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Special Interest Groups

Rating Group: NARAL Pro-Choice America

1996 Positions

Issues: Abortion
State Office District Name Party Rating
AK U.S. House At-Large Don Young Republican 0%
AL U.S. Senate Sr Richard Shelby Republican 0%
AL U.S. House 6 Spencer Bachus Republican 0%
AZ U.S. Senate Sr John McCain III Republican 0%
AZ U.S. House 5 Matthew Salmon Republican 0%
AZ U.S. House 7 Ed Pastor Democratic 100%
CA U.S. Senate Sr Dianne Feinstein Democratic 100%
CA U.S. Senate Jr Barbara Boxer Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 11 George Miller Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 12 Nancy Pelosi Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 18 Anna Eshoo Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 19 Zoe Lofgren Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 20 Sam Farr Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 25 Buck McKeon Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 33 Henry Waxman Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 34 Xavier Becerra Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 39 Ed Royce Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 40 Lucille Roybal-Allard Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 42 Ken Calvert Republican 0%
CA U.S. House 43 Maxine Waters Democratic 100%
CA U.S. House 48 Dana Rohrabacher Republican 0%
CA Mayor At-Large Bob Filner Democratic 100%
CT U.S. House 3 Rosa DeLauro Democratic 100%
FL U.S. House 5 Corrine Brown Democratic 100%
FL U.S. House 7 John Mica Republican 0%
FL U.S. House 13 Bill Young Republican 0%
FL U.S. House 20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. Democratic 100%
FL U.S. House 27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen Republican 0%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady 0%
GA U.S. Senate Sr Saxby Chambliss Republican 0%
GA U.S. House 1 Jack Kingston Republican 0%
GA U.S. House 2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. Democratic 90%
GA U.S. House 5 John Lewis Democratic 100%
GA Governor Nathan Deal Republican 0%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie Democratic 100%
IA U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Grassley Republican 0%
IA U.S. Senate Jr Tom Harkin Democratic 100%
IA U.S. House 3 Tom Latham Republican 0%
ID U.S. Senate Sr Mike Crapo Republican 0%
IL U.S. Senate Sr Dick Durbin Democratic 100%
IL U.S. House 1 Bobby Rush Democratic 100%
IL U.S. House 4 Luis Gutierrez Democratic 100%
IN U.S. Senate Sr Daniel Coats Republican 0%
IN U.S. House 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 72%
KS U.S. Senate Sr Pat Roberts Republican 0%
KS Governor Sam Brownback Republican 0%
KY U.S. Senate Sr Mitch McConnell Republican 0%
KY U.S. House 1 Ed Whitfield Republican 0%
KY U.S. House 5 Hal Rogers Republican 0%
MA U.S. House 1 Richard Neal Democratic 65%
MA U.S. House 5 Ed Markey Democratic 100%
MD U.S. Senate Sr Barbara Mikulski Democratic 100%
MD U.S. Senate Jr Ben Cardin Democratic 100%
MD U.S. House 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 100%
MD U.S. House 7 Elijah Cummings Democratic 100%
MI U.S. Senate Sr Carl Levin Democratic 100%
MI U.S. House 4 Dave Camp Republican 0%
MI U.S. House 6 Fred Upton Republican 25%
MI U.S. House 9 Sandy Levin Democratic 100%
MI U.S. House 12 John Dingell Democratic 55%
MI U.S. House 13 John Conyers, Jr. Democratic 100%
MN U.S. House 7 Collin Peterson Democratic/Farmer/Labor 0%
MS U.S. Senate Sr Thad Cochran Republican 0%
MS U.S. Senate Jr Roger Wicker Republican 0%
MS U.S. House 2 Bennie Thompson Democratic 100%
MT U.S. Senate Sr Max Baucus Democratic 100%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. Democratic 43%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry Democratic 100%
NC U.S. Senate Sr Richard Burr Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 3 Walter Jones, Jr. Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 6 Howard Coble Republican 0%
NC U.S. House 12 Mel Watt Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. Senate Sr Frank Lautenberg Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. Senate Jr Bob Menendez Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 1 Rob Andrews Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 2 Frank LoBiondo Republican 12%
NJ U.S. House 4 Chris Smith Republican 0%
NJ U.S. House 6 Frank Pallone, Jr. Democratic 100%
NJ U.S. House 11 Rodney Frelinghuysen Republican 100%
NV U.S. Senate Sr Harry Reid Democratic 33%
NY U.S. Senate Sr Chuck Schumer Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 2 Pete King Republican 0%
NY U.S. House 7 Nydia Velázquez Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 10 Jerry Nadler Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 12 Carolyn Maloney Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 13 Charlie Rangel Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 15 José Serrano Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 16 Eliot Engel Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 17 Nita Lowey Democratic 100%
NY U.S. House 25 Louise Slaughter Democratic 100%
OH U.S. Senate Sr Sherrod Brown Democratic 100%
OH U.S. Senate Jr Rob Portman Republican 0%
OH U.S. House 1 Steve Chabot Republican 0%
OH U.S. House 8 John Boehner Republican 0%
OH U.S. House 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 45%
OH Governor John Kasich Republican 0%
OH State Senate 28 Thomas Sawyer Democratic 100%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine Republican 0%
OK U.S. Senate Sr Jim Inhofe Republican 0%
OK U.S. Senate Jr Thomas Coburn Republican 0%
OK U.S. House 3 Frank Lucas Republican 0%
OR U.S. Senate Sr Ron Wyden Democratic 100%
OR U.S. House 3 Earl Blumenauer Democratic 100%
OR U.S. House 4 Peter DeFazio Democratic 100%
PA U.S. House 2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. Democratic 100%
PA U.S. House 14 Mike Doyle, Jr. Democratic 13%
RI U.S. Senate Sr Jack Reed Democratic 100%
SC U.S. Senate Sr Lindsey Graham Republican 0%
SC U.S. House 1 Mark Sanford, Jr. Republican 0%
SC U.S. House 6 Jim Clyburn Democratic 100%
SD U.S. Senate Sr Timothy Johnson Democratic 65%
TN U.S. House 2 John Duncan, Jr. Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 3 Sam Johnson Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 4 Ralph Hall Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 6 Joe Barton Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 13 Mac Thornberry Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 18 Sheila Jackson Lee Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 21 Lamar Smith Republican 0%
TX U.S. House 29 Gene Green Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 30 Eddie Johnson Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 35 Lloyd Doggett Democratic 100%
TX U.S. House 36 Steve Stockman Republican 0%
UT U.S. Senate Sr Orrin Hatch Republican 0%
VA U.S. House 3 Bobby Scott Democratic 100%
VA U.S. House 6 Bob Goodlatte Republican 0%
VA U.S. House 8 Jim Moran, Jr. Democratic 65%
VA U.S. House 10 Frank Wolf Republican 0%
VT U.S. Senate Sr Patrick Leahy Democratic 66%
VT U.S. Senate Jr Bernie Sanders Independent 100%
WA U.S. Senate Sr Patty Murray Democratic 100%
WA U.S. House 4 Doc Hastings Republican 0%
WA U.S. House 7 Jim McDermott Democratic 100%
WI U.S. House 5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. Republican 0%
WI U.S. House 6 Tom Petri Republican 0%
WI Mayor At-Large Tom Barrett Democratic 75%
WV U.S. Senate Sr Jay Rockefeller IV Democratic 100%
WV U.S. House 3 Nick Rahall II Democratic 0%
Edmond Spencer Abraham 0%
Gary Ackerman 100%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. 100%
Wayne Allard 0%
Bill Archer 0%
Richard Armey 0%
John Ashcroft 0%
Henry Scott Baesler 55%
Richard Hugh Baker 0%
William Baker 0%
John Baldacci 100%
Cass Ballenger 10%
James Barcia 0%
Robert Barr, Jr. 0%
Bill Barrett 0%
Roscoe Bartlett 0%
Charlie Bass 55%
Herbert Bateman 10%
Anthony Beilenson 100%
Bob Bennett 0%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. 100%
Douglas Bereuter 13%
Howard Berman 100%
Tom Bevill 3%
Brian Bilbray 45%
Michael Bilirakis 0%
Jeff Bingaman 100%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. 0%
Peter Blute 32%
Sherwood Boehlert 100%
Kit Bond 0%
Henry Bonilla 30%
David Edward Bonior 23%
Sonny Bono 35%
Robert Borski, Jr. 13%
Rick Boucher 100%
Bill Bradley 100%
John Breaux 9%
George Brown, Jr. 100%
Hank Brown 35%
Richard Bryan 91%
Ed Bryant 0%
John Bryant 100%
Dale Bumpers 100%
Jim Bunn 0%
Jim Bunning 0%
Conrad Burns 0%
Dan Burton 0%
Steve Buyer 0%
Robert Byrd 100%
Herbert Callahan 0%
Ben Campbell 57%
Thomas Campbell 90%
Mike Castle 45%
John Chafee 100%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage 0%
Jon Lynn Christensen 0%
Dick Chrysler 0%
William Clay, Sr. 100%
Eva Clayton 100%
Robert Clement 55%
William Cohen 100%
Ronald Coleman 100%
Barbara-Rose Collins 100%
Cardiss Collins 100%
Michael Collins 0%
Larry Combest 0%
Gary Condit 65%
Kent Conrad 38%
Wes Cooley 0%
Jerry Costello 0%
Paul Coverdell 0%
Christopher Cox 0%
William Coyne 100%
Larry Craig 0%
Robert Cramer 65%
Philip Crane 0%
Frank Arnold Cremeans 0%
Barbara Cubin 13%
Randall Cunningham 0%
Alfonse D'Amato 0%
Patsy Ann Danner 0%
Thomas Daschle 100%
Thomas Davis III 33%
E. Kika de la Garza 15%
Thomas DeLay 0%
Ronald Dellums 100%
Peter Deutsch 100%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart 0%
Jay Dickey 0%
Norm Dicks 100%
Julian Dixon 100%
Chris Dodd 100%
Robert Dole 0%
Pete Domenici, Jr. 15%
Calvin Dooley 100%
John Doolittle 0%
Byron Dorgan 38%
Robert Dornan 0%
David Dreier 0%
Jennifer Dunn 32%
Chet Edwards 90%
Vern Ehlers 13%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. 45%
Bill Emerson 0%
Philip English 0%
John Ensign 0%
Lane Evans 100%
Terry Everett 0%
Thomas Ewing 0%
Jim Exon 23%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth 0%
Harris Fawell 55%
Victor Fazio 100%
Russ Feingold 100%
Cleo Fields 100%
Jack Fields, Jr. 0%
Floyd Flake 75%
Michael Patrick Flanagan 2%
Thomas Foglietta 75%
Mark Foley 45%
Michael Patrick Forbes 0%
Wendell Ford 9%
Tillie Fowler 35%
Jon David Fox 12%
Barney Frank 100%
Gary Franks 93%
Robert Franks 65%
Dan Frisa 0%
William Frist 0%
Jonas Frost III 80%
David Funderburk 0%
Elizabeth Furse 100%
Elton Gallegly 0%
John Ganske 25%
Sam Gejdenson 100%
George Gekas 13%
Richard Andrew Gephardt 75%
Pete Geren 34%
Sam Gibbons 95%
Wayne Gilchrest 55%
Paul Gillmor 0%
Benjamin Gilman 100%
John Glenn 100%
Henry Gonzalez 90%
William Goodling 0%
Bart Gordon 65%
Slade Gorton 14%
Porter Goss 13%
Daniel Graham 91%
William Phillip Gramm 0%
Rodney Grams 0%
Enid Greene 0%
James Greenwood 100%
Judd Gregg 0%
Steven Gunderson 68%
Gilbert Gutknecht 0%
Tony Hall 0%
Lee Hamilton 0%
Melton Hancock 1%
James Hansen 0%
Jane Harman 100%
J. Dennis Hastert 0%
Mark Hatfield 9%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. 0%
Joel Hefley 0%
W.G. Hefner 65%
Fredrick Kenneth Fred' Heineman 2%
Jesse Helms 0%
Wally Herger, Jr. 0%
Van Hilleary 0%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. 100%
Maurice Hinchey 100%
David Lee Hobson 23%
Pete Hoekstra 0%
Thomas Holden 13%
Ernest Hollings 100%
Stephen Horn 100%
John Nathan Hostettler 0%
Amory Houghton, Jr. 65%
Duncan Hunter 0%
Y. Tim Hutchinson 0%
Kay Hutchison 0%
Henry Hyde 0%
Bob Inglis, Sr. 0%
Daniel Inouye 100%
Ernest Istook, Jr. 0%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. 100%
Andrew Jacobs, Jr. 62%
William Jefferson 75%
James Merrill Jeffords 77%
Nancy Johnson 100%
Harry Johnston 100%
J. Bennett Johnston 18%
Paul Kanjorski 13%
Nancy Landon Kassebaum 79%
Sue Kelly 90%
Dirk Kempthorne 0%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. 100%
Joseph Kennedy II 100%
Patrick Kennedy 75%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly 100%
Bob Kerrey 100%
Dale Kildee 0%
Jay Kim 0%
Gerald Kleczka 45%
Ronald Klink 13%
Scott Klug 55%
Joseph Knollenberg 0%
Herb Kohl 100%
James Kolbe 80%
Jon Kyl 0%
John LaFalce 0%
Ray LaHood 0%
Tom Lantos 100%
Stephen Largent 0%
Steve LaTourette 0%
Greg Laughlin 0%
Rick Lazio 45%
James Leach 45%
Jerry Lewis 13%
Ron Lewis 0%
Joe Lieberman 100%
Jim Lightfoot 0%
Blanche Lincoln 80%
John Linder 0%
William Lipinski 0%
Robert Livingston 0%
James Longley, Jr. 48%
Trent Lott, Sr. 0%
Dick Lugar 0%
William Luther 100%
Connie Mack 0%
Thomas Manton 13%
Don Manzullo 0%
Matthew Martinez 65%
Bill Martini 73%
Frank Mascara 13%
Robert Matsui 100%
Karen McCarthy 100%
Bill McCollum 0%
James McCrery III 0%
Joseph McDade 0%
Paul McHale 55%
John McHugh 0%
Scott McInnis 33%
David McIntosh 0%
Cynthia Ann McKinney 100%
Michael McNulty 25%
Martin Meehan 100%
Carrie Meek 100%
Jack Metcalf 12%
Jan Meyers 91%
Juanita Millender-McDonald 100%
Dan Miller 43%
David Minge 65%
Patsy Takemoto Mink 100%
John Moakley 55%
Susan Molinari 65%
Alan Mollohan 0%
G.V. Montgomery 1%
Carlos Moorhead 0%
Constance Morella 100%
Carol Moseley Braun 100%
Patrick Moynihan 66%
Frank Murkowski 0%
Jack Murtha 13%
John Myers 1%
Sue Myrick 0%
George Nethercutt, Jr. 13%
Mark Neumann 0%
Robert William Ney 13%
Don Nickles 0%
Charles Norwood, Jr. 0%
Sam Nunn 74%
James Nussle 0%
Jim Oberstar 13%
Dave Obey 75%
John Olver 100%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. 0%
Bill Orton 3%
Major Owens 100%
Michael Oxley 13%
Ronald Packard 0%
Mike Parker 0%
William Paxon 0%
Donald Payne 100%
Lewis Payne, Jr. 80%
Claiborne Pell 100%
Pete Peterson 100%
Owen Pickett 100%
Richard Pombo 0%
Earl Pomeroy 65%
John Edward Porter 55%
Glenn Poshard 0%
Larry Pressler 0%
Deborah Pryce 45%
David Pryor 80%
Jack Quinn 0%
George Radanovich 0%
James Ramstad 45%
Ralph Regula 23%
Bill Richardson 90%
Frank Duncan Riggs 23%
Lynn Nancy Rivers 100%
Charles Robb 100%
Timothy Roemer 0%
Charles Rose III 75%
Toby Roth 0%
William Roth, Jr. 29%
Marge Roukema 65%
Martin Olav Sabo 100%
Rick Santorum 0%
Paul Sarbanes 100%
Jim Saxton 12%
Joe Scarborough 0%
Daniel Schaefer 0%
Steven Schiff 33%
Patricia Schroeder 100%
Andrea Seastrand 0%
John Shadegg 0%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. 45%
Christopher Shays 100%
E.G. Shuster 0%
Paul Simon 100%
Alan Simpson 79%
Norman Sisisky 65%
David Skaggs 100%
Joseph Skeen 0%
Ike Skelton 0%
Linda Smith 0%
Nick Smith 0%
Bob Smith 0%
Olympia Snowe 91%
Gerald B.H. Solomon 0%
Mark Souder 0%
Arlen Specter 66%
Floyd Spence 0%
John Spratt, Jr. 75%
Pete Stark 100%
Cliff Stearns 0%
Charles Stenholm 0%
Ted Stevens 43%
Louis Stokes 100%
Gerry Studds 100%
Bob Stump 0%
Bart Stupak 0%
James Talent 0%
John Tanner 65%
Randy Tate 0%
William Tauzin 0%
Charles Taylor 0%
Gene Taylor 0%
Frank Tejeda 0%
Craig Thomas 0%
William Thomas 45%
Fred Thompson 0%
Ray Thornton 47%
Karen Thurman 100%
Strom Thurmond 0%
Todd Tiahrt 0%
Peter Torkildsen 94%
Esteban Edward Torres 100%
Robert Torricelli 100%
Ed Towns 100%
James Traficant, Jr. 65%
Bruce Vento 100%
Harold Volkmer 3%
Barbara Vucanovich 0%
James Walsh 0%
Zach Wamp 0%
Michael Ward 100%
John Warner 0%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. 0%
David Weldon 0%
W. Curtis Weldon 0%
Gerald Weller 0%
Paul Wellstone 100%
Rick White 42%
Pat Williams 100%
Charles Wilson 100%
Bob Wise, Jr. 100%
Lynn Woolsey 100%
Albert Wynn 90%
Sidney Yates 100%
Bill Zeliff 62%
Richard Zimmer 99%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.

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