Rating Group: National Education Association

1996 Positions

Issues: Education
State Office Name Party Rating
AK U.S. House-At-Large Don Young R 0%
AL U.S. Senate-Sr Richard Shelby R 19%
AL U.S. House-6 Spencer Bachus R 0%
AZ U.S. Senate-Sr John McCain III R 0%
AZ U.S. House-5 Matthew Salmon R 0%
AZ U.S. House-7 Ed Pastor D 95%
CA U.S. Senate-Sr Dianne Feinstein D 94%
CA U.S. Senate-Jr Barbara Boxer D 94%
CA U.S. House-11 George Miller D 95%
CA U.S. House-12 Nancy Pelosi D 95%
CA U.S. House-18 Anna Eshoo D 95%
CA U.S. House-19 Zoe Lofgren D 100%
CA U.S. House-20 Sam Farr D 100%
CA U.S. House-25 Buck McKeon R 0%
CA U.S. House-33 Henry Waxman D 100%
CA U.S. House-34 Xavier Becerra D 100%
CA U.S. House-39 Ed Royce R 0%
CA U.S. House-40 Lucille Roybal-Allard D 100%
CA U.S. House-42 Ken Calvert R 0%
CA U.S. House-43 Maxine Waters D 94%
CA U.S. House-48 Dana Rohrabacher R 0%
CA Mayor-At-Large Bob Filner D 100%
CT U.S. House-3 Rosa DeLauro D 95%
FL U.S. House-5 Corrine Brown D 100%
FL U.S. House-7 John Mica R 0%
FL U.S. House-13 Bill Young R 5%
FL U.S. House-20 Alcee Hastings, Sr. D 100%
FL U.S. House-27 Ileana Ros-Lehtinen R 19%
FL Justice of the Supreme Court Charles Canady Other 0%
GA U.S. Senate-Sr Saxby Chambliss R 0%
GA U.S. House-1 Jack Kingston R 0%
GA U.S. House-2 Sanford Bishop, Jr. D 95%
GA U.S. House-5 John Lewis D 100%
GA Governor Nathan Deal R 5%
HI Governor Neil Abercrombie D 100%
IA U.S. Senate-Sr Chuck Grassley R 11%
IA U.S. Senate-Jr Tom Harkin D 100%
IA U.S. House-3 Tom Latham R 0%
ID U.S. Senate-Sr Mike Crapo R 0%
IL U.S. Senate-Sr Dick Durbin D 100%
IL U.S. House-1 Bobby Rush D 100%
IL U.S. House-4 Luis Gutierrez D 95%
IN U.S. Senate-Sr Daniel Coats R 6%
IN U.S. House-1 Pete Visclosky D 77%
KS U.S. Senate-Sr Pat Roberts R 0%
KS Governor Sam Brownback R 0%
KY U.S. Senate-Sr Mitch McConnell R 11%
KY U.S. House-1 Ed Whitfield R 0%
KY U.S. House-5 Hal Rogers R 0%
MA U.S. House-1 Richard Neal D 100%
MA U.S. House-5 Ed Markey D 100%
MD U.S. Senate-Sr Barbara Mikulski D 94%
MD U.S. Senate-Jr Ben Cardin D 86%
MD U.S. House-5 Steny Hoyer D 100%
MD U.S. House-7 Elijah Cummings D 100%
MI U.S. Senate-Sr Carl Levin D 100%
MI U.S. House-4 Dave Camp R 0%
MI U.S. House-6 Fred Upton R 0%
MI U.S. House-9 Sandy Levin D 95%
MI U.S. House-12 John Dingell D 100%
MI U.S. House-13 John Conyers, Jr. D 100%
MN U.S. House-7 Collin Peterson DFL 71%
MS U.S. Senate-Sr Thad Cochran R 17%
MS U.S. Senate-Jr Roger Wicker R 0%
MS U.S. House-2 Bennie Thompson D 100%
MT U.S. Senate-Sr Max Baucus D 83%
NA Vice President Joe Biden, Jr. D 94%
NA U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry D 100%
NC U.S. Senate-Sr Richard Burr R 0%
NC U.S. House-3 Walter Jones, Jr. R 0%
NC U.S. House-6 Howard Coble R 0%
NC U.S. House-12 Mel Watt D 100%
NJ U.S. Senate-Sr Frank Lautenberg D 100%
NJ U.S. Senate-Jr Bob Menendez D 100%
NJ U.S. House-1 Rob Andrews D 90%
NJ U.S. House-2 Frank LoBiondo R 32%
NJ U.S. House-4 Chris Smith R 14%
NJ U.S. House-6 Frank Pallone, Jr. D 100%
NJ U.S. House-11 Rodney Frelinghuysen R 5%
NV U.S. Senate-Sr Harry Reid D 89%
NY U.S. Senate-Sr Chuck Schumer D 95%
NY U.S. House-2 Pete King R 0%
NY U.S. House-7 Nydia Velázquez D 100%
NY U.S. House-10 Jerry Nadler D 100%
NY U.S. House-12 Carolyn Maloney D 95%
NY U.S. House-13 Charlie Rangel D 95%
NY U.S. House-15 José Serrano D 100%
NY U.S. House-16 Eliot Engel D 100%
NY U.S. House-17 Nita Lowey D 95%
NY U.S. House-25 Louise Slaughter D 100%
OH U.S. Senate-Sr Sherrod Brown D 91%
OH U.S. Senate-Jr Rob Portman R 0%
OH U.S. House-1 Steve Chabot R 0%
OH U.S. House-8 John Boehner R 0%
OH U.S. House-9 Marcy Kaptur D 82%
OH Governor John Kasich R 0%
OH State Senate-28 Thomas Sawyer D 95%
OH Attorney General Michael DeWine R 22%
OK U.S. Senate-Sr Jim Inhofe R 0%
OK U.S. Senate-Jr Thomas Coburn R 14%
OK U.S. House-3 Frank Lucas R 0%
OR U.S. Senate-Sr Ron Wyden D 100%
OR U.S. House-3 Earl Blumenauer D 100%
OR U.S. House-4 Peter DeFazio D 95%
PA U.S. House-2 Chaka Fattah, Sr. D 100%
PA U.S. House-14 Mike Doyle, Jr. D 86%
RI U.S. Senate-Sr Jack Reed D 91%
SC U.S. Senate-Sr Lindsey Graham R 0%
SC U.S. House-1 Mark Sanford, Jr. R 9%
SC U.S. House-6 Jim Clyburn D 100%
SD U.S. Senate-Sr Timothy Johnson D 76%
TN U.S. House-2 John Duncan, Jr. R 0%
TX U.S. House-3 Sam Johnson R 0%
TX U.S. House-4 Ralph Hall R 27%
TX U.S. House-6 Joe Barton R 11%
TX U.S. House-13 Mac Thornberry R 0%
TX U.S. House-18 Sheila Jackson Lee D 95%
TX U.S. House-21 Lamar Smith R 0%
TX U.S. House-29 Gene Green D 95%
TX U.S. House-30 Eddie Johnson D 100%
TX U.S. House-35 Lloyd Doggett D 95%
TX U.S. House-36 Steve Stockman R 0%
UT U.S. Senate-Sr Orrin Hatch R 11%
VA U.S. House-3 Bobby Scott D 100%
VA U.S. House-6 Bob Goodlatte R 0%
VA U.S. House-8 Jim Moran, Jr. D 77%
VA U.S. House-10 Frank Wolf R 5%
VT U.S. Senate-Sr Patrick Leahy D 94%
VT U.S. Senate-Jr Bernie Sanders I 100%
WA U.S. Senate-Sr Patty Murray D 100%
WA U.S. House-4 Doc Hastings R 0%
WA U.S. House-7 Jim McDermott D 100%
WI U.S. House-5 Jim Sensenbrenner, Jr. R 0%
WI U.S. House-6 Tom Petri R 5%
WI Mayor-At-Large Tom Barrett D 91%
WV U.S. Senate-Sr Jay Rockefeller IV D 100%
WV U.S. House-3 Nick Rahall II D 91%
Edmond Spencer Abraham Other 11%
Gary Ackerman Other 95%
Daniel Akaka, Sr. Other 100%
Wayne Allard Other 0%
Bill Archer Other 0%
Richard Armey Other 0%
John Ashcroft Other 6%
Henry Scott Baesler Other 86%
Richard Hugh Baker Other 0%
William Baker Other 0%
John Baldacci Other 91%
Cass Ballenger Other 0%
James Barcia Other 90%
Robert Barr, Jr. Other 0%
Bill Barrett Other 0%
Roscoe Bartlett Other 0%
Charlie Bass Other 0%
Herbert Bateman Other 5%
Anthony Beilenson Other 91%
Bob Bennett Other 12%
Kenneth Bentsen, Jr. Other 95%
Douglas Bereuter Other 5%
Howard Berman Other 95%
Tom Bevill Other 73%
Brian Bilbray Other 9%
Michael Bilirakis Other 0%
Jeff Bingaman Other 94%
Thomas Bliley, Jr. Other 0%
Peter Blute Other 9%
Sherwood Boehlert Other 32%
Kit Bond Other 17%
Henry Bonilla Other 5%
David Edward Bonior Other 100%
Sonny Bono Other 0%
Robert Borski, Jr. Other 95%
Rick Boucher Other 90%
Bill Bradley Other 100%
John Breaux Other 83%
George Brown, Jr. Other 95%
Hank Brown Other 0%
Richard Bryan Other 94%
Ed Bryant Other 0%
John Bryant Other 90%
Dale Bumpers Other 100%
Jim Bunn Other 18%
Jim Bunning Other 0%
Conrad Burns Other 17%
Dan Burton Other 0%
Steve Buyer Other 0%
Robert Byrd Other 83%
Herbert Callahan Other 0%
Ben Campbell Other 47%
Thomas Campbell Other 33%
Mike Castle Other 14%
John Chafee Other 44%
Helen Chenoweth-Hage Other 0%
Jon Lynn Christensen Other 0%
Dick Chrysler Other 0%
William Clay, Sr. Other 95%
Eva Clayton Other 100%
Robert Clement Other 82%
William Cohen Other 42%
Ronald Coleman Other 91%
Barbara-Rose Collins Other 100%
Cardiss Collins Other 100%
Michael Collins Other 0%
Larry Combest Other 0%
Gary Condit Other 59%
Kent Conrad Other 100%
Wes Cooley Other 0%
Jerry Costello Other 90%
Paul Coverdell Other 11%
Christopher Cox Other 0%
William Coyne Other 100%
Larry Craig Other 6%
Robert Cramer Other 59%
Philip Crane Other 0%
Frank Arnold Cremeans Other 0%
Randall Cunningham Other 0%
Alfonse D'Amato Other 18%
Patsy Ann Danner Other 77%
Thomas Daschle Other 94%
Thomas Davis III Other 5%
E. Kika de la Garza Other 90%
Thomas DeLay Other 0%
Ronald Dellums Other 100%
Peter Deutsch Other 86%
Lincoln Diaz-Balart Other 18%
Jay Dickey Other 0%
Norm Dicks Other 95%
Julian Dixon Other 100%
Chris Dodd Other 100%
Robert Dole Other 0%
Pete Domenici, Jr. Other 22%
Calvin Dooley Other 86%
John Doolittle Other 0%
Byron Dorgan Other 94%
Robert Dornan Other 0%
David Dreier Other 0%
Jennifer Dunn Other 0%
Chet Edwards Other 95%
Vern Ehlers Other 5%
Bob Ehrlich, Jr. Other 0%
Bill Emerson Other 0%
Philip English Other 24%
John Ensign Other 9%
Lane Evans Other 100%
Terry Everett Other 0%
Thomas Ewing Other 0%
Jim Exon Other 83%
Duncan McLauchlin Faircloth Other 0%
Harris Fawell Other 5%
Victor Fazio Other 95%
Russ Feingold Other 89%
Cleo Fields Other 100%
Jack Fields, Jr. Other 0%
Floyd Flake Other 95%
Michael Patrick Flanagan Other 18%
Thomas Foglietta Other 95%
Mark Foley Other 0%
Michael Patrick Forbes Other 5%
Wendell Ford Other 94%
Tillie Fowler Other 0%
Jon David Fox Other 18%
Barney Frank Other 95%
Gary Franks Other 18%
Robert Franks Other 5%
Dan Frisa Other 0%
William Frist Other 17%
Jonas Frost III Other 95%
David Funderburk Other 0%
Elizabeth Furse Other 91%
Elton Gallegly Other 0%
John Ganske Other 0%
Sam Gejdenson Other 100%
George Gekas Other 0%
Richard Andrew Gephardt Other 95%
Pete Geren Other 27%
Sam Gibbons Other 90%
Wayne Gilchrest Other 0%
Paul Gillmor Other 5%
Benjamin Gilman Other 18%
Newt Gingrich Other 0%
John Glenn Other 100%
Henry Gonzalez Other 95%
William Goodling Other 0%
Bart Gordon Other 77%
Slade Gorton Other 22%
Porter Goss Other 0%
Daniel Graham Other 94%
William Phillip Gramm Other 6%
Rodney Grams Other 0%
Enid Greene Other 0%
James Greenwood Other 0%
Judd Gregg Other 6%
Steven Gunderson Other 10%
Gilbert Gutknecht Other 0%
Tony Hall Other 86%
Lee Hamilton Other 73%
Melton Hancock Other 0%
James Hansen Other 0%
Jane Harman Other 85%
J. Dennis Hastert Other 0%
Mark Hatfield Other 18%
J.D. Hayworth, Jr. Other 0%
Joel Hefley Other 0%
W.G. Hefner Other 86%
Fredrick Kenneth Fred' Heineman Other 9%
Jesse Helms Other 6%
Wally Herger, Jr. Other 0%
Van Hilleary Other 0%
Earl Hilliard, Jr. Other 100%
Maurice Hinchey Other 100%
David Lee Hobson Other 5%
Pete Hoekstra Other 0%
Thomas Holden Other 73%
Ernest Hollings Other 94%
Stephen Horn Other 23%
John Nathan Hostettler Other 5%
Amory Houghton, Jr. Other 19%
Duncan Hunter Other 0%
Y. Tim Hutchinson Other 0%
Kay Hutchison Other 11%
Henry Hyde Other 5%
Bob Inglis, Sr. Other 0%
Daniel Inouye Other 94%
Ernest Istook, Jr. Other 0%
Jesse Jackson, Jr. Other 100%
Andrew Jacobs, Jr. Other 73%
William Jefferson Other 100%
James Merrill Jeffords Other 39%
Nancy Johnson Other 14%
Harry Johnston Other 91%
J. Bennett Johnston Other 73%
Paul Kanjorski Other 82%
Nancy Landon Kassebaum Other 8%
Sue Kelly Other 9%
Dirk Kempthorne Other 6%
Edward Kennedy, Sr. Other 100%
Joseph Kennedy II Other 100%
Patrick Kennedy Other 95%
Barbara Bailey Kennelly Other 95%
Bob Kerrey Other 83%
Dale Kildee Other 95%
Jay Kim Other 0%
Gerald Kleczka Other 86%
Ronald Klink Other 86%
Scott Klug Other 14%
Joseph Knollenberg Other 0%
Herb Kohl Other 94%
James Kolbe Other 5%
Jon Kyl Other 0%
John LaFalce Other 95%
Ray LaHood Other 9%
Tom Lantos Other 95%
Stephen Largent Other 5%
Steve LaTourette Other 5%
Greg Laughlin Other 9%
Rick Lazio Other 0%
James Leach Other 24%
Jerry Lewis Other 0%
Ron Lewis Other 0%
Joe Lieberman Other 89%
Jim Lightfoot Other 9%
Blanche Lincoln Other 80%
John Linder Other 0%
William Lipinski Other 64%
Robert Livingston Other 0%
James Longley, Jr. Other 0%
Trent Lott, Sr. Other 11%
Dick Lugar Other 17%
William Luther Other 95%
Connie Mack Other 11%
Thomas Manton Other 90%
Don Manzullo Other 0%
Matthew Martinez Other 100%
Bill Martini Other 18%
Frank Mascara Other 82%
Robert Matsui Other 95%
Karen McCarthy Other 95%
Bill McCollum Other 0%
James McCrery III Other 0%
Joseph McDade Other 0%
Paul McHale Other 82%
John McHugh Other 23%
Scott McInnis Other 0%
David McIntosh Other 5%
Cynthia Ann McKinney Other 100%
Michael McNulty Other 86%
Martin Meehan Other 90%
Carrie Meek Other 100%
Jack Metcalf Other 0%
Jan Meyers Other 9%
Juanita Millender-McDonald Other 100%
Dan Miller Other 0%
David Minge Other 82%
Patsy Takemoto Mink Other 100%
John Moakley Other 100%
Susan Molinari Other 10%
Alan Mollohan Other 90%
G.V. Montgomery Other 0%
Carlos Moorhead Other 0%
Constance Morella Other 45%
Carol Moseley Braun Other 100%
Patrick Moynihan Other 100%
Frank Murkowski Other 6%
Jack Murtha Other 86%
John Myers Other 0%
Sue Myrick Other 0%
George Nethercutt, Jr. Other 0%
Mark Neumann Other 0%
Robert William Ney Other 14%
Don Nickles Other 6%
Charles Norwood, Jr. Other 0%
Sam Nunn Other 58%
James Nussle Other 0%
Jim Oberstar Other 100%
Dave Obey Other 90%
John Olver Other 95%
Solomon Ortiz, Sr. Other 90%
Bill Orton Other 73%
Major Owens Other 100%
Michael Oxley Other 0%
Ronald Packard Other 0%
Mike Parker Other 0%
William Paxon Other 0%
Donald Payne Other 100%
Lewis Payne, Jr. Other 73%
Claiborne Pell Other 92%
Pete Peterson Other 82%
Owen Pickett Other 68%
Richard Pombo Other 0%
Earl Pomeroy Other 91%
John Edward Porter Other 0%
Glenn Poshard Other 82%
Larry Pressler Other 0%
Deborah Pryce Other 5%
David Pryor Other 92%
Jack Quinn Other 35%
George Radanovich Other 0%
James Ramstad Other 14%
Ralph Regula Other 5%
Bill Richardson Other 91%
Frank Duncan Riggs Other 5%
Lynn Nancy Rivers Other 100%
Charles Robb Other 94%
Timothy Roemer Other 82%
Charles Rose III Other 82%
Toby Roth Other 0%
William Roth, Jr. Other 11%
Marge Roukema Other 15%
Martin Olav Sabo Other 100%
Rick Santorum Other 6%
Paul Sarbanes Other 100%
Jim Saxton Other 9%
Joe Scarborough Other 9%
Daniel Schaefer Other 0%
Steven Schiff Other 23%
Patricia Schroeder Other 91%
Andrea Seastrand Other 9%
John Shadegg Other 0%
E. Clay Shaw, Jr. Other 0%
Christopher Shays Other 5%
E.G. Shuster Other 0%
Paul Simon Other 100%
Alan Simpson Other 8%
Norman Sisisky Other 75%
David Skaggs Other 91%
Joseph Skeen Other 5%
Ike Skelton Other 68%
Linda Smith Other 0%
Nick Smith Other 0%
Bob Smith Other 0%
Olympia Snowe Other 44%
Gerald B.H. Solomon Other 0%
Mark Souder Other 9%
Arlen Specter Other 39%
Floyd Spence Other 0%
John Spratt, Jr. Other 82%
Pete Stark Other 100%
Cliff Stearns Other 0%
Charles Stenholm Other 64%
Ted Stevens Other 12%
Louis Stokes Other 94%
Gerry Studds Other 100%
Bob Stump Other 0%
Bart Stupak Other 86%
James Talent Other 0%
John Tanner Other 64%
Randy Tate Other 0%
William Tauzin Other 5%
Charles Taylor Other 0%
Gene Taylor Other 50%
Frank Tejeda Other 82%
Craig Thomas Other 11%
William Thomas Other 0%
Fred Thompson Other 6%
Ray Thornton Other 91%
Karen Thurman Other 90%
Strom Thurmond Other 17%
Todd Tiahrt Other 0%
Peter Torkildsen Other 36%
Esteban Edward Torres Other 91%
Robert Torricelli Other 91%
Ed Towns Other 100%
James Traficant, Jr. Other 73%
Bruce Vento Other 95%
Harold Volkmer Other 100%
Barbara Vucanovich Other 0%
James Walsh Other 5%
Zach Wamp Other 5%
Michael Ward Other 90%
John Warner Other 17%
Julius Caesar Watts, Jr. Other 0%
David Weldon Other 0%
W. Curtis Weldon Other 5%
Gerald Weller Other 18%
Paul Wellstone Other 100%
Rick White Other 9%
Pat Williams Other 90%
Charles Wilson Other 80%
Bob Wise, Jr. Other 91%
Lynn Woolsey Other 100%
Albert Wynn Other 100%
Sidney Yates Other 100%
Bill Zeliff Other 0%
Richard Zimmer Other 36%

How to Interpret these Evaluations

Keep in mind that ratings done by special interest groups often do not represent a non-partisan stance. In addition, some groups select votes that tend to favor members of one political party over another, rather than choosing votes based solely on issues concerns. Nevertheless, they can be invaluable in showing where an incumbent has stood on a series of votes in the past one or two years, especially when ratings by groups on all sides of an issue are compared. Website links, if available, and descriptions of the organizations offering performance evaluations are accessible by clicking on the name of the group.

Most performance evaluations are displayed in a percentage format. However, some organizations present their ratings in the form of a letter grade or endorsement based on voting records, interviews, survey results and/or sources of campaign funding. For consistency and ease in understanding, Project Vote Smart converts all scores into a percentage when possible. Please visit the group's website or call 1-888-VOTESMART for more specific information.