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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: The Cato Institute

1999-2000 Trade Barrier Votes Score

Issues: Trade
State Office District Name Party Rating
Judy Biggert 100%
RI Governor Linc Chafee Independent 100%
Larry Combest 100%
John Cooksey 100%
Norm Dicks 100%
Calvin Dooley 100%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 100%
Wally Herger, Jr. 100%
Christopher John 100%
Nancy Johnson 100%
WI U.S. House 3 Ron Kind Democratic 100%
Ray LaHood 100%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 100%
James Leach 100%
John Linder 100%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 100%
Dick Lugar 100%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 100%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 100%
James Ramstad 100%
Christopher Shays 100%
WA U.S. House 9 Adam Smith Democratic 100%
SD U.S. Senate Jr John Thune Republican 100%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 100%
George Voinovich 100%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 93%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 93%
Peter Fitzgerald 93%
William Frist 93%
Don Nickles 93%
Thomas Allen 89%
Brian Baird 89%
Charlie Bass 89%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 89%
Douglas Bereuter 89%
Marion Berry 89%
OR U.S. House 3 Earl Blumenauer Democratic 89%
Sherwood Boehlert 89%
Mary Bono Mack 89%
CA U.S. House 24 Lois Capps Democratic 89%
Mike Castle 89%
Robert Cramer 89%
CO U.S. House 1 Diana DeGette Democratic 89%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 89%
Chet Edwards 89%
Vern Ehlers 89%
Philip English 89%
Harold Ford, Jr. 89%
Charlie Gonzalez 89%
Baron Hill 89%
TX U.S. House 15 Rubén Hinojosa, Sr. Democratic 89%
Darlene Hooley 89%
WA Governor Jay Inslee Democratic 89%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 89%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 89%
John LaFalce 89%
Stephen Largent 89%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 89%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 89%
Don Manzullo 89%
Robert Matsui 89%
Martin Meehan 89%
Dennis Moore 89%
KS U.S. Senate Jr Jerry Moran Republican 89%
Constance Morella 89%
James Nussle 89%
Michael Oxley 89%
Earl Pomeroy 89%
NC U.S. House 4 David Price Democratic 89%
George Radanovich 89%
WI U.S. House 1 Paul Ryan Republican 89%
Max Sandlin, Jr. 89%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 89%
TX U.S. House 32 Pete Sessions Republican 89%
IL U.S. House 15 John Shimkus Republican 89%
ID U.S. House 2 Mike Simpson Republican 89%
Vic Snyder 89%
Charles Stenholm 89%
John Sununu 89%
John Tanner 89%
Ellen Tauscher 89%
NE U.S. House 2 Lee Terry Republican 89%
CA U.S. House 5 Mike Thompson Democratic 89%
Karen Thurman 89%
James Turner 89%
Anthony Weiner 89%
Leonard Boswell 88%
William Jefferson 88%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 88%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 88%
Kit Bond 87%
WY U.S. Senate Sr Mike Enzi Republican 87%
NA U.S. Secretary of Defense Charles Hagel Republican 87%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 87%
LA U.S. Senate Sr Mary Landrieu Democratic 87%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 87%
John Warner 87%
Howard Berman 86%
Scott McInnis 86%
Timothy Roemer 86%
Gerald Weller 86%
Wayne Allard 80%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 80%
John Breaux 80%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 80%
William Phillip Gramm 80%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 80%
Blanche Lincoln 80%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 80%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 80%
Gordon Smith 80%
Craig Thomas 80%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 80%
Jeff Bingaman 79%
Richard Armey 78%
Richard Hugh Baker 78%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 78%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 78%
MO U.S. Senate Jr Roy Blunt Republican 78%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 78%
Henry Bonilla 78%
Allen Boyd, Jr. 78%
TX U.S. House 8 Kevin Brady Republican 78%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 78%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 78%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 78%
Eva Clayton 78%
Robert Clement 78%
Philip Crane 78%
Randall Cunningham 78%
James Davis 78%
Thomas Davis III 78%
James DeMint 78%
David Dreier 78%
Jennifer Dunn 78%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 78%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 78%
Mark Foley 78%
Vito Fossella, Jr. 78%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 78%
Wayne Gilchrest 78%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 78%
Porter Goss 78%
TX U.S. House 12 Kay Granger Republican 78%
James Greenwood 78%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 78%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 78%
PA Commissioner At-Large Joseph Hoeffel 78%
Pete Hoekstra 78%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 78%
Kenny Hulshof 78%
Asa Hutchinson 78%
GA U.S. Senate Jr Johnny Isakson Republican 78%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 78%
Joseph Knollenberg 78%
James Kolbe 78%
Nicholas Lampson 78%
CT U.S. House 1 John Larson Democratic 78%
Steve LaTourette 78%
Jerry Lewis 78%
William Luther 78%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 78%
NY U.S. House 4 Carolyn McCarthy Democratic 78%
Karen McCarthy 78%
James McCrery III 78%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 78%
Michael McNulty 78%
NY U.S. House 5 Gregory Meeks Democratic 78%
Juanita Millender-McDonald 78%
Dan Miller 78%
CA U.S. House 31 Gary Miller Republican 78%
CA U.S. House 32 Grace Napolitano Democratic 78%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 78%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 78%
Anne Northup 78%
Doug Ose 78%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 78%
Charles Pickering, Jr. 78%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 78%
Deborah Pryce 78%
Thomas Reynolds 78%
Ciro Rodriguez 78%
Jim Ryun 78%
John Shadegg 78%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 78%
Donald Sherwood 78%
Nick Smith 78%
Bob Stump 78%
William Tauzin 78%
William Thomas 78%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 78%
Todd Tiahrt 78%
PA U.S. Senate Jr Pat Toomey Republican 78%
OR U.S. House 2 Greg Walden Republican 78%
Wesley Watkins 78%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 78%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 78%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 78%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 78%
Heather Wilson 78%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 77%
Chris Cannon 75%
Julia Carson 75%
Thomas DeLay 75%
Judd Gregg 75%
Gilbert Gutknecht 75%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 75%
Sue Myrick 75%
John Peterson 75%
PA U.S. House 16 Joe Pitts Republican 75%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 75%
LA U.S. Senate Jr David Vitter Republican 75%
Bob Bennett 73%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 73%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 73%
Thomas Daschle 73%
Daniel Graham 73%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 73%
Kay Hutchison 73%
Jon Kyl 73%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 73%
Frank Murkowski 73%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 73%
Rick Santorum 73%
Fred Thompson 73%
Chris Dodd 71%
Daniel Inouye 69%
Gary Ackerman 67%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 67%
Cass Ballenger 67%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 67%
Rick Boucher 67%
Ed Bryant 67%
Herbert Callahan 67%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 67%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 67%
Larry Craig 67%
Barbara Cubin 67%
Jo Ann Emerson 67%
Bob Etheridge 67%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 67%
Ernest Fletcher 67%
Jonas Frost III 67%
Elton Gallegly 67%
John Ganske 67%
George Gekas 67%
Paul Gillmor 67%
Bart Gordon 67%
Mark Green 67%
James Hansen 67%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 67%
NJ U.S. House 12 Rush Holt, Jr. Democratic 67%
Henry Hyde 67%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 67%
Paul Kanjorski 67%
Sue Kelly 67%
Gerald Kleczka 67%
Ron Lewis 67%
Joe Lieberman 67%
Trent Lott, Sr. 67%
KY Commissioner of the Department of Veterans' Affairs Kenneth Lucas Democratic 67%
MA U.S. House 2 Jim McGovern Democratic 67%
John Moakley 67%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 67%
Ron Paul 67%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 67%
Ralph Regula 67%
Silvestre Reyes 67%
Marge Roukema 67%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 67%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 67%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 67%
Ronnie Shows 67%
Joseph Skeen 67%
Ike Skelton 67%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 67%
Ted Stevens 67%
Ed Towns 67%
James Walsh 67%
W. Curtis Weldon 67%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 67%
James Merrill Jeffords 64%
Herb Kohl 64%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 64%
Maurice Hinchey 63%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 63%
John McHugh 63%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 63%
Evan Bayh 60%
Conrad Burns 60%
Kent Conrad 60%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 60%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 60%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 60%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 60%
Arlen Specter 60%
John Baldacci 56%
Shelley Berkley 56%
Rod Blagojevich 56%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 56%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 56%
Christopher Cox 56%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 56%
IL U.S. House 7 Danny Davis Democratic 56%
Peter Deutsch 56%
John Doolittle 56%
Tony Hall 56%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 56%
David Lee Hobson 56%
Thomas Holden 56%
Carolyn Kilpatrick 56%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 56%
James Maloney 56%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 56%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 56%
John Olver 56%
Major Owens 56%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 56%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 56%
David Phelps 56%
Martin Olav Sabo 56%
Jim Saxton 56%
CA U.S. House 30 Brad Sherman Democratic 56%
John Sweeney 56%
Stephanie Tubbs Jones 56%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 56%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 54%
Joseph Maxwell Cleland 53%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 53%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 53%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 53%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 53%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 53%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 50%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 50%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 50%
Carrie Meek 50%
Jim Oberstar 50%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 50%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 50%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 50%
Albert Wynn 50%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 47%
Byron Dorgan 47%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 47%
Paul Sarbanes 47%
AL U.S. Senate Jr Jeff Sessions III Republican 47%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 44%
Robert Borski, Jr. 44%
Steve Buyer 44%
MA U.S. House 7 Mike Capuano Democratic 44%
Gary Condit 44%
Jerry Costello 44%
William Coyne 44%
NY U.S. House 14 Joe Crowley Democratic 44%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 44%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 44%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 44%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 44%
Lane Evans 44%
Barney Frank 44%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 44%
Tom Lantos 44%
CA U.S. House 13 Barbara Lee Democratic 44%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 44%
Jack Murtha 44%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 44%
Donald Payne 44%
Jack Quinn 44%
CO State Board of Education 4 Robert Schaffer Republican 44%
IL U.S. House 9 Jan Schakowsky Democratic 44%
Pete Stark 44%
MA U.S. House 6 John Tierney Democratic 44%
CO U.S. Senate Sr Mark Udall Democratic 44%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 44%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 44%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 44%
Lynn Woolsey 44%
David Wu 44%
MO U.S. House 1 Lacy Clay, Jr. Democratic 43%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 43%
CA U.S. House 46 Loretta Sanchez Democratic 43%
Floyd Spence 43%
Ben Campbell 40%
ME U.S. Senate Sr Susan Collins Republican 40%
John Edwards 40%
Russ Feingold 40%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 40%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 40%
Terry Everett 38%
Dave Obey 38%
Joe Scarborough 38%
NM U.S. Senate Sr Thomas Udall Democratic 38%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 33%
AL U.S. House 4 Robert Aderholt Republican 33%
WI U.S. Senate Jr Tammy Baldwin Democratic 33%
James Barcia 33%
Michael Bilirakis 33%
David Edward Bonior 33%
PA U.S. House 1 Bob Brady Democratic 33%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 33%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 33%
Robert Byrd 33%
Michael Collins 33%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 33%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 33%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 33%
Benjamin Gilman 33%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 33%
Joel Hefley 33%
Van Hilleary 33%
Stephen Horn 33%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 33%
Dale Kildee 33%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 33%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 33%
Dennis Kucinich 33%
Frank Mascara 33%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 33%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 33%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 33%
Bob Riley 33%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 33%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 33%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 33%
Bob Smith 33%
John Spratt, Jr. 33%
Cliff Stearns 33%
Ted Strickland 33%
Tom Tancredo 33%
Strom Thurmond 33%
Robert Torricelli 33%
David Weldon 33%
Paul Wellstone 33%
Robert Wexler 33%
Jim Bunning 29%
Dan Burton 29%
Bill Delahunt 29%
Olympia Snowe 27%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 25%
Alan Mollohan 25%
Bart Stupak 25%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 22%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 22%
VA U.S. House 4 Randy Forbes Republican 22%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 22%
Jim Gibbons 22%
Robert Hayes 22%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 22%
NC U.S. House 7 Mike McIntyre Democratic 22%
Robert William Ney 22%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 22%
NJ U.S. House 9 Bill Pascrell, Jr. Democratic 22%
Richard Pombo 22%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 22%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 22%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 22%
Steve Rothman 22%
Mark Souder 22%
Charles Taylor 22%
Gene Taylor 22%
Zach Wamp 22%
Jesse Helms 14%
Ernest Hollings 13%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 13%
Robert Barr, Jr. 11%
Roscoe Bartlett 11%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 11%
Virgil Goode, Jr. 11%
John Nathan Hostettler 11%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 11%
Patrick Kennedy 11%
William Lipinski 11%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 11%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 11%
James Traficant, Jr. 11%
Duncan Hunter 0%
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 0%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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