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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: Home School Legal Defense Association

1997-1998 Positions

State Office District Name Party Rating
Edmond Spencer Abraham 60%
Gary Ackerman 20%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 0%
Wayne Allard 80%
Thomas Allen 20%
Bill Archer 100%
Richard Armey 80%
John Ashcroft 100%
Henry Scott Baesler 20%
Richard Hugh Baker 80%
John Baldacci 25%
Cass Ballenger 80%
James Barcia 20%
Robert Barr, Jr. 100%
Bill Barrett 60%
Roscoe Bartlett 100%
Charlie Bass 80%
Herbert Bateman 60%
Bob Bennett 80%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 20%
Douglas Bereuter 80%
Howard Berman 20%
Marion Berry 20%
Brian Bilbray 60%
Michael Bilirakis 80%
Jeff Bingaman 0%
Rod Blagojevich 25%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 80%
Sherwood Boehlert 40%
Kit Bond 80%
Henry Bonilla 80%
David Edward Bonior 20%
Sonny Bono 100%
Robert Borski, Jr. 0%
Leonard Boswell 20%
Rick Boucher 20%
Allen Boyd, Jr. 40%
John Breaux 20%
George Brown, Jr. 20%
Richard Bryan 0%
Ed Bryant 100%
Dale Bumpers 0%
Jim Bunning 80%
Conrad Burns 80%
Dan Burton 66%
Steve Buyer 80%
Robert Byrd 20%
Herbert Callahan 80%
Ben Campbell 100%
Thomas Campbell 60%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 80%
Chris Cannon 100%
Walter Holden Capps 0%
Julia Carson 20%
Mike Castle 80%
John Chafee 20%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 100%
Jon Lynn Christensen 80%
William Clay, Sr. 0%
Eva Clayton 20%
Joseph Maxwell Cleland 20%
Robert Clement 40%
Michael Collins 100%
Larry Combest 80%
Gary Condit 40%
Kent Conrad 0%
Merrill Cook 80%
John Cooksey 75%
Jerry Costello 20%
Paul Coverdell 80%
Christopher Cox 100%
William Coyne 20%
Larry Craig 80%
Robert Cramer 20%
Philip Crane 100%
Barbara Cubin 100%
Randall Cunningham 80%
Alfonse D'Amato 40%
Patsy Ann Danner 60%
Thomas Daschle 0%
James Davis 0%
Thomas Davis III 80%
Bill Delahunt 0%
Thomas DeLay 80%
Peter Deutsch 20%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 80%
Jay Dickey 80%
Norm Dicks 20%
Julian Dixon 20%
Chris Dodd 0%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 50%
Calvin Dooley 20%
John Doolittle 100%
Byron Dorgan 0%
David Dreier 80%
Jennifer Dunn 80%
Chet Edwards 20%
Vern Ehlers 80%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 80%
Jo Ann Emerson 80%
Philip English 80%
John Ensign 80%
Bob Etheridge 20%
Lane Evans 40%
Terry Everett 100%
Thomas Ewing 80%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth 80%
Harris Fawell 75%
Victor Fazio 20%
Russ Feingold 20%
Mark Foley 80%
Michael Patrick Forbes 60%
Harold Ford, Jr. 20%
Wendell Ford 0%
Vito Fossella, Jr. 75%
Tillie Fowler 80%
Jon David Fox 80%
Barney Frank 0%
Robert Franks 80%
William Frist 60%
Jonas Frost III 20%
Elizabeth Furse 20%
Elton Gallegly 80%
John Ganske 80%
Sam Gejdenson 20%
George Gekas 80%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 0%
Jim Gibbons 80%
Wayne Gilchrest 80%
Paul Gillmor 100%
Benjamin Gilman 40%
John Glenn 0%
Henry Gonzalez 0%
Virgil Goode, Jr. 100%
William Goodling 80%
Bart Gordon 20%
Slade Gorton 60%
Porter Goss 75%
Daniel Graham 0%
William Phillip Gramm 80%
Rodney Grams 80%
James Greenwood 80%
Judd Gregg 60%
Gilbert Gutknecht 80%
Tony Hall 50%
Lee Hamilton 20%
James Hansen 80%
Jane Harman 20%
J. Dennis Hastert 80%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 80%
Joel Hefley 100%
W.G. Hefner 20%
Jesse Helms 100%
Wally Herger, Jr. 75%
Rick Hill 100%
Van Hilleary 100%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 0%
Maurice Hinchey 20%
David Lee Hobson 60%
Pete Hoekstra 100%
Thomas Holden 40%
Ernest Hollings 0%
Darlene Hooley 20%
Stephen Horn 80%
John Nathan Hostettler 100%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 60%
Kenny Hulshof 80%
Duncan Hunter 80%
Asa Hutchinson 100%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 80%
Kay Hutchison 80%
Henry Hyde 80%
Bob Inglis, Sr. 100%
Daniel Inouye 0%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 100%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 0%
William Jefferson 20%
James Merrill Jeffords 0%
William Lewis Jenkins 80%
Christopher John 60%
Jay Johnson 20%
Nancy Johnson 20%
Paul Kanjorski 20%
Sue Kelly 60%
Dirk Kempthorne 80%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 0%
Joseph Kennedy II 0%
Patrick Kennedy 0%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly 25%
Bob Kerrey 0%
Dale Kildee 20%
Carolyn Kilpatrick 0%
Jay Kim 80%
Gerald Kleczka 20%
Ronald Klink 25%
Scott Klug 100%
Joseph Knollenberg 80%
Herb Kohl 0%
James Kolbe 80%
Dennis Kucinich 0%
Jon Kyl 80%
John LaFalce 20%
Ray LaHood 80%
Nicholas Lampson 20%
Tom Lantos 20%
Stephen Largent 100%
Steve LaTourette 80%
Rick Lazio 80%
James Leach 66%
Jerry Lewis 80%
Ron Lewis 80%
Joe Lieberman 20%
John Linder 80%
William Lipinski 60%
Robert Livingston 80%
Trent Lott, Sr. 60%
Dick Lugar 60%
William Luther 20%
Connie Mack 80%
James Maloney 20%
Thomas Manton 25%
Don Manzullo 100%
Matthew Martinez 20%
Frank Mascara 20%
Robert Matsui 0%
Karen McCarthy 20%
Bill McCollum 75%
James McCrery III 80%
Joseph McDade 75%
Paul McHale 40%
John McHugh 60%
Scott McInnis 80%
David McIntosh 100%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 20%
Michael McNulty 0%
Martin Meehan 20%
Carrie Meek 25%
Jack Metcalf 80%
Juanita Millender-McDonald 20%
Dan Miller 80%
David Minge 20%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 20%
John Moakley 25%
Alan Mollohan 40%
Constance Morella 40%
Carol Moseley Braun 0%
Patrick Moynihan 0%
Frank Murkowski 60%
Jack Murtha 20%
Sue Myrick 80%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 80%
Mark Neumann 100%
Robert William Ney 60%
Don Nickles 80%
Anne Northup 80%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 100%
James Nussle 80%
Jim Oberstar 0%
Dave Obey 0%
John Olver 20%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 20%
Major Owens 20%
Michael Oxley 80%
Ronald Packard 80%
Michael Pappas 80%
Mike Parker 75%
Ron Paul 75%
William Paxon 100%
Donald Payne 0%
Edward Pease 75%
John Peterson 80%
Charles Pickering, Jr. 75%
Owen Pickett 40%
Richard Pombo 100%
Earl Pomeroy 20%
John Edward Porter 80%
Glenn Poshard 25%
Deborah Pryce 75%
Jack Quinn 75%
George Radanovich 100%
James Ramstad 60%
Bill Redmond 80%
Ralph Regula 80%
Silvestre Reyes 20%
Frank Duncan Riggs 75%
Bob Riley 100%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 20%
Charles Robb 0%
Ciro Rodriguez 20%
Timothy Roemer 40%
James Rogan 80%
William Roth, Jr. 60%
Steve Rothman 20%
Marge Roukema 80%
Jim Ryun 100%
Martin Olav Sabo 20%
Max Sandlin, Jr. 20%
Rick Santorum 60%
Paul Sarbanes 0%
Jim Saxton 80%
Joe Scarborough 100%
Daniel Schaefer 100%
John Shadegg 80%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 80%
Christopher Shays 80%
E.G. Shuster 80%
Norman Sisisky 40%
David Skaggs 20%
Joseph Skeen 60%
Ike Skelton 20%
Gordon Smith 60%
Linda Smith 80%
Nick Smith 80%
Bob Smith 100%
Robert Smith 80%
Vincent Snowbarger 100%
Olympia Snowe 40%
Vic Snyder 20%
Gerald B.H. Solomon 80%
Mark Souder 80%
Arlen Specter 0%
Floyd Spence 80%
John Spratt, Jr. 20%
Pete Stark 0%
Cliff Stearns 100%
Charles Stenholm 40%
Ted Stevens 60%
Louis Stokes 0%
Ted Strickland 40%
Bob Stump 100%
Bart Stupak 40%
John Sununu 80%
James Talent 100%
John Tanner 20%
Ellen Tauscher 20%
William Tauzin 80%
Charles Taylor 80%
Gene Taylor 80%
Craig Thomas 60%
William Thomas 80%
Fred Thompson 80%
Karen Thurman 20%
Strom Thurmond 80%
Todd Tiahrt 100%
Esteban Edward Torres 33%
Robert Torricelli 20%
Ed Towns 0%
James Traficant, Jr. 40%
James Turner 40%
Bruce Vento 20%
James Walsh 80%
Zach Wamp 100%
John Warner 60%
Wesley Watkins 80%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 80%
David Weldon 100%
W. Curtis Weldon 80%
Gerald Weller 80%
Paul Wellstone 0%
Robert Wexler 20%
Bob Weygand 20%
Rick White 80%
Heather Wilson 100%
Bob Wise, Jr. 25%
Lynn Woolsey 20%
Albert Wynn 20%
Sidney Yates 0%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 20%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 20%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 80%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 25%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 20%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 40%
OR U.S. House 3 Earl Blumenauer Democratic 0%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 0%
PA U.S. House 1 Bob Brady Democratic 0%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 20%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 20%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 20%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 20%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 20%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 0%
IL U.S. House 7 Danny Davis Democratic 20%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 25%
CO U.S. House 1 Diana DeGette Democratic 20%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 20%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 20%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 20%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 20%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 0%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 20%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 25%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 20%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 20%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 20%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 0%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 25%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 0%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 0%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 0%
TX U.S. House 15 Rubén Hinojosa, Sr. Democratic 20%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 20%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 20%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 20%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 0%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 25%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 0%
WI U.S. House 3 Ron Kind Democratic 20%
LA U.S. Senate Sr Mary Landrieu Democratic 0%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 0%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 13 Barbara Lee Democratic 0%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 0%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 20%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 20%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 20%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 20%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 20%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 0%
NY U.S. House 4 Carolyn McCarthy Democratic 20%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 0%
MA U.S. House 2 Jim McGovern Democratic 20%
NC U.S. House 7 Mike McIntyre Democratic 40%
NY U.S. House 5 Gregory Meeks Democratic 0%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 20%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 25%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 40%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 0%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 20%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 20%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 20%
NJ U.S. House 9 Bill Pascrell, Jr. Democratic 20%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 20%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 20%
NC U.S. House 4 David Price Democratic 20%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 0%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 20%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 0%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 0%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 20%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 46 Loretta Sanchez Democratic 25%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 20%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 25%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 0%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 30 Brad Sherman Democratic 20%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 20%
WA U.S. House 9 Adam Smith Democratic 40%
MI U.S. Senate Jr Debbie Stabenow Democratic 20%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 20%
MA U.S. House 6 John Tierney Democratic 20%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 0%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 0%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 0%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 0%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 60%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 0%
AL U.S. House 4 Robert Aderholt Republican 100%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 100%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 100%
MO U.S. Senate Jr Roy Blunt Republican 100%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 80%
TX U.S. House 8 Kevin Brady Republican 100%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 80%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 80%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 80%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 80%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 100%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 80%
IN U.S. Senate Sr Daniel Coats Republican 60%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 100%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 100%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 60%
ME U.S. Senate Sr Susan Collins Republican 60%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 100%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 80%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 60%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 80%
WY U.S. Senate Sr Mike Enzi Republican 60%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 80%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 100%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 80%
TX U.S. House 12 Kay Granger Republican 80%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 80%
NA U.S. Secretary of Defense Charles Hagel Republican 60%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 80%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 100%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 60%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 100%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 100%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 100%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 80%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 80%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 80%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 80%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 60%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 80%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 75%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 75%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 75%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 100%
KS U.S. Senate Jr Jerry Moran Republican 100%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 100%
PA U.S. House 16 Joe Pitts Republican 80%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 80%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 60%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 80%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 100%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 80%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 100%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 100%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 100%
CO State Board of Education 4 Robert Schaffer Republican 100%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 100%
AL U.S. Senate Jr Jeff Sessions III Republican 100%
TX U.S. House 32 Pete Sessions Republican 100%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 80%
IL U.S. House 15 John Shimkus Republican 80%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 80%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 80%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 80%
SD U.S. Senate Jr John Thune Republican 80%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 80%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 80%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 80%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 80%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 100%
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 50%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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