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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: National Journal

1996 Conservative on Defense/Foreign Policy Score

Issues:
State Office District Name Party Rating
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 79%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 65%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 72%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 54%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 79%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 29%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 40%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 17%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 16%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 79%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 15%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 0%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 47%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 10%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 79%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 13%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 50%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 10%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 22%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 36%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 79%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 72%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 26%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 72%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 79%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 65%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 65%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 52%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 10%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 65%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 35%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 49%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 0%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 65%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 79%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 0%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 10%
IN U.S. Senate Sr Daniel Coats Republican 74%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 36%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 74%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 55%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 72%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 18%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 0%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 31%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 25%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 37%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 15%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 0%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 48%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 27%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 16%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 16%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 0%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 21%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 65%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 72%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 37%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 28%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 7%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 17%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 79%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 79%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 52%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 0%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 11%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 22%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 52%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 35%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 71%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 22%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 59%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 36%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 14%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 62%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 0%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 0%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 15%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 0%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 10%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 13%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 0%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 13%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 14%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 65%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 46%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 79%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 22%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 79%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 24%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 70%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 74%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 54%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 79%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 16%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 10%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 0%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 25%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 79%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 54%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 37%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 43%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 79%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 56%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 65%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 65%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 21%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 79%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 26%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 34%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 10%
TX U.S. House 36 Steve Stockman Republican 65%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 74%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 40%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 56%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 29%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 72%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 0%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 0%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 0%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 65%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 0%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 43%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 43%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 0%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 27%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 34%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 74%
Gary Ackerman 29%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 34%
Bill Archer 79%
Richard Armey 79%
John Ashcroft 74%
Henry Scott Baesler 43%
Richard Hugh Baker 72%
William Baker 73%
John Baldacci 29%
Cass Ballenger 79%
James Barcia 43%
Robert Barr, Jr. 79%
Bill Barrett 65%
Roscoe Bartlett 65%
Charlie Bass 60%
Herbert Bateman 63%
Anthony Beilenson 0%
Bob Bennett 57%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 29%
Douglas Bereuter 54%
Howard Berman 0%
Tom Bevill 46%
Brian Bilbray 59%
Michael Bilirakis 79%
Jeff Bingaman 23%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 79%
Peter Blute 50%
Sherwood Boehlert 63%
Kit Bond 63%
Henry Bonilla 79%
David Edward Bonior 19%
Sonny Bono 72%
Robert Borski, Jr. 19%
Rick Boucher 22%
Bill Bradley 28%
John Breaux 50%
Bill Brewster 44%
Glen Browder 50%
George Brown, Jr. 0%
Hank Brown 48%
Richard Bryan 17%
Ed Bryant 79%
John Bryant 34%
Dale Bumpers 0%
Jim Bunn 59%
Jim Bunning 79%
Conrad Burns 74%
Dan Burton 79%
Steve Buyer 79%
Robert Byrd 33%
Herbert Callahan 71%
Ben Campbell 74%
Thomas Campbell 27%
Mike Castle 46%
John Chafee 54%
Jim Chapman 46%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 79%
Jon Lynn Christensen 63%
Dick Chrysler 73%
William Clay, Sr. 0%
Eva Clayton 28%
Robert Clement 42%
William Clinger 48%
William Cohen 81%
Ronald Coleman 32%
Barbara-Rose Collins 14%
Cardiss Collins 0%
Michael Collins 79%
Larry Combest 79%
Gary Condit 37%
Kent Conrad 28%
Wes Cooley 55%
Jerry Costello 37%
Paul Coverdell 74%
Christopher Cox 79%
William Coyne 10%
Larry Craig 74%
Robert Cramer 48%
Philip Crane 79%
Frank Arnold Cremeans 55%
Barbara Cubin 79%
Randall Cunningham 79%
Alfonse D'Amato 63%
Patsy Ann Danner 26%
Thomas Daschle 24%
Thomas Davis III 62%
E. Kika de la Garza 41%
Thomas DeLay 79%
Ronald Dellums 0%
Peter Deutsch 19%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 72%
Jay Dickey 79%
Norm Dicks 37%
Julian Dixon 24%
Chris Dodd 38%
Robert Dole 86%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 62%
Calvin Dooley 22%
John Doolittle 79%
Byron Dorgan 14%
Robert Dornan 85%
David Dreier 79%
Jennifer Dunn 79%
Chet Edwards 46%
Vern Ehlers 31%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 79%
Bill Emerson 85%
Philip English 51%
John Ensign 48%
Lane Evans 0%
Terry Everett 72%
Thomas Ewing 65%
Jim Exon 31%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth 74%
Harris Fawell 55%
Victor Fazio 33%
Russ Feingold 7%
Cleo Fields 17%
Jack Fields, Jr. 85%
Floyd Flake 15%
Michael Patrick Flanagan 65%
Thomas Foglietta 0%
Mark Foley 54%
Michael Patrick Forbes 72%
Harold Ford, Sr. 0%
Wendell Ford 45%
Tillie Fowler 79%
Jon David Fox 52%
Barney Frank 0%
Gary Franks 73%
Robert Franks 31%
Dan Frisa 85%
William Frist 74%
Jonas Frost III 43%
David Funderburk 85%
Elizabeth Furse 0%
Elton Gallegly 71%
John Ganske 33%
Sam Gejdenson 22%
George Gekas 79%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 27%
Pete Geren 55%
Sam Gibbons 17%
Wayne Gilchrest 63%
Paul Gillmor 64%
Benjamin Gilman 72%
John Glenn 24%
Henry Gonzalez 47%
William Goodling 60%
Bart Gordon 29%
Slade Gorton 58%
Porter Goss 79%
Daniel Graham 36%
William Phillip Gramm 74%
Rodney Grams 70%
Enid Greene 73%
James Greenwood 56%
Judd Gregg 58%
Steven Gunderson 52%
Gilbert Gutknecht 50%
Tony Hall 35%
Lee Hamilton 40%
Melton Hancock 85%
James Hansen 72%
Jane Harman 42%
J. Dennis Hastert 72%
Mark Hatfield 6%
James Hayes 50%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 79%
Joel Hefley 79%
W.G. Hefner 37%
Fredrick Kenneth Fred' Heineman 65%
Jesse Helms 74%
Wally Herger, Jr. 79%
Van Hilleary 79%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 27%
Maurice Hinchey 10%
David Lee Hobson 72%
Pete Hoekstra 42%
Martin Hoke 58%
Thomas Holden 45%
Stephen Horn 60%
John Nathan Hostettler 65%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 55%
Duncan Hunter 79%
Kay Hutchison 74%
Henry Hyde 72%
Bob Inglis, Sr. 65%
Daniel Inouye 42%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 79%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 0%
Andrew Jacobs, Jr. 44%
William Jefferson 39%
James Merrill Jeffords 34%
Nancy Johnson 56%
Harry Johnston 7%
J. Bennett Johnston 39%
Paul Kanjorski 22%
Nancy Landon Kassebaum 44%
Sue Kelly 65%
Dirk Kempthorne 74%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 17%
Joseph Kennedy II 0%
Patrick Kennedy 42%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly 33%
Bob Kerrey 30%
Dale Kildee 37%
Jay Kim 79%
Gerald Kleczka 10%
Ronald Klink 31%
Scott Klug 31%
Joseph Knollenberg 72%
Herb Kohl 14%
James Kolbe 55%
Jon Kyl 74%
John LaFalce 16%
Ray LaHood 56%
Tom Lantos 18%
Stephen Largent 79%
Steve LaTourette 53%
Greg Laughlin 59%
Rick Lazio 60%
James Leach 47%
Jerry Lewis 72%
Ron Lewis 79%
Joe Lieberman 45%
Jim Lightfoot 65%
Blanche Lincoln 34%
John Linder 63%
William Lipinski 40%
Robert Livingston 72%
James Longley, Jr. 73%
Trent Lott, Sr. 74%
Dick Lugar 68%
William Luther 16%
Connie Mack 65%
Thomas Manton 35%
Don Manzullo 65%
Matthew Martinez 48%
Bill Martini 49%
Frank Mascara 29%
Robert Matsui 26%
Karen McCarthy 15%
Bill McCollum 79%
James McCrery III 72%
Joseph McDade 70%
Paul McHale 31%
John McHugh 70%
Scott McInnis 52%
David McIntosh 79%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 0%
Michael McNulty 40%
Martin Meehan 10%
Carrie Meek 39%
Jack Metcalf 56%
Jan Meyers 49%
Juanita Millender-McDonald 22%
Dan Miller 65%
David Minge 10%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 19%
John Moakley 0%
Susan Molinari 70%
Alan Mollohan 48%
G.V. Montgomery 43%
Carlos Moorhead 85%
Constance Morella 19%
Carol Moseley Braun 7%
Patrick Moynihan 17%
Frank Murkowski 70%
Jack Murtha 48%
John Myers 85%
Sue Myrick 65%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 79%
Mark Neumann 43%
Robert William Ney 52%
Don Nickles 74%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 79%
Sam Nunn 50%
James Nussle 55%
Jim Oberstar 19%
Dave Obey 16%
John Olver 0%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 48%
Bill Orton 24%
Major Owens 0%
Michael Oxley 79%
Ronald Packard 72%
Mike Parker 63%
William Paxon 79%
Donald Payne 0%
Lewis Payne, Jr. 43%
Claiborne Pell 7%
Pete Peterson 38%
Owen Pickett 48%
Richard Pombo 79%
Earl Pomeroy 25%
John Edward Porter 48%
Glenn Poshard 35%
Larry Pressler 57%
Deborah Pryce 79%
David Pryor 0%
James Quillen 85%
Jack Quinn 79%
George Radanovich 79%
James Ramstad 31%
Ralph Regula 56%
Bill Richardson 34%
Frank Duncan Riggs 56%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 16%
Charles Robb 40%
Timothy Roemer 25%
Charles Rose III 33%
Toby Roth 50%
William Roth, Jr. 68%
Marge Roukema 33%
Martin Olav Sabo 19%
Rick Santorum 74%
Paul Sarbanes 24%
Jim Saxton 79%
Joe Scarborough 79%
Daniel Schaefer 79%
Steven Schiff 79%
Patricia Schroeder 24%
Andrea Seastrand 85%
John Shadegg 79%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 72%
Christopher Shays 27%
E.G. Shuster 79%
Paul Simon 7%
Alan Simpson 54%
Norman Sisisky 52%
David Skaggs 16%
Joseph Skeen 72%
Ike Skelton 47%
Linda Smith 65%
Nick Smith 43%
Bob Smith 74%
Olympia Snowe 58%
Gerald B.H. Solomon 79%
Mark Souder 79%
Arlen Specter 51%
Floyd Spence 72%
John Spratt, Jr. 29%
Pete Stark 0%
Cliff Stearns 79%
Charles Stenholm 41%
Ted Stevens 58%
Louis Stokes 13%
Gerry Studds 0%
Bob Stump 79%
Bart Stupak 16%
James Talent 79%
John Tanner 43%
Randy Tate 73%
William Tauzin 79%
Charles Taylor 72%
Gene Taylor 50%
Frank Tejeda 41%
Craig Thomas 74%
William Thomas 65%
Fred Thompson 74%
Ray Thornton 21%
Karen Thurman 35%
Strom Thurmond 74%
Todd Tiahrt 60%
Peter Torkildsen 48%
Esteban Edward Torres 19%
Ed Towns 0%
James Traficant, Jr. 56%
Bruce Vento 0%
Harold Volkmer 31%
Barbara Vucanovich 59%
Robert Walker 85%
James Walsh 71%
Zach Wamp 65%
Michael Ward 17%
John Warner 74%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 63%
David Weldon 79%
W. Curtis Weldon 65%
Gerald Weller 56%
Paul Wellstone 7%
Rick White 79%
Pat Williams 28%
Charles Wilson 46%
Bob Wise, Jr. 31%
Lynn Woolsey 0%
Albert Wynn 16%
Sidney Yates 0%
Bill Zeliff 73%
Richard Zimmer 48%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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