Blute 92%
John Chafee 92%
Paul Coverdell 92%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth 92%
Michael Patrick Flanagan 92%
Tillie Fowler 92%
Rodney Grams 92%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 92%
Judd Gregg 92%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 92%
Kay Hutchison 92%
Susan Molinari 92%
Frank Murkowski 92%
Andrea Seastrand 92%
Bob Smith 92%
Craig Thomas 92%
Strom Thurmond 92%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 91%
Greg Laughlin 91%
John Myers 91%
TX U.S. House 36 Steve Stockman Republican 91%
Mark Hatfield 89%
Nancy Landon Kassebaum 89%
Alan Simpson 89%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 88%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 88%
Thomas Campbell 88%
Mike Castle 88%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 88%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 88%
Jon Lynn Christensen 88%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 88%
Christopher Cox 88%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 88%
Philip English 88%
John Ensign 88%
Pete Geren 88%
Porter Goss 88%
James Greenwood 88%
David Lee Hobson 88%
Pete Hoekstra 88%
John Nathan Hostettler 88%
Sue Kelly 88%
Ray LaHood 88%
Steve LaTourette 88%
Robert Livingston 88%
Scott McInnis 88%
Jan Meyers 88%
Dan Miller 88%
Sue Myrick 88%
Robert William Ney 88%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 88%
James Ramstad 88%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 88%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 88%
John Shadegg 88%
Floyd Spence 88%
Cliff Stearns 88%
Peter Torkildsen 88%
Zach Wamp 88%
Rick White 88%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 87%
Bob Inglis, Sr. 87%
Rick Lazio 87%
Charles Taylor 87%
Gerald Weller 87%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 86%
Stephen Largent 86%
Conrad Burns 85%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 85%
Jesse Helms 85%
Trent Lott, Sr. 85%
Dick Lugar 85%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 85%
William Roth, Jr. 85%
Ted Stevens 85%
John Warner 85%
W. Curtis Weldon 85%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 85%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 83%
Ben Campbell 82%
Douglas Bereuter 81%
Jim Bunning 81%
Randall Cunningham 81%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 81%
Jon David Fox 81%
Robert Franks 81%
Nancy Johnson 81%
Scott Klug 81%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 81%
John McHugh 81%
Jack Quinn 81%
Ralph Regula 81%
Frank Duncan Riggs 81%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 81%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 81%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 81%
Gerald B.H. Solomon 81%
James Walsh 81%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 81%
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 81%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 80%
Stephen Horn 80%
Steven Schiff 80%
Bill Martini 79%
Linda Smith 79%
Rick Santorum 77%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 77%
Olympia Snowe 77%
Arlen Specter 77%
Jack Metcalf 75%
John Edward Porter 75%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 75%
Mark Souder 75%
Richard Zimmer 75%
Michael Patrick Forbes 73%
Paul Gillmor 73%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 73%
Sherwood Boehlert 69%
Alfonse D'Amato 69%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 69%
Herb Kohl 69%
James Leach 69%
Mark Neumann 69%
Christopher Shays 69%
Tom Bevill 67%
Joseph McDade 67%
Norman Sisisky 67%
Gary Condit 63%
Robert Cramer 63%
Jim Exon 63%
Benjamin Gilman 63%
Thomas Holden 63%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 63%
Blanche Lincoln 63%
Sam Nunn 63%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 63%
Owen Pickett 63%
Charles Stenholm 63%
Gene Taylor 63%
John Breaux 62%
James Merrill Jeffords 62%
William Cohen 61%
James Barcia 60%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 60%
Jane Harman 60%
Constance Morella 60%
Ike Skelton 60%
Lewis Payne, Jr. 58%
Charles Rose III 58%
Charles Wilson 58%
Patsy Ann Danner 56%
Bart Gordon 56%
Lee Hamilton 56%
Timothy Roemer 56%
Marge Roukema 56%
John Tanner 56%
Joe Lieberman 54%
Bill Orton 54%
Peter Deutsch 53%
Robert Clement 50%
Chet Edwards 50%
Pete Peterson 48%
J. Bennett Johnston 47%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 46%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 46%
Daniel Graham 46%
Ernest Hollings 46%
Carol Moseley Braun 46%
Charles Robb 46%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 46%
E. Kika de la Garza 45%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 44%
Rick Boucher 44%
Calvin Dooley 44%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 44%
Gerald Kleczka 44%
Glenn Poshard 44%
James Traficant, Jr. 44%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 43%
Henry Scott Baesler 40%
Bill Richardson 40%
David Pryor 39%
Ray Thornton 39%
Richard Bryan 38%
Thomas Daschle 38%
Chris Dodd 38%
Byron Dorgan 38%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 38%
Wendell Ford 38%
Jonas Frost III 38%
Henry Gonzalez 38%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 38%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 38%
W.G. Hefner 38%
Andrew Jacobs, Jr. 38%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 38%
William Lipinski 38%
Frank Mascara 38%
Paul McHale 38%
David Minge 38%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 38%
Claiborne Pell 38%
Frank Tejeda 38%
Harold Volkmer 38%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 38%
Elizabeth Furse 33%
Tony Hall 33%
Daniel Inouye 33%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 33%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 33%
Thomas Manton 33%
Michael McNulty 33%
Carrie Meek 33%
Gary Ackerman 31%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 31%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 31%
John Baldacci 31%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 31%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 31%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 31%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 31%
Russ Feingold 31%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 31%
William Jefferson 31%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 31%
Dale Kildee 31%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 31%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 31%
Matthew Martinez 31%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 31%
Patrick Moynihan 31%
Earl Pomeroy 31%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 31%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 31%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 31%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 31%
John Spratt, Jr. 31%
Robert Torricelli 31%
Paul Wellstone 31%
Albert Wynn 31%
John Bryant 30%
Ronald Coleman 29%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 29%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 29%
Michael Ward 29%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 27%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 27%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 27%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 27%
Sam Gibbons 26%
Pat Williams 26%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 25%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 25%
George Brown, Jr. 25%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 25%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 25%
Jerry Costello 25%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 25%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 25%
Victor Fazio 25%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 25%
Paul Kanjorski 25%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly 25%
John LaFalce 25%
Karen McCarthy 25%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 25%
John Moakley 25%
Alan Mollohan 25%
Jack Murtha 25%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 25%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 25%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 25%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 25%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 25%
Bart Stupak 25%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 25%
Karen Thurman 25%
Bob Wise, Jr. 25%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 23%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 23%
Robert Byrd 23%
Kent Conrad 23%
John Glenn 23%
Bob Kerrey 23%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 23%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 23%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 23%
Paul Sarbanes 23%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 22%
Gerry Studds 22%
Bill Bradley 21%
Paul Simon 21%
OR U.S. House 3 Earl Blumenauer Democratic 20%
Robert Borski, Jr. 20%
Thomas Foglietta 20%
Sam Gejdenson 20%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 20%
Ronald Klink 20%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 20%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 20%
Juanita Millender-McDonald 20%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 20%
Jim Oberstar 20%
Ed Towns 20%
Howard Berman 19%
David Edward Bonior 19%
William Clay, Sr. 19%
William Coyne 19%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 19%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 19%
Norm Dicks 19%
Julian Dixon 19%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 19%
Lane Evans 19%
Maurice Hinchey 19%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 19%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 19%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 19%
William Luther 19%
Robert Matsui 19%
Martin Meehan 19%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Bob Menendez Democratic 19%
Dave Obey 19%
John Olver 19%
Major Owens 19%
Donald Payne 19%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 19%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 19%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 19%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 19%
David Skaggs 19%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 19%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 19%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 19%
Lynn Woolsey 19%
Anthony Beilenson 17%
Dale Bumpers 17%
Harry Johnston 17%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 17%
Patricia Schroeder 17%
Louis Stokes 17%
Jeff Bingaman 15%
Cleo Fields 15%
Frank Lautenberg 15%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 14%
Esteban Edward Torres 14%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 13%
Eva Clayton 13%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 13%
Barney Frank 13%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 13%
Joseph Kennedy II 13%
Patrick Kennedy 13%
Tom Lantos 13%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 13%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 13%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 13%
Martin Olav Sabo 13%
Bruce Vento 13%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 13%
Cardiss Collins 10%
Floyd Flake 8%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 7%
Sidney Yates 7%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 6%
Pete Stark 6%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 6%
Barbara-Rose Collins 5%
Ronald Dellums 0%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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