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Access Candidates' and Representatives' Biographies, Voting Records, Interest Group Ratings, Issue Positions, Public Statements, and Campaign Finances

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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: Population Connection

1996 Positions

Issues: Social
State Office District Name Party Rating
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 0%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 0%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 0%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 0%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 100%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 0%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 100%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 89%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 100%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 100%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 100%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 0%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 10%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 90%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 10%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 0%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 0%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 100%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 100%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 0%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 10%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 100%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 0%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 0%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 100%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 0%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 88%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 100%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 100%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 90%
IN U.S. Senate Sr Daniel Coats Republican 0%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 0%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 0%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 0%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 0%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 0%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 100%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 100%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 20%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 100%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 100%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 0%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 60%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 100%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 100%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 100%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 89%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 10%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 100%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 0%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 0%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 100%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 78%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 100%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 100%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 0%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 88%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 20%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 10%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 80%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 100%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 56%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 0%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 100%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 100%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 10%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 0%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 80%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 100%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 100%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 0%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 11%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 0%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 0%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 0%
OR U.S. House 3 Earl Blumenauer Democratic 100%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 100%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 100%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 100%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 33%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 100%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 10%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 100%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 0%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 89%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 10%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 100%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 0%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 100%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 0%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 100%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 10%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 89%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 100%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 0%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 90%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 89%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 0%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 0%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 100%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 10%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 89%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 0%
Gary Ackerman 100%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 100%
Wayne Allard 0%
Bill Archer 0%
Richard Armey 0%
John Ashcroft 0%
Henry Scott Baesler 90%
Richard Hugh Baker 0%
John Baldacci 100%
Cass Ballenger 0%
James Barcia 20%
Robert Barr, Jr. 0%
Bill Barrett 0%
Roscoe Bartlett 0%
Charlie Bass 90%
Herbert Bateman 13%
Bob Bennett 13%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 100%
Douglas Bereuter 30%
Howard Berman 100%
Brian Bilbray 70%
Michael Bilirakis 0%
Jeff Bingaman 78%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 0%
Sherwood Boehlert 90%
Kit Bond 0%
Henry Bonilla 20%
David Edward Bonior 50%
Sonny Bono 30%
Robert Borski, Jr. 40%
Rick Boucher 100%
John Breaux 22%
George Brown, Jr. 100%
Richard Bryan 89%
Ed Bryant 0%
Dale Bumpers 88%
Jim Bunning 0%
Conrad Burns 0%
Dan Burton 0%
Steve Buyer 0%
Robert Byrd 89%
Herbert Callahan 0%
Ben Campbell 78%
Thomas Campbell 100%
Mike Castle 90%
John Chafee 89%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 0%
Jon Lynn Christensen 0%
William Clay, Sr. 100%
Eva Clayton 100%
Robert Clement 88%
Michael Collins 0%
Larry Combest 0%
Gary Condit 90%
Kent Conrad 67%
Jerry Costello 10%
Paul Coverdell 0%
Christopher Cox 0%
William Coyne 10%
Larry Craig 0%
Robert Cramer 90%
Philip Crane 0%
Barbara Cubin 11%
Randall Cunningham 0%
Alfonse D'Amato 0%
Patsy Ann Danner 50%
Thomas Daschle 89%
Thomas Davis III 70%
Thomas DeLay 0%
Ronald Dellums 100%
Peter Deutsch 100%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 10%
Jay Dickey 0%
Norm Dicks 100%
Julian Dixon 90%
Chris Dodd 100%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 22%
Calvin Dooley 90%
John Doolittle 0%
Byron Dorgan 67%
David Dreier 0%
Jennifer Dunn 67%
Chet Edwards 78%
Vern Ehlers 20%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 70%
Philip English 10%
John Ensign 0%
Lane Evans 100%
Terry Everett 0%
Thomas Ewing 0%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth 0%
Harris Fawell 90%
Victor Fazio 100%
Russ Feingold 100%
Floyd Flake 100%
Thomas Foglietta 100%
Mark Foley 70%
Michael Patrick Forbes 10%
Wendell Ford 33%
Tillie Fowler 60%
Jon David Fox 20%
Barney Frank 100%
Robert Franks 90%
William Frist 11%
Jonas Frost III 100%
Elizabeth Furse 100%
Elton Gallegly 0%
John Ganske 50%
Sam Gejdenson 100%
George Gekas 40%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 100%
Wayne Gilchrest 90%
Paul Gillmor 10%
Benjamin Gilman 90%
Newt Gingrich 25%
John Glenn 100%
Henry Gonzalez 100%
William Goodling 0%
Bart Gordon 100%
Slade Gorton 33%
Porter Goss 20%
Daniel Graham 89%
William Phillip Gramm 0%
Rodney Grams 0%
James Greenwood 90%
Judd Gregg 11%
Gilbert Gutknecht 0%
Tony Hall 13%
Lee Hamilton 40%
James Hansen 0%
Jane Harman 100%
J. Dennis Hastert 0%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 0%
Joel Hefley 0%
W.G. Hefner 100%
Jesse Helms 0%
Wally Herger, Jr. 0%
Van Hilleary 0%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 100%
Maurice Hinchey 100%
David Lee Hobson 60%
Pete Hoekstra 0%
Thomas Holden 20%
Ernest Hollings 100%
Stephen Horn 90%
John Nathan Hostettler 0%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 90%
Duncan Hunter 0%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 0%
Kay Hutchison 0%
Henry Hyde 0%
Bob Inglis, Sr. 0%
Daniel Inouye 100%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 0%
William Jefferson 100%
James Merrill Jeffords 100%
Nancy Johnson 90%
Paul Kanjorski 40%
Sue Kelly 90%
Dirk Kempthorne 0%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 100%
Joseph Kennedy II 100%
Patrick Kennedy 100%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly 100%
Bob Kerrey 100%
Dale Kildee 20%
Jay Kim 0%
Gerald Kleczka 78%
Ronald Klink 40%
Scott Klug 90%
Joseph Knollenberg 0%
Herb Kohl 100%
James Kolbe 80%
Jon Kyl 0%
John LaFalce 20%
Ray LaHood 0%
Tom Lantos 100%
Stephen Largent 0%
Steve LaTourette 10%
Rick Lazio 90%
James Leach 70%
Jerry Lewis 20%
Ron Lewis 0%
Joe Lieberman 78%
John Linder 0%
William Lipinski 90%
Robert Livingston 0%
Trent Lott, Sr. 0%
Dick Lugar 0%
William Luther 100%
Connie Mack 0%
Thomas Manton 20%
Don Manzullo 0%
Matthew Martinez 100%
Frank Mascara 30%
Robert Matsui 100%
Karen McCarthy 100%
Bill McCollum 0%
James McCrery III 0%
Joseph McDade 14%
Paul McHale 80%
John McHugh 10%
Scott McInnis 33%
David McIntosh 0%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 100%
Michael McNulty 50%
Martin Meehan 100%
Carrie Meek 100%
Jack Metcalf 20%
Dan Miller 20%
David Minge 90%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 100%
John Moakley 100%
Susan Molinari 70%
Alan Mollohan 10%
Constance Morella 80%
Carol Moseley Braun 100%
Patrick Moynihan 100%
Frank Murkowski 0%
Jack Murtha 20%
Sue Myrick 0%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 22%
Mark Neumann 0%
Robert William Ney 10%
Don Nickles 0%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 0%
James Nussle 0%
Jim Oberstar 30%
Dave Obey 80%
John Olver 100%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 0%
Major Owens 100%
Michael Oxley 10%
Mike Parker 10%
William Paxon 0%
Donald Payne 100%
Owen Pickett 90%
Richard Pombo 0%
Earl Pomeroy 100%
John Edward Porter 80%
Glenn Poshard 0%
Deborah Pryce 78%
Jack Quinn 10%
George Radanovich 0%
James Ramstad 90%
Ralph Regula 30%
Bill Richardson 100%
Frank Duncan Riggs 20%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 100%
Charles Robb 100%
Timothy Roemer 20%
William Roth, Jr. 56%
Marge Roukema 90%
Martin Olav Sabo 100%
Rick Santorum 0%
Paul Sarbanes 100%
Jim Saxton 20%
Joe Scarborough 10%
Daniel Schaefer 0%
Steven Schiff 70%
John Shadegg 0%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 50%
Christopher Shays 100%
E.G. Shuster 0%
Norman Sisisky 90%
David Skaggs 100%
Joseph Skeen 0%
Ike Skelton 10%
Linda Smith 0%
Nick Smith 0%
Bob Smith 0%
Olympia Snowe 88%
Gerald B.H. Solomon 0%
Mark Souder 0%
Arlen Specter 78%
Floyd Spence 0%
John Spratt, Jr. 100%
Pete Stark 100%
Cliff Stearns 0%
Charles Stenholm 10%
Ted Stevens 50%
Louis Stokes 88%
Bob Stump 0%
Bart Stupak 20%
James Talent 0%
John Tanner 80%
William Tauzin 0%
Charles Taylor 0%
Gene Taylor 20%
Frank Tejeda 0%
Craig Thomas 22%
William Thomas 70%
Fred Thompson 11%
Karen Thurman 100%
Strom Thurmond 0%
Todd Tiahrt 0%
Esteban Edward Torres 100%
Ed Towns 100%
James Traficant, Jr. 60%
Bruce Vento 100%
James Walsh 0%
Zach Wamp 0%
John Warner 0%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 0%
David Weldon 0%
W. Curtis Weldon 10%
Gerald Weller 0%
Paul Wellstone 100%
Rick White 80%
Bob Wise, Jr. 100%
Lynn Woolsey 100%
Albert Wynn 100%
Sidney Yates 100%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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