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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: National Journal

1996 Liberal on Economic Policy Score

Issues:
State Office District Name Party Rating
Edmond Spencer Abraham 34%
Gary Ackerman 70%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 89%
Bill Archer 20%
Richard Armey 0%
John Ashcroft 11%
Henry Scott Baesler 60%
Richard Hugh Baker 29%
William Baker 0%
John Baldacci 79%
Cass Ballenger 0%
James Barcia 59%
Robert Barr, Jr. 27%
Bill Barrett 0%
Roscoe Bartlett 0%
Charlie Bass 0%
Herbert Bateman 37%
Anthony Beilenson 78%
Bob Bennett 17%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 65%
Douglas Bereuter 45%
Howard Berman 89%
Tom Bevill 59%
Brian Bilbray 47%
Michael Bilirakis 20%
Jeff Bingaman 89%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 0%
Peter Blute 51%
Sherwood Boehlert 56%
Kit Bond 42%
Henry Bonilla 30%
David Edward Bonior 85%
Sonny Bono 20%
Robert Borski, Jr. 89%
Rick Boucher 65%
Bill Bradley 90%
John Breaux 54%
Bill Brewster 54%
Glen Browder 59%
George Brown, Jr. 89%
Hank Brown 0%
Richard Bryan 61%
Ed Bryant 0%
John Bryant 74%
Dale Bumpers 88%
Jim Bunn 47%
Jim Bunning 0%
Conrad Burns 22%
Dan Burton 20%
Steve Buyer 30%
Robert Byrd 74%
Herbert Callahan 18%
Ben Campbell 46%
Thomas Campbell 39%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 42%
Mike Castle 50%
John Chafee 52%
Jim Chapman 61%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 0%
Jon Lynn Christensen 0%
Dick Chrysler 0%
William Clay, Sr. 89%
Eva Clayton 89%
Robert Clement 58%
William Clinger 34%
William Cohen 53%
Ronald Coleman 85%
Barbara-Rose Collins 94%
Cardiss Collins 94%
Michael Collins 0%
Larry Combest 0%
Gary Condit 52%
Kent Conrad 74%
Wes Cooley 0%
Jerry Costello 68%
Paul Coverdell 0%
Christopher Cox 0%
William Coyne 89%
Larry Craig 6%
Robert Cramer 52%
Philip Crane 0%
Frank Arnold Cremeans 34%
Barbara Cubin 0%
Randall Cunningham 0%
Alfonse D'Amato 44%
Patsy Ann Danner 61%
Thomas Daschle 70%
Thomas Davis III 48%
E. Kika de la Garza 62%
Thomas DeLay 0%
Ronald Dellums 89%
Peter Deutsch 64%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 55%
Jay Dickey 0%
Norm Dicks 75%
Julian Dixon 89%
Chris Dodd 89%
Robert Dole 04%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 38%
Calvin Dooley 60%
John Doolittle 0%
Byron Dorgan 61%
Robert Dornan 0%
David Dreier 0%
Jennifer Dunn 0%
Chet Edwards 62%
Vern Ehlers 45%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 20%
Bill Emerson 0%
Philip English 48%
John Ensign 33%
Lane Evans 85%
Terry Everett 0%
Thomas Ewing 0%
Jim Exon 55%
Harris Fawell 27%
Victor Fazio 67%
Cleo Fields 77%
Jack Fields, Jr. 0%
Floyd Flake 82%
Michael Patrick Flanagan 44%
Thomas Foglietta 89%
Mark Foley 039%
Michael Patrick Forbes 45%
Harold Ford, Sr. 76%
Wendell Ford 57%
Tillie Fowler 36%
Jon David Fox 51%
Barney Frank 89%
Gary Franks 0%
Robert Franks 49%
Dan Frisa 44%
William Frist 31%
Jonas Frost III 72%
David Funderburk 26%
Elizabeth Furse 62%
Elton Gallegly 0%
John Ganske 30%
Sam Gejdenson 79%
George Gekas 0%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 78%
Pete Geren 47%
Sam Gibbons 72%
Wayne Gilchrest 42%
Paul Gillmor 37%
Benjamin Gilman 55%
John Glenn 89%
Henry Gonzalez 76%
William Goodling 0%
Bart Gordon 55%
Slade Gorton 39%
Porter Goss 39%
Daniel Graham 57%
William Phillip Gramm 0%
Rodney Grams 18%
Enid Greene 0%
James Greenwood 42%
Judd Gregg 34%
Steven Gunderson 41%
Gilbert Gutknecht 0%
Tony Hall 64%
Lee Hamilton 57%
Melton Hancock 0%
James Hansen 0%
Jane Harman 58%
J. Dennis Hastert 0%
Mark Hatfield 47%
James Hayes 54%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 0%
Joel Hefley 20%
W.G. Hefner 61%
Fredrick Kenneth Fred' Heineman 26%
Jesse Helms 11%
Wally Herger, Jr. 0%
Van Hilleary 20%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 76%
Maurice Hinchey 85%
David Lee Hobson 33%
Pete Hoekstra 18%
Martin Hoke 36%
Thomas Holden 58%
Ernest Hollings 87%
Stephen Horn 48%
John Nathan Hostettler 33%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 52%
Duncan Hunter 20%
Kay Hutchison 11%
Henry Hyde 33%
Bob Inglis, Sr. 0%
Daniel Inouye 86%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 20%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 89%
Andrew Jacobs, Jr. 64%
William Jefferson 73%
James Merrill Jeffords 50%
Nancy Johnson 48%
Harry Johnston 82%
J. Bennett Johnston 65%
Paul Kanjorski 85%
Nancy Landon Kassebaum 39%
Sue Kelly 42%
Dirk Kempthorne 6%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 82%
Joseph Kennedy II 85%
Patrick Kennedy 85%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly 73%
Bob Kerrey 96%
Dale Kildee 79%
Jay Kim 0%
Gerald Kleczka 70%
Ronald Klink 89%
Scott Klug 51%
Joseph Knollenberg 30%
Herb Kohl 61%
James Kolbe 0%
Jon Kyl 14%
John LaFalce 85%
Ray LaHood 33%
Tom Lantos 85%
Stephen Largent 37%
Steve LaTourette 42%
Greg Laughlin 47%
Rick Lazio 44%
James Leach 52%
Jerry Lewis 39%
Ron Lewis 0%
Joe Lieberman 55%
Jim Lightfoot 36%
Blanche Lincoln 56%
William Lipinski 61%
Robert Livingston 44%
James Longley, Jr. 47%
Trent Lott, Sr. 0%
Dick Lugar 22%
William Luther 73%
Connie Mack 0%
Thomas Manton 78%
Don Manzullo 0%
Matthew Martinez 79%
Bill Martini 54%
Frank Mascara 65%
Robert Matsui 82%
Karen McCarthy 85%
Bill McCollum 27%
James McCrery III 32%
Joseph McDade 47%
Paul McHale 62%
John McHugh 52%
Scott McInnis 0%
David McIntosh 029%
Michael McNulty 72%
Martin Meehan 82%
Carrie Meek 79%
Jack Metcalf 39%
Jan Meyers 36%
Juanita Millender-McDonald 89%
Dan Miller 24%
David Minge 62%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 76%
John Moakley 89%
Susan Molinari 27%
Alan Mollohan 78%
G.V. Montgomery 41%
Carlos Moorhead 0%
Constance Morella 54%
Carol Moseley Braun 70%
Patrick Moynihan 82%
Frank Murkowski 18%
Jack Murtha 79%
John Myers 36%
Sue Myrick 0%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 37%
Mark Neumann 42%
Robert William Ney 39%
Don Nickles 0%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 0%
Sam Nunn 54%
James Nussle 0%
Jim Oberstar 89%
Dave Obey 82%
John Olver 85%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 67%
Bill Orton 59%
Major Owens 89%
Michael Oxley 24%
Ronald Packard 33%
Mike Parker 0%
William Paxon 0%
Donald Payne 82%
Lewis Payne, Jr. 55%
Claiborne Pell 65%
Pete Peterson 62%
Owen Pickett 58%
Richard Pombo 0%
Earl Pomeroy 70%
John Edward Porter 44%
Glenn Poshard 62%
Larry Pressler 36%
Deborah Pryce 37%
David Pryor 77%
James Quillen 36%
Jack Quinn 56%
George Radanovich 29%
James Ramstad 50%
Ralph Regula 50%
Bill Richardson 74%
Frank Duncan Riggs 33%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 85%
Charles Robb 61%
Timothy Roemer 58%
Charles Rose III 59%
Toby Roth 0%
William Roth, Jr. 40%
Marge Roukema 53%
Martin Olav Sabo 89%
Rick Santorum 44%
Paul Sarbanes 96%
Jim Saxton 37%
Joe Scarborough 36%
Daniel Schaefer 0%
Steven Schiff 50%
Patricia Schroeder 92%
Andrea Seastrand 0%
John Shadegg 0%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 30%
Christopher Shays 51%
E.G. Shuster 0%
Paul Simon 90%
Alan Simpson 42%
Norman Sisisky 55%
David Skaggs 89%
Joseph Skeen 37%
Ike Skelton 59%
Linda Smith 45%
Nick Smith 0%
Bob Smith 18%
Olympia Snowe 47%
Gerald B.H. Solomon 24%
Mark Souder 30%
Arlen Specter 50%
Floyd Spence 0%
John Spratt, Jr. 64%
Pete Stark 89%
Cliff Stearns 0%
Charles Stenholm 57%
Ted Stevens 32%
Louis Stokes 89%
Gerry Studds 84%
Bob Stump 0%
Bart Stupak 70%
James Talent 24%
John Tanner 57%
Randy Tate 34%
William Tauzin 33%
Charles Taylor 0%
Gene Taylor 54%
Frank Tejeda 64%
Craig Thomas 9%
William Thomas 37%
Fred Thompson 26%
Ray Thornton 71%
Karen Thurman 70%
Strom Thurmond 26%
Todd Tiahrt 0%
Peter Torkildsen 52%
Esteban Edward Torres 89%
Ed Towns 89%
James Traficant, Jr. 60%
Bruce Vento 89%
Harold Volkmer 65%
Barbara Vucanovich 0%
Robert Walker 0%
James Walsh 52%
Zach Wamp 39%
Michael Ward 74%
John Warner 42%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 0%
David Weldon 20%
W. Curtis Weldon 47%
Gerald Weller 33%
Paul Wellstone 89%
Rick White 18%
Pat Williams 85%
Charles Wilson 57%
Bob Wise, Jr. 82%
Lynn Woolsey 89%
Albert Wynn 67%
Sidney Yates 89%
Bill Zeliff 0%
Richard Zimmer 49%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 85%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 65%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 85%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 53%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 89%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 57%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 64%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 74%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 79%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 85%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 67%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 76%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 89%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 82%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 79%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 79%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 70%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 73%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 62%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 82%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 69%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 79%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 89%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 67%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 78%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 72%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 89%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 67%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 89%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 76%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 79%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 85%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 68%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 74%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 89%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 82%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 95%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 85%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 89%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 65%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 73%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 85%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 89%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 89%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 73%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 96%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 82%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 58%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 96%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 89%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 82%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 70%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 65%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 89%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 76%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 89%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 69%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 74%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 89%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 89%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 73%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 70%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 76%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 85%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 73%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 78%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 89%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 65%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 89%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 89%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 89%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 73%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 60%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 85%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 30%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 24%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 0%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 0%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 27%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 24%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 0%
IN U.S. Senate Sr Daniel Coats Republican 25%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 27%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 39%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 24%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 0%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 20%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 40%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 32%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 42%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 33%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 0%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 26%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 42%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 0%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 26%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 20%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 0%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 20%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 45%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 0%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 27%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 50%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 0%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 15%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 26%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 0%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 0%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 39%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 20%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 33%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 24%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 55%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 33%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 0%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 30%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 39%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 21%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 47%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 24%
TX U.S. House 36 Steve Stockman Republican 36%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 0%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 33%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 20%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 0%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 39%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 27%
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 33%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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