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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: National Journal

1996 Liberal on Social Policy Score

Issues:
State Office District Name Party Rating
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 0%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 0%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 72%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 78%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 0%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 0%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 33%
IN U.S. Senate Sr Daniel Coats Republican 0%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 0%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 80%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 72%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 70%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 0%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 0%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 63%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 10%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Bob Menendez Democratic 84%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 52%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 76%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 84%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 29%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 0%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 23%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 72%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 10%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 28%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 67%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 84%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 80%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 75%
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 10%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 14%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 24%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 84%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 88%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 88%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 88%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 84%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 88%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 23%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 88%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 88%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 88%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 32%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 83%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 0%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 84%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 79%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 24%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 39%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 82%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 52%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 0%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 68%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 88%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 14%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 83%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 88%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 63%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 14%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 14%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 70%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 88%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 77%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 14%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 42%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 79%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 66%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 88%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 44%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 88%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 10%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 84%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 72%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 42%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 35%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 78%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 65%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 44%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 88%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 88%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 88%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 88%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 88%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 88%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 84%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 84%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 14%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 0%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 63%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 14%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 77%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 88%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 48%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 41%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 79%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 14%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 14%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 33%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 88%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 71%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 84%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 79%
TX U.S. House 36 Steve Stockman Republican 21%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 88%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 0%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 69%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 33%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 10%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 88%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 0%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 23%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 55%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 0%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 84%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 14%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 79%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 40%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 38%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 92%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 84%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 78%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 28%
Gary Ackerman 88%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 92%
Bill Archer 0%
Richard Armey 29%
John Ashcroft 0%
Henry Scott Baesler 65%
Richard Hugh Baker 14%
William Baker 21%
John Baldacci 75%
Cass Ballenger 14%
James Barcia 50%
Robert Barr, Jr. 0%
Bill Barrett 14%
Roscoe Bartlett 24%
Charlie Bass 46%
Herbert Bateman 29%
Anthony Beilenson 88%
Bob Bennett 32%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 71%
Douglas Bereuter 40%
Howard Berman 88%
Tom Bevill 53%
Brian Bilbray 52%
Michael Bilirakis 14%
Jeff Bingaman 80%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 0%
Peter Blute 49%
Sherwood Boehlert 68%
Kit Bond 0%
Henry Bonilla 46%
David Edward Bonior 69%
Sonny Bono 42%
Robert Borski, Jr. 63%
Rick Boucher 71%
Bill Bradley 82%
John Breaux 49%
Bill Brewster 30%
Glen Browder 49%
George Brown, Jr. 84%
Hank Brown 30%
Richard Bryan 60%
Ed Bryant 0%
John Bryant 78%
Dale Bumpers 74%
Jim Bunn 36%
Jim Bunning 0%
Conrad Burns 0%
Dan Burton 0%
Steve Buyer 14%
Robert Byrd 67%
Herbert Callahan 0%
Ben Campbell 51%
Thomas Campbell 71%
Mike Castle 55%
John Chafee 63%
Jim Chapman 63%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 35%
Jon Lynn Christensen 14%
Dick Chrysler 0%
William Clay, Sr. 88%
Eva Clayton 84%
Robert Clement 55%
William Clinger 44%
William Cohen 59%
Ronald Coleman 80%
Barbara-Rose Collins 88%
Cardiss Collins 88%
Michael Collins 0%
Larry Combest 0%
Gary Condit 53%
Kent Conrad 56%
Wes Cooley 0%
Jerry Costello 46%
Paul Coverdell 0%
Christopher Cox 0%
William Coyne 84%
Larry Craig 0%
Robert Cramer 60%
Philip Crane 24%
Frank Arnold Cremeans 0%
Barbara Cubin 29%
Randall Cunningham 0%
Alfonse D'Amato 38%
Patsy Ann Danner 42%
Thomas Daschle 80%
Thomas Davis III 53%
E. Kika de la Garza 50%
Thomas DeLay 0%
Ronald Dellums 88%
Peter Deutsch 70%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 49%
Jay Dickey 28%
Norm Dicks 72%
Julian Dixon 88%
Chris Dodd 80%
Robert Dole 23%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 33%
Calvin Dooley 75%
John Doolittle 24%
Robert Dornan 0%
David Dreier 0%
Jennifer Dunn 50%
Chet Edwards 66%
Vern Ehlers 50%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 45%
Bill Emerson 0%
Philip English 29%
John Ensign 38%
Lane Evans 75%
Terry Everett 0%
Thomas Ewing 0%
Jim Exon 50%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth 0%
Harris Fawell 50%
Victor Fazio 79%
Russ Feingold 92%
Cleo Fields 78%
Jack Fields, Jr. 0%
Floyd Flake 73%
Michael Patrick Flanagan 43%
Thomas Foglietta 82%
Mark Foley 49%
Michael Patrick Forbes 40%
Harold Ford, Sr. 72%
Wendell Ford 48%
Tillie Fowler 42%
Jon David Fox 53%
Barney Frank 88%
Gary Franks 57%
Robert Franks 61%
Dan Frisa 0%
William Frist 28%
Jonas Frost III 72%
David Funderburk 21%
Elizabeth Furse 79%
Elton Gallegly 14%
John Ganske 42%
Sam Gejdenson 88%
George Gekas 33%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 77%
Pete Geren 40%
Sam Gibbons 88%
Wayne Gilchrest 61%
Paul Gillmor 10%
Benjamin Gilman 70%
John Glenn 80%
Henry Gonzalez 75%
William Goodling 38%
Bart Gordon 55%
Slade Gorton 33%
Porter Goss 38%
Daniel Graham 70%
William Phillip Gramm 0%
Rodney Grams 0%
Enid Greene 28%
James Greenwood 68%
Steven Gunderson 55%
Gilbert Gutknecht 0%
Tony Hall 62%
Lee Hamilton 41%
Melton Hancock 0%
James Hansen 14%
Jane Harman 71%
J. Dennis Hastert 0%
Mark Hatfield 46%
James Hayes 41%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 35%
Joel Hefley 14%
W.G. Hefner 67%
Fredrick Kenneth Fred' Heineman 0%
Jesse Helms 0%
Wally Herger, Jr. 24%
Van Hilleary 10%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 79%
Maurice Hinchey 73%
David Lee Hobson 39%
Pete Hoekstra 24%
Martin Hoke 38%
Thomas Holden 48%
Ernest Hollings 67%
Stephen Horn 65%
John Nathan Hostettler 33%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 61%
Duncan Hunter 14%
Kay Hutchison 0%
Henry Hyde 35%
Bob Inglis, Sr. 14%
Daniel Inouye 92%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 0%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 88%
Andrew Jacobs, Jr. 65%
William Jefferson 75%
James Merrill Jeffords 62%
Nancy Johnson 67%
Harry Johnston 80%
J. Bennett Johnston 47%
Paul Kanjorski 55%
Nancy Landon Kassebaum 53%
Sue Kelly 57%
Dirk Kempthorne 0%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 92%
Joseph Kennedy II 88%
Patrick Kennedy 82%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly 84%
Bob Kerrey 77%
Dale Kildee 62%
Jay Kim 29%
Gerald Kleczka 70%
Ronald Klink 50%
Scott Klug 59%
Joseph Knollenberg 29%
Herb Kohl 80%
James Kolbe 58%
Jon Kyl 0%
John LaFalce 65%
Ray LaHood 35%
Tom Lantos 88%
Stephen Largent 0%
Steve LaTourette 33%
Greg Laughlin 30%
Frank Lautenberg 80%
Rick Lazio 59%
James Leach 63%
Jerry Lewis 44%
Ron Lewis 24%
Joe Lieberman 63%
Jim Lightfoot 0%
Blanche Lincoln 63%
John Linder 14%
William Lipinski 45%
Robert Livingston 29%
James Longley, Jr. 53%
Trent Lott, Sr. 33%
Dick Lugar 28%
William Luther 72%
Connie Mack 41%
Thomas Manton 59%
Don Manzullo 24%
Matthew Martinez 76%
Bill Martini 58%
Frank Mascara 50%
Robert Matsui 88%
Karen McCarthy 79%
Bill McCollum 29%
James McCrery III 14%
Joseph McDade 40%
Paul McHale 63%
John McHugh 35%
Scott McInnis 45%
David McIntosh 24%
Michael McNulty 63%
Martin Meehan 88%
Carrie Meek 88%
Jack Metcalf 24%
Jan Meyers 63%
Dan Miller 50%
David Minge 60%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 88%
John Moakley 67%
Susan Molinari 58%
Alan Mollohan 62%
G.V. Montgomery 21%
Carlos Moorhead 0%
Constance Morella 84%
Carol Moseley Braun 92%
Patrick Moynihan 66%
Frank Murkowski 0%
Jack Murtha 53%
John Myers 28%
Sue Myrick 014%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 35%
Mark Neumann 10%
Robert William Ney 29%
Don Nickles 0%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 0%
Sam Nunn 63%
James Nussle 29%
Jim Oberstar 65%
Dave Obey 68%
John Olver 88%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 53%
Bill Orton 52%
Major Owens 88%
Michael Oxley 29%
Ronald Packard 14%
Mike Parker 0%
William Paxon 14%
Donald Payne 88%
Lewis Payne, Jr. 61%
Claiborne Pell 85%
Pete Peterson 75%
Owen Pickett 61%
Richard Pombo 24%
Earl Pomeroy 65%
John Edward Porter 58%
Glenn Poshard 46%
Larry Pressler 12%
Deborah Pryce 55%
David Pryor 66%
James Quillen 0%
Jack Quinn 50%
George Radanovich 0%
James Ramstad 48%
Ralph Regula 40%
Bill Richardson 69%
Frank Duncan Riggs 35%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 84%
Charles Robb 78%
Timothy Roemer 42%
Charles Rose III 65%
Toby Roth 21%
William Roth, Jr. 44%
Marge Roukema 57%
Martin Olav Sabo 88%
Rick Santorum 0%
Paul Sarbanes 80%
Jim Saxton 41%
Joe Scarborough 33%
Daniel Schaefer 0%
Steven Schiff 59%
Patricia Schroeder 88%
Andrea Seastrand 0%
John Shadegg 10%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 45%
Christopher Shays 58%
E.G. Shuster 0%
Paul Simon 76%
Alan Simpson 58%
Norman Sisisky 55%
David Skaggs 79%
Joseph Skeen 33%
Ike Skelton 46%
Linda Smith 33%
Nick Smith 35%
Bob Smith 0%
Olympia Snowe 58%
Gerald B.H. Solomon 0%
Mark Souder 33%
Arlen Specter 59%
Floyd Spence 14%
John Spratt, Jr. 63%
Pete Stark 88%
Cliff Stearns 24%
Charles Stenholm 14%
Ted Stevens 42%
Louis Stokes 88%
Gerry Studds 88%
Bob Stump 010%
Bart Stupak 55%
James Talent 14%
John Tanner 52%
Randy Tate 0%
William Tauzin 0%
Charles Taylor 0%
Gene Taylor 24%
Frank Tejeda 41%
Craig Thomas 0%
William Thomas 53%
Fred Thompson 38%
Ray Thornton 70%
Karen Thurman 73%
Strom Thurmond 0%
Todd Tiahrt 14%
Peter Torkildsen 70%
Esteban Edward Torres 88%
Ed Towns 88%
James Traficant, Jr. 52%
Bruce Vento 79%
Harold Volkmer 44%
Barbara Vucanovich 21%
Robert Walker 0%
James Walsh 42%
Zach Wamp 10%
Michael Ward 80%
John Warner 0%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 14%
David Weldon 029%
W. Curtis Weldon 29%
Gerald Weller 24%
Paul Wellstone 80%
Rick White 53%
Pat Williams 88%
Charles Wilson 70%
Bob Wise, Jr. 72%
Lynn Woolsey 88%
Albert Wynn 78%
Sidney Yates 83%
Bill Zeliff 46%
Richard Zimmer 54%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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