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Special Interest Groups

Interest Group Ratings

Rating Group: Population Connection

1996 Positions

Issues: Social Issues
State Office District Name Party Rating
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 0%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 0%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 0%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 0%
AZ U.S. Senate Jr Jon Kyl Republican 0%
AZ U.S. House 4 Edward Pastor Democratic 100%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 100%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 89%
CA U.S. House 2 Wally Herger, Jr. Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 6 Lynn Woolsey Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 7 George Miller Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 8 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 13 Pete Stark Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 14 Anna Eshoo Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 16 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 17 Sam Farr Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 24 Elton Gallegly Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 26 David Dreier Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 28 Howard Berman Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 30 Henry Waxman Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 31 Xavier Becerra Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 34 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 35 Maxine Waters Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 40 Ed Royce Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 41 Jerry Lewis Republican 20%
CA U.S. House 44 Ken Calvert Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 46 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 50 Brian Bilbray Republican 70%
CA U.S. House 51 Bob Filner Democratic 100%
CT U.S. Senate Sr Joe Lieberman Independent Democrat 78%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 100%
FL U.S. House 3 Corrine Brown Democratic 100%
FL U.S. House 6 Cliff Stearns Republican 0%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 0%
FL U.S. House 10 Bill Young Republican 10%
FL U.S. House 18 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 10%
FL U.S. House 23 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 90%
FL Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 0%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 0%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 0%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 100%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 100%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 10%
HI U.S. Senate Sr Daniel Inouye Democratic 100%
HI U.S. Senate Jr Daniel Akaka, Sr. Democratic 100%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 100%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 0%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 100%
IA U.S. House 4 Tom Latham Republican 0%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 0%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 100%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 88%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 100%
IL U.S. House 12 Jerry Costello Democratic 10%
IL U.S. House 16 Don Manzullo Republican 0%
IN U.S. Senate Sr Dick Lugar Republican 0%
IN U.S. Senate Jr Daniel Coats Republican 0%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 90%
IN U.S. House 5 Dan Burton Republican 0%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 0%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 0%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 0%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 0%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 0%
MA U.S. Senate Sr John Kerry Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 1 John Olver Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 2 Richard Neal Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 4 Barney Frank Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 7 Ed Markey Democratic 100%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 100%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 100%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 100%
MD U.S. House 6 Roscoe Bartlett Republican 0%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 20%
ME U.S. Senate Sr Olympia Snowe Republican 88%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 89%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 0%
MI U.S. House 5 Dale Kildee Democratic 20%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 60%
MI U.S. House 12 Sandy Levin Democratic 100%
MI U.S. House 14 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 100%
MI U.S. House 15 John Dingell Democratic 100%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 10%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 0%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 0%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 100%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 100%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 78%
NA U.S. Secretary of Transportation Ray LaHood Republican 0%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 9 Sue Myrick Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 100%
ND U.S. Senate Sr Kent Conrad Democratic-NPL 67%
NH U.S. House 2 Charlie Bass Republican 90%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 88%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 20%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 10%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 80%
NM U.S. Senate Sr Jeff Bingaman Democratic 78%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 56%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 3 Pete King Republican 0%
NY U.S. House 5 Gary Ackerman Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 8 Jerry Nadler Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 10 Ed Towns Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 12 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 14 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 15 Charlie Rangel Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 16 José Serrano Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 17 Eliot Engel Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 18 Nita Lowey Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 22 Maurice Hinchey Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 28 Louise Slaughter Democratic 100%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 100%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 0%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 10%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 0%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 80%
OH U.S. House 14 Steve LaTourette Republican 10%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 0%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 100%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 11%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 0%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 0%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 100%
OR U.S. House 3 Earl Blumenauer Democratic 100%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 100%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 100%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 33%
PA U.S. House 17 Thomas Holden Democratic 20%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 100%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 0%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 100%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 89%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 0%
TX U.S. Senate Sr Kay Hutchison Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 10%
TX U.S. House 25 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 100%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 0%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 100%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 0%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 100%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 10%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 89%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 100%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 89%
WA U.S. House 4 Richard Hastings Republican 0%
WA U.S. House 6 Norm Dicks Democratic 100%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 90%
WI U.S. Senate Sr Herb Kohl Democratic 100%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 0%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 0%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 100%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 89%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 10%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 0%
Wayne Allard 0%
William Archer 0%
Richard Armey 0%
John Ashcroft 0%
Henry Scott Baesler 90%
Richard Hugh Baker 0%
John Baldacci 100%
Cass Ballenger 0%
James Barcia 20%
Robert Barr, Jr. 0%
William Barrett 0%
Herbert Bateman 13%
Bob Bennett 13%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 100%
Douglas Bereuter 30%
Michael Bilirakis 0%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 0%
Sherwood Boehlert 90%
Kit Bond 0%
Henry Bonilla 20%
David Edward Bonior 50%
Sonny Bono 30%
Robert Borski, Jr. 40%
Rick Boucher 100%
Carol Moseley Braun 100%
John Breaux 22%
George Brown, Jr. 100%
Richard Bryan 89%
Ed Bryant 0%
Dale Bumpers 88%
Jim Bunning 0%
Conrad Burns 0%
Steve Buyer 0%
Robert Byrd 89%
Herbert Callahan 0%
Ben Campbell 78%
Thomas Campbell 100%
Mike Castle 90%
John Chafee 89%
Helen Chenoweth 0%
Jon Lynn Christensen 0%
William Clay, Sr. 100%
Eva Clayton 100%
Robert Clement 88%
Mac Collins 0%
Larry Combest 0%
Gary Condit 90%
Paul Coverdell 0%
Christopher Cox 0%
William Coyne 10%
Larry Craig 0%
Robert Cramer 90%
Philip Crane 0%
Barbara Cubin 11%
Randall Cunningham 0%
Alfonse D'Amato 0%
Patsy Ann Danner 50%
Thomas Daschle 89%
Thomas Davis III 70%
Thomas DeLay 0%
Ronald Dellums 100%
Peter Deutsch 100%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 10%
Jay Dickey 0%
Julian Dixon 90%
Chris Dodd 100%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 22%
Calvin Dooley 90%
John Doolittle 0%
Byron Dorgan 67%
Jennifer Dunn 67%
Chet Edwards 78%
Vern Ehlers 20%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 70%
Philip English 10%
John Ensign 0%
Lane Evans 100%
Terry Everett 0%
Thomas Ewing 0%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth 0%
Harris Fawell 90%
Victor Fazio 100%
Russ Feingold 100%
Floyd Flake 100%
Thomas Foglietta 100%
Mark Foley 70%
Michael Patrick Forbes 10%
Wendell Ford 33%
Tillie Fowler 60%
Jon David Fox 20%
Robert Franks 90%
William Frist 11%
Jonas Frost III 100%
Elizabeth Furse 100%
John Ganske 50%
Sam Gejdenson 100%
George Gekas 40%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 100%
Wayne Gilchrest 90%
Paul Gillmor 10%
Benjamin Gilman 90%
Newt Gingrich 25%
John Glenn 100%
Henry Gonzalez 100%
William Goodling 0%
Bart Gordon 100%
Slade Gorton 33%
Porter Goss 20%
Daniel Graham 89%
William Phillip Gramm 0%
Rodney Grams 0%
James Greenwood 90%
Judd Gregg 11%
Gilbert Gutknecht 0%
Tony Hall 13%
Lee Hamilton 40%
James Hansen 0%
Jane Harman 100%
J. Dennis Hastert 0%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 0%
Joel Hefley 0%
W.G. Hefner 100%
Jesse Helms 0%
Van Hilleary 0%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 100%
David Lee Hobson 60%
Pete Hoekstra 0%
Ernest Hollings 100%
Stephen Horn 90%
John Nathan Hostettler 0%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 90%
Duncan Hunter 0%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 0%
Henry Hyde 0%
Bob Inglis, Sr. 0%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 0%
William Jefferson 100%
James Merrill Jeffords 100%
Nancy Johnson 90%
Paul Kanjorski 40%
Sue Kelly 90%
Dirk Kempthorne 0%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 100%
Joseph Kennedy II 100%
Patrick Kennedy 100%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly 100%
Bob Kerrey 100%
Jay Kim 0%
Gerald Kleczka 78%
Ronald Klink 40%
Scott Klug 90%
Joseph Knollenberg 0%
James Kolbe 80%
John LaFalce 20%
Tom Lantos 100%
Stephen Largent 0%
Rick Lazio 90%
James Leach 70%
Ron Lewis 0%
John Linder 0%
William Lipinski 90%
Robert Livingston 0%
Trent Lott, Sr. 0%
William Luther 100%
Connie Mack 0%
Thomas Manton 20%
Matthew Martinez 100%
Frank Mascara 30%
Robert Matsui 100%
Karen McCarthy 100%
Bill McCollum 0%
James McCrery III 0%
Joseph McDade 14%
Paul McHale 80%
John McHugh 10%
Scott McInnis 33%
David McIntosh 0%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 100%
Michael McNulty 50%
Martin Meehan 100%
Carrie Meek 100%
Jack Metcalf 20%
Dan Miller 20%
David Minge 90%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 100%
John Moakley 100%
Susan Molinari 70%
Alan Mollohan 10%
Constance Morella 80%
Daniel Patrick Moynihan 100%
Frank Murkowski 0%
Jack Murtha 20%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 22%
Mark Neumann 0%
Robert William Ney 10%
Don Nickles 0%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 0%
James Nussle 0%
Jim Oberstar 30%
Dave Obey 80%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 0%
Major Owens 100%
Michael Oxley 10%
Paul Michael Parker 10%
William Paxon 0%
Donald Payne 100%
Owen Pickett 90%
Richard Pombo 0%
Earl Pomeroy 100%
John Edward Porter 80%
Glenn Poshard 0%
Deborah Pryce 78%
Jack Quinn 10%
George Radanovich 0%
James Ramstad 90%
Ralph Regula 30%
Bill Richardson 100%
Frank Duncan Riggs 20%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 100%
Charles Robb 100%
Timothy Roemer 20%
William Roth, Jr. 56%
Marge Roukema 90%
Martin Olav Sabo 100%
Matthew Salmon 0%
Mark Sanford, Jr. 10%
Rick Santorum 0%
Paul Sarbanes 100%
H. James Saxton 20%
Joe Scarborough 10%
Daniel Schaefer 0%
Steven Schiff 70%
John Shadegg 0%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 50%
Christopher Shays 100%
E.G. Shuster 0%
Norman Sisisky 90%
David Skaggs 100%
Joseph Skeen 0%
Ike Skelton 10%
Linda Smith 0%
Nick Smith 0%
Bob Smith 0%
Gerald B.H. Solomon 0%
Mark Souder 0%
Arlen Specter 78%
Floyd Spence 0%
John Spratt, Jr. 100%
Charles Stenholm 10%
Ted Stevens 50%
Louis Stokes 88%
Robert Stump 0%
Bart Stupak 20%
James Talent 0%
John Tanner 80%
William Tauzin 0%
Charles Taylor 0%
Gene Taylor 20%
Frank Tejeda 0%
Craig Thomas 22%
William Thomas 70%
Fred Thompson 11%
Karen Thurman 100%
Strom Thurmond 0%
Todd Tiahrt 0%
Esteban Edward Torres 100%
James Traficant, Jr. 60%
Bruce Vento 100%
James Walsh 0%
Zach Wamp 0%
John Warner 0%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 0%
David Weldon 0%
W. Curtis Weldon 10%
Gerald Weller 0%
Paul Wellstone 100%
Rick White 80%
Robert Wise, Jr. 100%
Albert Wynn 100%
Sidney Yates 100%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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