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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO)

1997 Positions

Issues: Labor Unions
State Office District Name Party Rating
Edmond Spencer Abraham 14%
Gary Ackerman 100%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 71%
Wayne Allard 0%
Thomas Allen 100%
Bill Archer 0%
Richard Armey 0%
John Ashcroft 0%
Richard Hugh Baker 0%
John Baldacci 100%
Cass Ballenger 0%
James Barcia 88%
Robert Barr, Jr. 0%
Bill Barrett 25%
Roscoe Bartlett 0%
Charlie Bass 0%
Herbert Bateman 25%
Bob Bennett 0%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 88%
Douglas Bereuter 29%
Howard Berman 100%
Marion Berry 100%
Brian Bilbray 13%
Michael Bilirakis 14%
Jeff Bingaman 57%
Rod Blagojevich 100%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 0%
Sherwood Boehlert 63%
Kit Bond 0%
Henry Bonilla 0%
David Edward Bonior 100%
Robert Borski, Jr. 100%
Leonard Boswell 75%
Rick Boucher 100%
Allen Boyd, Jr. 75%
John Breaux 14%
George Brown, Jr. 100%
Richard Bryan 29%
Ed Bryant 0%
Jim Bunning 0%
Conrad Burns 14%
Dan Burton 13%
Steve Buyer 0%
Robert Byrd 100%
Herbert Callahan 14%
Ben Campbell 29%
Thomas Campbell 38%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 13%
Chris Cannon 13%
Julia Carson 100%
Mike Castle 38%
John Chafee 14%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 0%
William Clay, Sr. 100%
Eva Clayton 100%
Joseph Maxwell Cleland 57%
Robert Clement 75%
Michael Collins 13%
Larry Combest 0%
Gary Condit 75%
Kent Conrad 57%
Merrill Cook 0%
John Cooksey 0%
Jerry Costello 100%
Paul Coverdell 29%
Christopher Cox 0%
William Coyne 100%
Larry Craig 0%
Robert Cramer 75%
Philip Crane 0%
Barbara Cubin 0%
Randall Cunningham 0%
Patsy Ann Danner 75%
Thomas Daschle 71%
James Davis 88%
Thomas Davis III 38%
Bill Delahunt 100%
Thomas DeLay 0%
Peter Deutsch 100%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 63%
Jay Dickey 0%
Norm Dicks 88%
Julian Dixon 100%
Chris Dodd 57%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 0%
Calvin Dooley 50%
John Doolittle 0%
Byron Dorgan 86%
David Dreier 0%
Jennifer Dunn 0%
Chet Edwards 88%
Vern Ehlers 13%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 0%
Jo Ann Emerson 0%
Philip English 75%
Bob Etheridge 88%
Lane Evans 100%
Terry Everett 14%
Thomas Ewing 25%
Russ Feingold 86%
Mark Foley 25%
Michael Patrick Forbes 50%
Harold Ford, Jr. 100%
Tillie Fowler 0%
Barney Frank 100%
Robert Franks 38%
William Frist 0%
Jonas Frost III 100%
Elton Gallegly 0%
John Ganske 13%
Sam Gejdenson 100%
George Gekas 25%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 100%
Jim Gibbons 0%
Wayne Gilchrest 0%
Paul Gillmor 13%
Benjamin Gilman 75%
Newt Gingrich 0%
Virgil Goode, Jr. 13%
William Goodling 13%
Bart Gordon 75%
Slade Gorton 0%
Porter Goss 0%
Daniel Graham 29%
William Phillip Gramm 14%
Rodney Grams 14%
James Greenwood 13%
Judd Gregg 0%
Gilbert Gutknecht 0%
Tony Hall 88%
James Hansen 0%
J. Dennis Hastert 0%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 0%
Joel Hefley 0%
Jesse Helms 14%
Wally Herger, Jr. 0%
Rick Hill 13%
Van Hilleary 0%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 100%
Maurice Hinchey 100%
David Lee Hobson 13%
Pete Hoekstra 0%
Thomas Holden 86%
Ernest Hollings 83%
Darlene Hooley 88%
Stephen Horn 50%
John Nathan Hostettler 0%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 50%
Kenny Hulshof 13%
Duncan Hunter 0%
Asa Hutchinson 25%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 0%
Kay Hutchison 0%
Henry Hyde 25%
Daniel Inouye 83%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 0%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 100%
William Jefferson 100%
James Merrill Jeffords 0%
William Lewis Jenkins 13%
Christopher John 38%
Nancy Johnson 50%
Paul Kanjorski 100%
Sue Kelly 38%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 100%
Patrick Kennedy 100%
Bob Kerrey 43%
Dale Kildee 100%
Carolyn Kilpatrick 100%
Gerald Kleczka 88%
Ronald Klink 100%
Joseph Knollenberg 13%
Herb Kohl 29%
James Kolbe 0%
Dennis Kucinich 100%
Jon Kyl 0%
John LaFalce 100%
Ray LaHood 38%
Nicholas Lampson 88%
Tom Lantos 100%
Stephen Largent 0%
Steve LaTourette 50%
Rick Lazio 50%
James Leach 50%
Jerry Lewis 38%
Ron Lewis 0%
Joe Lieberman 29%
John Linder 0%
William Lipinski 75%
Robert Livingston 25%
Trent Lott, Sr. 0%
Dick Lugar 0%
William Luther 88%
Connie Mack 0%
James Maloney 75%
Don Manzullo 0%
Matthew Martinez 88%
Frank Mascara 100%
Robert Matsui 100%
Karen McCarthy 88%
Bill McCollum 0%
James McCrery III 0%
John McHugh 50%
Scott McInnis 0%
David McIntosh 14%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 100%
Michael McNulty 100%
Martin Meehan 100%
Carrie Meek 100%
Jack Metcalf 63%
Juanita Millender-McDonald 100%
Dan Miller 25%
David Minge 75%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 100%
John Moakley 100%
Alan Mollohan 100%
Constance Morella 38%
Patrick Moynihan 29%
Frank Murkowski 0%
Jack Murtha 100%
Sue Myrick 0%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 13%
Robert William Ney 38%
Don Nickles 0%
Anne Northup 0%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 0%
James Nussle 0%
Jim Oberstar 100%
Dave Obey 100%
John Olver 100%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 100%
Major Owens 100%
Michael Oxley 13%
Ronald Packard 0%
Ron Paul 25%
Donald Payne 100%
Edward Pease 13%
John Peterson 0%
Charles Pickering, Jr. 0%
Owen Pickett 75%
Richard Pombo 0%
Earl Pomeroy 88%
John Edward Porter 29%
Deborah Pryce 0%
Jack Quinn 63%
George Radanovich 0%
James Ramstad 13%
Ralph Regula 38%
Silvestre Reyes 100%
Bob Riley 0%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 100%
Charles Robb 43%
Ciro Rodriguez 100%
Timothy Roemer 75%
James Rogan 0%
William Roth, Jr. 0%
Steve Rothman 100%
Marge Roukema 50%
Jim Ryun 0%
Martin Olav Sabo 100%
Max Sandlin, Jr. 88%
Rick Santorum 14%
Paul Sarbanes 100%
Jim Saxton 38%
Joe Scarborough 0%
John Shadegg 0%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 25%
Christopher Shays 38%
E.G. Shuster 13%
Norman Sisisky 75%
Joseph Skeen 13%
Ike Skelton 75%
Gordon Smith 0%
Nick Smith 0%
Bob Smith 14%
Olympia Snowe 43%
Vic Snyder 88%
Mark Souder 0%
Arlen Specter 57%
Floyd Spence 0%
John Spratt, Jr. 88%
Pete Stark 100%
Cliff Stearns 13%
Charles Stenholm 29%
Ted Stevens 14%
Ted Strickland 100%
Bob Stump 0%
Bart Stupak 100%
John Sununu 0%
James Talent 0%
John Tanner 63%
Ellen Tauscher 88%
William Tauzin 0%
Charles Taylor 0%
Gene Taylor 13%
Craig Thomas 0%
William Thomas 13%
Fred Thompson 0%
Karen Thurman 88%
Strom Thurmond 14%
Todd Tiahrt 13%
Robert Torricelli 86%
Ed Towns 100%
James Traficant, Jr. 75%
James Turner 75%
Bruce Vento 100%
James Walsh 38%
Zach Wamp 0%
John Warner 0%
Wesley Watkins 0%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 0%
David Weldon 0%
W. Curtis Weldon 50%
Gerald Weller 50%
Paul Wellstone 100%
Robert Wexler 100%
Bob Weygand 100%
Bob Wise, Jr. 100%
Lynn Woolsey 100%
Albert Wynn 100%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 100%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 100%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 29%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 100%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 57%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 88%
OR U.S. House 3 Earl Blumenauer Democratic 100%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 86%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 100%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 100%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 88%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 100%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 100%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 100%
IL U.S. House 7 Danny Davis Democratic 100%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 100%
CO U.S. House 1 Diana DeGette Democratic 100%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 100%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 100%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 88%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 100%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 100%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 57%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 100%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 100%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 71%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 15 Rubén Hinojosa, Sr. Democratic 100%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 100%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 71%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 100%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 71%
WI U.S. House 3 Ron Kind Democratic 100%
LA U.S. Senate Sr Mary Landrieu Democratic 29%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 71%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 67%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 86%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 100%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 4 Carolyn McCarthy Democratic 86%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 2 Jim McGovern Democratic 100%
NC U.S. House 7 Mike McIntyre Democratic 50%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 100%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 86%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 100%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 88%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 71%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 9 Bill Pascrell, Jr. Democratic 100%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 100%
NC U.S. House 4 David Price Democratic 100%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 100%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 100%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 86%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 71%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 100%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 46 Loretta Sanchez Democratic 75%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 100%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 100%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 30 Brad Sherman Democratic 88%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 100%
WA U.S. House 9 Adam Smith Democratic 88%
MI U.S. Senate Jr Debbie Stabenow Democratic 100%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 100%
MA U.S. House 6 John Tierney Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 100%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 88%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 100%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 100%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 71%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 88%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 100%
AL U.S. House 4 Robert Aderholt Republican 0%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 13%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 0%
MO U.S. Senate Jr Roy Blunt Republican 25%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 8 Kevin Brady Republican 0%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 0%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 13%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 0%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 13%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 0%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 0%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 0%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 0%
ME U.S. Senate Sr Susan Collins Republican 14%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 13%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 100%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 0%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 0%
WY U.S. Senate Sr Mike Enzi Republican 14%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 25%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 13%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 12 Kay Granger Republican 0%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 0%
NA U.S. Secretary of Defense Charles Hagel Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 25%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 0%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 0%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 14%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 0%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 0%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 75%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 0%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 0%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 63%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 0%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 14%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 0%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 0%
KS U.S. Senate Jr Jerry Moran Republican 25%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 38%
PA U.S. House 16 Joe Pitts Republican 0%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 0%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 0%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 0%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 38%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 0%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 13%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 0%
CO State Board of Education 4 Robert Schaffer Republican 0%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 13%
AL U.S. Senate Jr Jeff Sessions III Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 32 Pete Sessions Republican 0%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 14%
IL U.S. House 15 John Shimkus Republican 38%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 75%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 0%
SD U.S. Senate Jr John Thune Republican 13%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 13%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 13%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 0%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 25%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 38%
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 38%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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