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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: Home School Legal Defense Association

1997-1998 Positions

State Office District Name Party Rating
AL U.S. House 4 Robert Aderholt Republican 100%
Bill Archer 100%
John Ashcroft 100%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 100%
Robert Barr, Jr. 100%
Roscoe Bartlett 100%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 100%
MO U.S. Senate Jr Roy Blunt Republican 100%
Sonny Bono 100%
TX U.S. House 8 Kevin Brady Republican 100%
Ed Bryant 100%
Ben Campbell 100%
Chris Cannon 100%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 100%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 100%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 100%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 100%
Michael Collins 100%
Christopher Cox 100%
Philip Crane 100%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 100%
Barbara Cubin 100%
John Doolittle 100%
Terry Everett 100%
Paul Gillmor 100%
Virgil Goode, Jr. 100%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 100%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 100%
Joel Hefley 100%
Jesse Helms 100%
Rick Hill 100%
Van Hilleary 100%
Pete Hoekstra 100%
John Nathan Hostettler 100%
Asa Hutchinson 100%
Bob Inglis, Sr. 100%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 100%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 100%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 100%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 100%
Scott Klug 100%
Stephen Largent 100%
Don Manzullo 100%
David McIntosh 100%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 100%
KS U.S. Senate Jr Jerry Moran Republican 100%
Mark Neumann 100%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 100%
William Paxon 100%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 100%
Richard Pombo 100%
George Radanovich 100%
Bob Riley 100%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 100%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 100%
Jim Ryun 100%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 100%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 100%
Joe Scarborough 100%
Daniel Schaefer 100%
CO State Board of Education 4 Robert Schaffer Republican 100%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 100%
AL U.S. Senate Jr Jeff Sessions III Republican 100%
TX U.S. House 32 Pete Sessions Republican 100%
Bob Smith 100%
Vincent Snowbarger 100%
Cliff Stearns 100%
Bob Stump 100%
James Talent 100%
Todd Tiahrt 100%
Zach Wamp 100%
David Weldon 100%
Heather Wilson 100%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 100%
Wayne Allard 80%
Richard Armey 80%
Richard Hugh Baker 80%
Cass Ballenger 80%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 80%
Charlie Bass 80%
Bob Bennett 80%
Douglas Bereuter 80%
Michael Bilirakis 80%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 80%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 80%
Kit Bond 80%
Henry Bonilla 80%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 80%
Jim Bunning 80%
Conrad Burns 80%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 80%
Steve Buyer 80%
Herbert Callahan 80%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 80%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 80%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 80%
Mike Castle 80%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 80%
Jon Lynn Christensen 80%
Larry Combest 80%
Merrill Cook 80%
Paul Coverdell 80%
Larry Craig 80%
Randall Cunningham 80%
Thomas Davis III 80%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 80%
Thomas DeLay 80%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 80%
Jay Dickey 80%
David Dreier 80%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 80%
Jennifer Dunn 80%
Vern Ehlers 80%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 80%
Jo Ann Emerson 80%
Philip English 80%
John Ensign 80%
Thomas Ewing 80%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth 80%
Mark Foley 80%
Tillie Fowler 80%
Jon David Fox 80%
Robert Franks 80%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 80%
Elton Gallegly 80%
John Ganske 80%
George Gekas 80%
Jim Gibbons 80%
Wayne Gilchrest 80%
William Goodling 80%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 80%
William Phillip Gramm 80%
Rodney Grams 80%
TX U.S. House 12 Kay Granger Republican 80%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 80%
James Greenwood 80%
Gilbert Gutknecht 80%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 80%
James Hansen 80%
J. Dennis Hastert 80%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 80%
Stephen Horn 80%
Kenny Hulshof 80%
Duncan Hunter 80%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 80%
Kay Hutchison 80%
Henry Hyde 80%
William Lewis Jenkins 80%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 80%
Dirk Kempthorne 80%
Jay Kim 80%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 80%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 80%
Joseph Knollenberg 80%
James Kolbe 80%
Jon Kyl 80%
Ray LaHood 80%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 80%
Steve LaTourette 80%
Rick Lazio 80%
Jerry Lewis 80%
Ron Lewis 80%
John Linder 80%
Robert Livingston 80%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 80%
Connie Mack 80%
James McCrery III 80%
Scott McInnis 80%
Jack Metcalf 80%
Dan Miller 80%
Sue Myrick 80%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 80%
Don Nickles 80%
Anne Northup 80%
James Nussle 80%
Michael Oxley 80%
Ronald Packard 80%
Michael Pappas 80%
John Peterson 80%
PA U.S. House 16 Joe Pitts Republican 80%
John Edward Porter 80%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 80%
Bill Redmond 80%
Ralph Regula 80%
James Rogan 80%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 80%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 80%
Marge Roukema 80%
Jim Saxton 80%
John Shadegg 80%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 80%
Christopher Shays 80%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 80%
IL U.S. House 15 John Shimkus Republican 80%
E.G. Shuster 80%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 80%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 80%
Linda Smith 80%
Nick Smith 80%
Robert Smith 80%
Gerald B.H. Solomon 80%
Mark Souder 80%
Floyd Spence 80%
John Sununu 80%
William Tauzin 80%
Charles Taylor 80%
Gene Taylor 80%
William Thomas 80%
Fred Thompson 80%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 80%
SD U.S. Senate Jr John Thune Republican 80%
Strom Thurmond 80%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 80%
James Walsh 80%
Wesley Watkins 80%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 80%
W. Curtis Weldon 80%
Gerald Weller 80%
Rick White 80%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 80%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 80%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 80%
John Cooksey 75%
Harris Fawell 75%
Vito Fossella, Jr. 75%
Porter Goss 75%
Wally Herger, Jr. 75%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 75%
Bill McCollum 75%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 75%
Joseph McDade 75%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 75%
Mike Parker 75%
Ron Paul 75%
Edward Pease 75%
Charles Pickering, Jr. 75%
Deborah Pryce 75%
Jack Quinn 75%
Frank Duncan Riggs 75%
Dan Burton 66%
James Leach 66%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 60%
Bill Barrett 60%
Herbert Bateman 60%
Brian Bilbray 60%
Thomas Campbell 60%
IN U.S. Senate Sr Daniel Coats Republican 60%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 60%
ME U.S. Senate Sr Susan Collins Republican 60%
Patsy Ann Danner 60%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 60%
WY U.S. Senate Sr Mike Enzi Republican 60%
Michael Patrick Forbes 60%
William Frist 60%
Slade Gorton 60%
Judd Gregg 60%
NA U.S. Secretary of Defense Charles Hagel Republican 60%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 60%
David Lee Hobson 60%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 60%
Christopher John 60%
Sue Kelly 60%
William Lipinski 60%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 60%
Trent Lott, Sr. 60%
Dick Lugar 60%
John McHugh 60%
Frank Murkowski 60%
Robert William Ney 60%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 60%
James Ramstad 60%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 60%
William Roth, Jr. 60%
Rick Santorum 60%
Joseph Skeen 60%
Gordon Smith 60%
Ted Stevens 60%
Craig Thomas 60%
John Warner 60%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 50%
Tony Hall 50%
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 50%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 40%
Sherwood Boehlert 40%
Allen Boyd, Jr. 40%
Robert Clement 40%
Gary Condit 40%
Alfonse D'Amato 40%
Lane Evans 40%
Benjamin Gilman 40%
Thomas Holden 40%
Paul McHale 40%
NC U.S. House 7 Mike McIntyre Democratic 40%
Alan Mollohan 40%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 40%
Constance Morella 40%
Owen Pickett 40%
Timothy Roemer 40%
Norman Sisisky 40%
WA U.S. House 9 Adam Smith Democratic 40%
Olympia Snowe 40%
Charles Stenholm 40%
Ted Strickland 40%
Bart Stupak 40%
James Traficant, Jr. 40%
James Turner 40%
Esteban Edward Torres 33%
John Baldacci 25%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 25%
Rod Blagojevich 25%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 25%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 25%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 25%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 25%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly 25%
Ronald Klink 25%
Thomas Manton 25%
Carrie Meek 25%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 25%
John Moakley 25%
Glenn Poshard 25%
CA U.S. House 46 Loretta Sanchez Democratic 25%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 25%
Bob Wise, Jr. 25%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 20%
Gary Ackerman 20%
Thomas Allen 20%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 20%
Henry Scott Baesler 20%
James Barcia 20%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 20%
Howard Berman 20%
Marion Berry 20%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 20%
David Edward Bonior 20%
Leonard Boswell 20%
Rick Boucher 20%
John Breaux 20%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 20%
George Brown, Jr. 20%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 20%
Robert Byrd 20%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 20%
Julia Carson 20%
John Chafee 20%
Eva Clayton 20%
Joseph Maxwell Cleland 20%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 20%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 20%
Jerry Costello 20%
William Coyne 20%
Robert Cramer 20%
IL U.S. House 7 Danny Davis Democratic 20%
CO U.S. House 1 Diana DeGette Democratic 20%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 20%
Peter Deutsch 20%
Norm Dicks 20%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 20%
Julian Dixon 20%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 20%
Calvin Dooley 20%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 20%
Chet Edwards 20%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 20%
Bob Etheridge 20%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 20%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 20%
Victor Fazio 20%
Russ Feingold 20%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 20%
Harold Ford, Jr. 20%
Jonas Frost III 20%
Elizabeth Furse 20%
Sam Gejdenson 20%
Bart Gordon 20%
Lee Hamilton 20%
Jane Harman 20%
W.G. Hefner 20%
Maurice Hinchey 20%
TX U.S. House 15 Rubén Hinojosa, Sr. Democratic 20%
Darlene Hooley 20%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 20%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 20%
William Jefferson 20%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 20%
Jay Johnson 20%
Nancy Johnson 20%
Paul Kanjorski 20%
Dale Kildee 20%
WI U.S. House 3 Ron Kind Democratic 20%
Gerald Kleczka 20%
John LaFalce 20%
Nicholas Lampson 20%
Tom Lantos 20%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 20%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 20%
Joe Lieberman 20%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 20%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 20%
William Luther 20%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 20%
James Maloney 20%
Matthew Martinez 20%
Frank Mascara 20%
NY U.S. House 4 Carolyn McCarthy Democratic 20%
Karen McCarthy 20%
MA U.S. House 2 Jim McGovern Democratic 20%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 20%
Martin Meehan 20%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 20%
Juanita Millender-McDonald 20%
David Minge 20%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 20%
Jack Murtha 20%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 20%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 20%
John Olver 20%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 20%
Major Owens 20%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 20%
NJ U.S. House 9 Bill Pascrell, Jr. Democratic 20%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 20%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 20%
Earl Pomeroy 20%
NC U.S. House 4 David Price Democratic 20%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 20%
Silvestre Reyes 20%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 20%
Ciro Rodriguez 20%
Steve Rothman 20%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 20%
Martin Olav Sabo 20%
Max Sandlin, Jr. 20%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 20%
CA U.S. House 30 Brad Sherman Democratic 20%
David Skaggs 20%
Ike Skelton 20%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 20%
Vic Snyder 20%
John Spratt, Jr. 20%
MI U.S. Senate Jr Debbie Stabenow Democratic 20%
John Tanner 20%
Ellen Tauscher 20%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 20%
Karen Thurman 20%
MA U.S. House 6 John Tierney Democratic 20%
Robert Torricelli 20%
Bruce Vento 20%
Robert Wexler 20%
Bob Weygand 20%
Lynn Woolsey 20%
Albert Wynn 20%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 0%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 0%
Jeff Bingaman 0%
OR U.S. House 3 Earl Blumenauer Democratic 0%
Robert Borski, Jr. 0%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 0%
PA U.S. House 1 Bob Brady Democratic 0%
Richard Bryan 0%
Dale Bumpers 0%
Walter Holden Capps 0%
William Clay, Sr. 0%
Kent Conrad 0%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 0%
Thomas Daschle 0%
James Davis 0%
Bill Delahunt 0%
Chris Dodd 0%
Byron Dorgan 0%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 0%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 0%
Wendell Ford 0%
Barney Frank 0%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 0%
John Glenn 0%
Henry Gonzalez 0%
Daniel Graham 0%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 0%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 0%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 0%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 0%
Ernest Hollings 0%
Daniel Inouye 0%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 0%
James Merrill Jeffords 0%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 0%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 0%
Joseph Kennedy II 0%
Patrick Kennedy 0%
Bob Kerrey 0%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 0%
Carolyn Kilpatrick 0%
Herb Kohl 0%
Dennis Kucinich 0%
LA U.S. Senate Sr Mary Landrieu Democratic 0%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 0%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 13 Barbara Lee Democratic 0%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 0%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 0%
Robert Matsui 0%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 0%
Michael McNulty 0%
NY U.S. House 5 Gregory Meeks Democratic 0%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 0%
Carol Moseley Braun 0%
Patrick Moynihan 0%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 0%
Jim Oberstar 0%
Dave Obey 0%
Donald Payne 0%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 0%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 0%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 0%
Charles Robb 0%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 0%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 0%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 0%
Paul Sarbanes 0%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 0%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 0%
Arlen Specter 0%
Pete Stark 0%
Louis Stokes 0%
Ed Towns 0%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 0%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 0%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 0%
Paul Wellstone 0%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 0%
Sidney Yates 0%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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