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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: National Journal

1996 Liberal on Foreign\Defense Policy

Issues:
State Office District Name Party Rating
David Pryor 97%
Anthony Beilenson 93%
Dale Bumpers 93%
Cardiss Collins 93%
Harold Ford, Sr. 93%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 93%
Mark Hatfield 93%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 93%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 93%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 93%
Gerry Studds 93%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 90%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 90%
Howard Berman 90%
George Brown, Jr. 90%
William Clay, Sr. 90%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 90%
Ronald Dellums 90%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 90%
Lane Evans 90%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 90%
Thomas Foglietta 90%
Barney Frank 90%
Elizabeth Furse 90%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 90%
Joseph Kennedy II 90%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 90%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 90%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 90%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 90%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 90%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 90%
David Minge 90%
John Moakley 90%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 90%
John Olver 90%
Major Owens 90%
Donald Payne 90%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 90%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 90%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 90%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 90%
Pete Stark 90%
Ed Towns 90%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 90%
Bruce Vento 90%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 90%
Lynn Woolsey 90%
Sidney Yates 90%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 89%
Russ Feingold 89%
Carol Moseley Braun 89%
Paul Wellstone 89%
Harry Johnston 88%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 88%
William Coyne 87%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 87%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 87%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 87%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 87%
Maurice Hinchey 87%
Gerald Kleczka 87%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 87%
Martin Meehan 87%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 87%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 87%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 86%
Barbara-Rose Collins 86%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 86%
Claiborne Pell 86%
Paul Simon 86%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 86%
Louis Stokes 86%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 86%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 85%
Karen McCarthy 85%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 85%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 85%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 84%
Byron Dorgan 84%
Floyd Flake 84%
Herb Kohl 84%
William Luther 84%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 83%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 82%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 82%
John LaFalce 82%
Tom Lantos 82%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 82%
Dave Obey 82%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 82%
David Skaggs 82%
Bart Stupak 82%
Albert Wynn 82%
Robert Dole 81%
Constance Morella 81%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 81%
David Edward Bonior 79%
Robert Borski, Jr. 79%
Peter Deutsch 79%
Cleo Fields 79%
Sam Gibbons 79%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 79%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 79%
Jim Oberstar 79%
Martin Olav Sabo 79%
Ray Thornton 79%
Esteban Edward Torres 79%
Michael Ward 79%
Juanita Millender-McDonald 78%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 78%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 77%
Richard Bryan 77%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 77%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 77%
Patrick Moynihan 77%
Jeff Bingaman 76%
Rick Boucher 76%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 76%
Calvin Dooley 76%
Sam Gejdenson 76%
Paul Kanjorski 76%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 76%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 76%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 76%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 75%
Julian Dixon 75%
Earl Pomeroy 75%
Timothy Roemer 75%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 75%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 74%
Patsy Ann Danner 73%
Thomas Daschle 73%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 73%
John Glenn 73%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 73%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 73%
Robert Matsui 73%
Bill Orton 73%
Paul Sarbanes 73%
Patricia Schroeder 73%
Thomas Campbell 72%
Eva Clayton 72%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 72%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 72%
Christopher Shays 72%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 72%
Gary Ackerman 71%
Bill Bradley 71%
John Baldacci 70%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 70%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 70%
Kent Conrad 70%
Bart Gordon 70%
Frank Mascara 70%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 70%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 70%
John Spratt, Jr. 70%
Pat Williams 70%
Bob Kerrey 69%
Bob Wise, Jr. 69%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 68%
Harold Volkmer 68%
Ronald Coleman 67%
Vern Ehlers 67%
Victor Fazio 67%
Robert Franks 67%
Ronald Klink 67%
Scott Klug 67%
Paul McHale 67%
James Ramstad 67%
Marge Roukema 67%
Robert Byrd 66%
John Ganske 66%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly 66%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 66%
Charles Rose III 66%
Jim Exon 65%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 65%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 64%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 64%
John Bryant 64%
Tony Hall 64%
James Merrill Jeffords 64%
Blanche Lincoln 64%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 64%
Thomas Manton 64%
Glenn Poshard 64%
Bill Richardson 64%
Karen Thurman 64%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 63%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 63%
Daniel Graham 62%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 62%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 61%
Gary Condit 61%
Jerry Costello 61%
Norm Dicks 61%
Chris Dodd 61%
W.G. Hefner 61%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 61%
Dale Kildee 61%
Pete Peterson 61%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 61%
Ernest Hollings 60%
William Jefferson 60%
J. Bennett Johnston 60%
Carrie Meek 60%
E. Kika de la Garza 59%
Lee Hamilton 59%
William Lipinski 59%
Michael McNulty 59%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 59%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 58%
Pete Hoekstra 58%
Patrick Kennedy 58%
Charles Robb 58%
Charles Stenholm 58%
Frank Tejeda 58%
Robert Clement 57%
Jane Harman 57%
Daniel Inouye 57%
Nick Smith 57%
John Tanner 57%
G.V. Montgomery 56%
Lewis Payne, Jr. 56%
Henry Scott Baesler 55%
James Barcia 55%
Bill Brewster 55%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 55%
Jonas Frost III 55%
Andrew Jacobs, Jr. 55%
Mark Neumann 55%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 55%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 55%
Thomas Holden 54%
Charles Wilson 54%
Mike Castle 53%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 53%
Chet Edwards 53%
Nancy Landon Kassebaum 53%
Tom Bevill 52%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 52%
Jim Chapman 52%
Henry Gonzalez 52%
James Leach 52%
Matthew Martinez 52%
Alan Mollohan 52%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 52%
Ike Skelton 52%
Peter Torkildsen 52%
William Clinger 51%
Wendell Ford 51%
Joe Lieberman 51%
Jan Meyers 51%
Richard Zimmer 51%
Hank Brown 50%
Robert Cramer 50%
John Ensign 50%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 50%
Gilbert Gutknecht 50%
Bill Martini 50%
Jack Murtha 50%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 50%
Owen Pickett 50%
John Edward Porter 50%
John Breaux 49%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 49%
Gene Taylor 49%
Peter Blute 48%
Glen Browder 48%
Philip English 48%
Steven Gunderson 48%
James Hayes 48%
Scott McInnis 48%
Sam Nunn 48%
Toby Roth 48%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 47%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 47%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 47%
Jon David Fox 47%
Robert William Ney 47%
Norman Sisisky 47%
Arlen Specter 47%
Steve LaTourette 46%
Douglas Bereuter 45%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 45%
Mark Foley 45%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 45%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 45%
Alan Simpson 45%
Harris Fawell 44%
Nancy Johnson 44%
James Kolbe 44%
James Nussle 44%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 44%
John Chafee 43%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 43%
Bob Bennett 42%
Wes Cooley 42%
Frank Arnold Cremeans 42%
Pete Geren 42%
Martin Hoke 42%
Brian Bilbray 41%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 41%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 41%
James Greenwood 41%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 41%
Ray LaHood 41%
Jack Metcalf 41%
Ralph Regula 41%
Frank Duncan Riggs 41%
James Traficant, Jr. 41%
Gerald Weller 41%
Charlie Bass 38%
William Goodling 38%
Slade Gorton 38%
Judd Gregg 38%
Stephen Horn 38%
Rick Lazio 38%
Larry Pressler 38%
Olympia Snowe 38%
Ted Stevens 38%
Todd Tiahrt 38%
Sherwood Boehlert 37%
Jon Lynn Christensen 37%
Thomas Davis III 37%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 37%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 37%
Herbert Bateman 36%
Jim Bunn 36%
Wayne Gilchrest 36%
Greg Laughlin 36%
John Linder 36%
Mike Parker 36%
Barbara Vucanovich 36%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 36%
Kit Bond 35%
Alfonse D'Amato 35%
Paul Gillmor 35%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 35%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 32%
Connie Mack 32%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 32%
Bill Barrett 30%
Roscoe Bartlett 30%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 30%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 30%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 30%
Thomas Ewing 30%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 30%
John Nathan Hostettler 30%
Bob Inglis, Sr. 30%
Sue Kelly 30%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 30%
Dick Lugar 30%
Don Manzullo 30%
Joseph McDade 30%
Dan Miller 30%
Susan Molinari 30%
Sue Myrick 30%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 30%
William Roth, Jr. 30%
Linda Smith 30%
William Thomas 30%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 30%
Zach Wamp 30%
W. Curtis Weldon 30%
John McHugh 29%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 28%
Herbert Callahan 28%
Michael Patrick Flanagan 28%
Elton Gallegly 28%
Fredrick Kenneth Fred' Heineman 28%
Jim Lightfoot 28%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 28%
TX U.S. House 36 Steve Stockman Republican 28%
James Walsh 28%
Enid Greene 27%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 26%
Rodney Grams 26%
Frank Murkowski 26%
Richard Hugh Baker 21%
Sonny Bono 21%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 21%
Terry Everett 21%
Michael Patrick Forbes 21%
Benjamin Gilman 21%
James Hansen 21%
J. Dennis Hastert 21%
David Lee Hobson 21%
Henry Hyde 21%
Joseph Knollenberg 21%
Jerry Lewis 21%
Robert Livingston 21%
James McCrery III 21%
Ronald Packard 21%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 21%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 21%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 21%
Joseph Skeen 21%
Floyd Spence 21%
Charles Taylor 21%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 21%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 21%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 21%
William Baker 15%
Dick Chrysler 15%
Gary Franks 15%
James Longley, Jr. 15%
Randy Tate 15%
Bill Zeliff 15%
William Cohen 8%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 0%
Bill Archer 0%
Richard Armey 0%
John Ashcroft 0%
Cass Ballenger 0%
Robert Barr, Jr. 0%
Michael Bilirakis 0%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 0%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 0%
Henry Bonilla 0%
Ed Bryant 0%
Jim Bunning 0%
Conrad Burns 0%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 0%
Dan Burton 0%
Steve Buyer 0%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 0%
Ben Campbell 0%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 0%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 0%
IN U.S. Senate Sr Daniel Coats Republican 0%
Michael Collins 0%
Larry Combest 0%
Paul Coverdell 0%
Christopher Cox 0%
Larry Craig 0%
Philip Crane 0%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 0%
Barbara Cubin 0%
Randall Cunningham 0%
Thomas DeLay 0%
Jay Dickey 0%
John Doolittle 0%
Robert Dornan 0%
David Dreier 0%
Jennifer Dunn 0%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 0%
Bill Emerson 0%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth 0%
Jack Fields, Jr. 0%
Tillie Fowler 0%
Dan Frisa 0%
William Frist 0%
David Funderburk 0%
George Gekas 0%
Porter Goss 0%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 0%
William Phillip Gramm 0%
Melton Hancock 0%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 0%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 0%
Joel Hefley 0%
Jesse Helms 0%
Wally Herger, Jr. 0%
Van Hilleary 0%
Duncan Hunter 0%
Kay Hutchison 0%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 0%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 0%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 0%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 0%
Dirk Kempthorne 0%
Jay Kim 0%
Jon Kyl 0%
Stephen Largent 0%
Ron Lewis 0%
Trent Lott, Sr. 0%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 0%
Bill McCollum 0%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 0%
David McIntosh 0%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 0%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 0%
Carlos Moorhead 0%
John Myers 0%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 0%
Don Nickles 0%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 0%
Michael Oxley 0%
William Paxon 0%
Richard Pombo 0%
Deborah Pryce 0%
James Quillen 0%
Jack Quinn 0%
George Radanovich 0%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 0%
Rick Santorum 0%
Jim Saxton 0%
Joe Scarborough 0%
Daniel Schaefer 0%
Steven Schiff 0%
Andrea Seastrand 0%
John Shadegg 0%
E.G. Shuster 0%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 0%
Bob Smith 0%
Gerald B.H. Solomon 0%
Mark Souder 0%
Cliff Stearns 0%
Bob Stump 0%
James Talent 0%
William Tauzin 0%
Craig Thomas 0%
Fred Thompson 0%
Strom Thurmond 0%
Robert Walker 0%
John Warner 0%
David Weldon 0%
Rick White 0%
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 0%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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